1064 nm rotational Raman polarization lidar for profiling aerosol and cloud characteristics.

The vertical profiles of aerosol or mixed-phase cloud optical properties (e.g. extinction coefficient) at 1064 nm are difficult to obtain from lidar observations.

Extraction optimization of the polysaccharide from Adenophorae Radix by central composite design.

The central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize the water extraction of the polysaccharide from Adenophorae Radix in the paper. The three variables of extraction temperature (X1), extraction time (X2) and ratio of water to raw material (X3) were investigated by single factor analysis first. Since the presence of active polysaccharides and the imperfect of its extraction, the purpose of the paper was to evaluate the effects of selected variables on the yield of polysaccharide, which was expected to obtain the maximum yield.