Grade-ADOLOPMENT of nephrology clinical practice guidelines and creation of referral algorithms for Pakistan.

Objective: To develop evidence-based local clinical practice guidelines and primary care referral pathways for general physicians to help streamline the management of glomerular diseases and diabetes in chronic kidney disease patients in Pakistan.

Methods: The study was conducted from October 2021 to February 2023 at the Centre for Clinical Best Practices, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, in collaboration with the AKUH Section of Nephrology. Two source guidelines were selected by the local nephrologists after a thorough literature review on PubMed and Google Scholar.

Perioperative management of a patient with severe aortic stenosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Severe aortic stenosis (AS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly increase perioperative morbidity and mortality. This case report discusses the challenges of managing a 75-year-old male patient with severe AS and advanced COPD undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair.

Case Presentation: The patient presented with a 6.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Creatinine-Based Equations for eGFR Estimation in Pakistanis: Evaluation of the European Kidney Function Consortium Equation vs the CKD-EPI Pakistan Equation.

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is prevalent in Pakistan, necessitating accurate diagnostic methods. This study evaluates the CKD-EPI 2009, CKD-EPI 2021, CKD-EPI Pak, MDRD, and EKFC equations against creatinine clearance (CrCl) to determine their diagnostic accuracy for CKD in the Pakistani population.

Methods: n a retrospective cross-sectional study, data from 2,310 participants aged 18-70 were analyzed at The Aga Khan University in Karachi.

Exploration of underutilized chayote fractions following drying and extraction.

Valorizing neglected crop byproducts through eco-friendly techniques has gained attention as underutilized crops offer new sources of bioactive components. This study examined the chemical composition, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities in six fractions of the underutilized chayote (Sechium edule). Each fraction was microwave-dried and extracted with ultrasound assistance.

Sensitive Coatings Based on Molecular-Imprinted Polymers for Triazine Pesticides' Detection.

Triazine pesticide (atrazine and its derivatives) detection sensors have been developed to thoroughly check for the presence of these chemicals and ultimately prevent their exposure to humans. Sensitive coatings were designed by utilizing molecular imprinting technology, which aims to create artificial receptors for the detection of chlorotriazine pesticides with gravimetric transducers. Initially, imprinted polymers were developed, using acrylate and methacrylate monomers containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chains, specifically for atrazine, which shares a basic heterocyclic triazine structure with its structural analogs.

Transfemoral hepatic vein access in double vein embolization - initial experience and feasibility.

Background: Hepatic vein embolization in double vein embolization (DVE) can be performed with transhepatic, transjugular or transfemoral access. This study evaluates the feasibility and technical success of using a transfemoral access for the hepatic vein embolization in patients undergoing preoperative to induce hypertrophy of the future liver remnant (FLR).

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of single center cohort including 17 consecutive patients.

Cytoreductive Surgery With Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy and Liver Resection is a Treatment Option for Patients With Peritoneal and Liver Metastases From Colorectal Cancer.

Objective: To study outcomes after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) in patients also treated for colorectal liver metastases (CLM).

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) frequently metastasizes to the liver and peritoneum and is associated with a poor prognosis. In selected patients, a benefit in overall survival (OS) was shown for both peritoneal metastases (PM-CRC) offered CRS-HIPEC, and CLM treated with surgical resection.

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Background: Cystic echinococcosis is a zoonosis caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus. The disease rarely occurs in Norway, but constitutes a significant global health issue.

Case Presentation: A man in his forties presented with right-sided flank pain.

liver resection for complex infection: a case report.

, the fox dwarf tapeworm, causes alveolar echinococcosis (AE), a critical and life-threatening condition. A radical surgical approach represents the only curative option. In this case study, we present a 37-year-old man diagnosed with extensive hepatic AE requiring extended right-sided liver resection including the caudate lobe and retro-hepatic vena cava.

Mapping Genetic Markers Associated with Antigenicity and Host Range in H9N2 Influenza A Viruses Infecting Poultry in Pakistan.

The aim of the current study was to map the genetic diversity in the haemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein of influenza A viruses (IAVs) of the H9N2 subtype. Twenty-five H9N2 IAVs were isolated from broiler chickens from March to July 2019. The HA gene was amplified, and phylogenetic analysis was performed to determine the evolutionary relationship.

Pancreatic duct occlusion with polychloroprene-based glue for the management of postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy-an outdated approach?

Background: Managing postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) presents a formidable challenge after pancreatoduodenectomy. Some centers consider pancreatic duct occlusion (PDO) in reoperations following pancreatoduodenectomy as a pancreas-preserving procedure, aiming to control a severe POPF. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of employing PDO for the management of the pancreatic stump during relaparotomy for POPF subsequent to pancreatoduodenectomy.

Qualitative assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of oncologists about precision medicine in cancer patients- study from Lahore, Pakistan.

Background: Precision medicine (PM) is in great progressive stages in the West and allows healthcare practitioners (HCPs) to give treatment according to the patient's genetic findings, physiological and environmental characteristics. PM is a relatively new treatment approach in Pakistan Therefore, it is important to investigate the level of awareness, attitude, and challenges faced by oncology physicians while practicing PM for various therapies, especially cancer treatment.

Objectives: The present study aims to explore the level of awareness, attitude, and practice of PM in Pakistan along with the challenges faced by the oncologists for the treatment of cancer using the PM approach.

The prognostic effect of tumor-associated macrophages in stage I-III colorectal cancer depends on T cell infiltration.

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are associated with unfavorable patient prognosis in many cancer types. However, TAMs are a heterogeneous cell population and subsets have been shown to activate tumor-infiltrating T cells and confer a good patient prognosis. Data on the prognostic value of TAMs in colorectal cancer are conflicting.

In vitro and In vivo Determination of Biological Activities of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Peel, Flesh and Seeds.

Momordica charantia L. has been remained a well-known medicinal vegetable used traditionally. However, which part is most effective against which disorder, has been remained undiscovered yet.

Intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile ducts: a comparative study of a rare disease in Europe and Nagoya, Japan.

Background: Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile ducts (IPNB) is a rare disease in Western countries. The aim of this study was to compare tumor characteristics, management strategies, and outcomes between Western and Eastern patients who underwent surgical resection for IPNB.

Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective series of patients with IPNB undergoing surgery between January 2010 and December 2020 was gathered under the auspices of the European-African Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association (E-AHPBA), and at Nagoya University Hospital, Japan.

Physiological and biochemical variations of naturally ripened mango (Mangifera Indica L.) with synthetic calcium carbide and ethylene.

To meet the increasing consumer demands for fruits, the implementation of artificial ripening techniques using synthetic chemicals has become increasingly commonplace among less ethical fruit production companies in today's global market. The objective of present work was to establish a difference in the physiological and biochemical and profiles of naturally ripened mangoes vs. those ripened by application of synthetic calcium carbide and ethylene.

Comparative evaluation of ethylene oxide, electron beam and gamma irradiation treatments on commonly cultivated red chilli cultivars (Kunri and Hybrid) of Sindh, Pakistan.

Chillies are considered a universal ingredient for imparting flavor and pungency to foods. Pakistan stood in the top twenty countries worldwide by producing 82 thousand Tons of chillies during 2022-23. Chilli fungal contamination and aflatoxin production during drying is a common problem during post-harvest process.