Olfactory Impairment and the Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Older Adults.

Background: Olfactory impairment is common in older adults and may be associated with adverse cardiovascular health; however, empirical evidence is sparse. We examined olfaction in relation to the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and congestive heart failure (CHF).

Methods And Results: This study included 2537 older adults (aged 75.

Olfaction and Mobility in Older Adults.

Importance: Decreased mobility is a hallmark of aging. Olfactory dysfunction is common in older adults and may be associated with declines in mobility.

Objective: To determine whether poor olfaction was associated with faster declines in mobility in older adults.

Air Pollutants and Risk of Parkinson's Disease among Women in the Sister Study.

Background: Air pollutants may contribute to the development of Parkinson's disease (PD), but empirical evidence is limited and inconsistent.

Objectives: This study aimed to prospectively investigate the associations of PD with ambient exposures to fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter () and nitrogen dioxide ().

Methods: We analyzed data from 47,108 US women from the Sister Study, enrolled from 2003-2009 (35-80 years of age) and followed through 2018.

Olfactory impairment and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular outcomes in older adults.

Background: Olfactory impairment is common in older adults and may be associated with adverse cardiovascular health; however, empirical evidence is sparse.

Objective: To examine olfaction and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and congestive heart failure (CHF).

Methods: This study included 2,537 older adults (aged 75.

High Pesticide Exposure Events and Dream-Enacting Behaviors Among US Farmers.

Background: Dream-enacting behavior is a characteristic feature of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, the most specific prodromal marker of synucleinopathies. Pesticide exposure may be associated with dream-enacting behaviors, but epidemiological evidence is limited.

Objectives: To examine high pesticide exposure events in relation to dream-enacting behaviors among farmers in the Agricultural Health Study.

Olfaction and Physical Functioning in Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: Poor olfaction is associated with worse functional performance in older adults, but longitudinal evidence is lacking. We investigated poor olfaction in relation to longitudinal changes in physical functioning among community-dwelling older adults.

Method: The analysis included 2 319 participants from the Health, Aging and Body Composition study (aged 71-82 years, 47.

Blood lead, nutrient intake, and renal function among type 2 diabetic patients.

Lead (Pb) exposure has been reported to have nephrotoxicity. However, such an effect has not been well investigated in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, especially when taking into account the nutrition status of the patients. Therefore, we explore the association between blood lead levels (BLLs), dietary intake of nutrients, and impaired renal function among patients with T2D.

Poor olfaction and pneumonia hospitalisation among community-dwelling older adults: a cohort study.

Background: Poor olfaction is common in older adults and might signify broader health implications beyond its role in neurodegeneration. We aimed to evaluate the association of poor olfaction and the risk of any, first-ever, and recurrent pneumonia hospitalisation, as well as death due to pneumonia, in a biracial, community-based cohort of older adults.

Methods: For this cohort study, we included participants from the Health, Aging and Body Composition study who were followed up with annual clinic or home visits and semi-annual or quarterly telephone interviews.

Phthalate exposure in association with the use of personal care products among general population from Shanghai.

Phthalates are used in a wide variety of personal care products (PCPs) as solubilizer, denaturant or color fixative. However, there are few studies referring the correlation between phthalate exposure and PCPs use among general population in China. In this study, ten metabolites of phthalates in spot urine samples (N = 500) were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.

The development of a Chinese Healthy Eating Index for School-age Children and its Application in children from China Health and Nutrition Survey.

This study aimed to develop a Chinese Healthy Eating Index for School-age Children (CHEI-SC), apply it in the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) to assess dietary quality, and compared it with our former developed index named CHEI. Data of 3-day 24-hour diet recalls and household food inventory survey from 1600 school-age children in CHNS-2011 were used to develop the CHEI-SC, using the methods of standard portion size, energy-density-based approach, and least restrictive approach. The CHEI-SC included 19 components with a total score (T-score) ranging from 0 to 100.

Renal function and the exposure to melamine and phthalates in Shanghai adults.

[Background] Melamine and phthalates have been reported to damage renal function in children. This association is scarce in general adults. [Method] A cross-sectional subsample population of 611 adults participating in the 2012 Shanghai Food Consumption Survey (SHFCS) was analyzed for urinary biomarkers of melamine, metabolites of phthalates, and renal function parameters.

Nutrition Education Practices of Health Teachers from Shanghai K-12 Schools: The Current Status, Barriers and Willingness to Teach.

China is facing challenges in both undernutrition and overnutrition, resulting from unhealthy diets. Nutrition education early in life, especially in school settings, has been reported to be effective in addressing these challenges. However, little is known about how nutrition education is delivered in schools in China.

An assessment of melamine exposure in Shanghai adults and its association with food consumption.

Melamine is widely used to make household products including plates, cups, and large-scale industrial plastic products. Studies have shown the nephrotoxicity of melamine. However, little is known about urinary melamine concentration in adults and its association with the consumption of foods, other than milk products.

Association between urinary concentration of phthalate metabolites and impaired renal function in Shanghai adults.

Background: Exposure to phthalates is reported to be associated with increased incidence of microalbuminuria and low-grade albuminuria in children and adolescents. However, this phenomenon of phthalate-related nephrotoxicity is unknown in adults.

Methods: Urine samples of 1663 adults from the 2012 Shanghai Food Consumption Survey (SHFCS) were measured for 10 metabolites of 6 phthalates and for renal function parameters.

Evaluation of the Validity and Reliability of the Chinese Healthy Eating Index.

The Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) is a measuring instrument of diet quality in accordance with the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese (DGC)-2016. The objective of the study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the CHEI. Data from 12,473 adults from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS)-2011, including 3-day-24-h dietary recalls were used in this study.

The Development of a Chinese Healthy Eating Index and Its Application in the General Population.

The objective of this study was to develop a Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) based on the updated Dietary Guidelines for Chinese (DGC-2016) and to apply it in the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS-2011) to assess diet quality and its association with typical sociodemographic/economic factors. Data from 14,584 participants (≥2 years) from the CHNS-2011, including three 24-h dietary recalls and additional variables, were used to develop the CHEI. The standard portion size was applied to quantify food consumption.

Probabilistic acute risk assessment of cumulative exposure to organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides from dietary vegetables and fruits in Shanghai populations.

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and carbamate pesticides (CPs) are among the most widely used pesticides in China, playing a major role in protecting agricultural commodities. In this study, we determined the cumulative acute exposure to OPs and CPs of Shanghai residents from vegetables and fruits (VFs). The food consumption data were obtained from the Shanghai Food Consumption Survey (SHFCS) of 2012-14 including a total of 1973 participants aged 2-90 years.

Gender Difference on the Association between Dietary Patterns and Obesity in Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Populations.

Dietary patterns are linked to obesity, but the gender difference in the association between dietary patterns and obesity remains unclear. We explored this gender difference in a middle-aged and elderly populations in Shanghai. Residents (n = 2046; aged ≥45 years; 968 men and 1078 women) who participated in the Shanghai Food Consumption Survey were studied.