Deciphering Plant NLR Genomic Evolution: Synteny-Informed Classification Unveils Insights into TNL Gene Loss.

Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR) genes encode a pivotal class of plant immune receptors. However, their rampant duplication and loss have made inferring their genomic evolutionary trajectory difficult, exemplified by the loss of TNL family genes in monocots. In this study, we introduce a novel classification system for angiosperm NLR genes, grounded in network analysis of micro-synteny information.

Evolutionary dynamics and functional characterization of proximal duplicated sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase genes in Rosaceae.

Sorbitol is a critical photosynthate and storage substance in the Rosaceae family. Sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (S6PDH) functions as the pivotal rate-limiting enzyme in sorbitol synthesis. The origin and functional diversification of S6PDH in Rosaceae remain unclear, largely due to the complicated interplay of gene duplications.

Origin and early divergence of tandem duplicated sorbitol transporter genes in Rosaceae: insights from evolutionary analysis of the SOT gene family in angiosperms.

Sorbitol is a critical photosynthate and storage substance in the Rosaceae family. Sorbitol transporters (SOTs) play a vital role in facilitating sorbitol allocation from source to sink organs and sugar accumulation in sink organs. While prior research has addressed gene duplications within the SOT gene family in Rosaceae, the precise origin and evolutionary dynamics of these duplications remain unclear, largely due to the complicated interplay of whole genome duplications and tandem duplications.

Identification of PLATZ genes in and expression characteristics of MdPLATZs in response to drought and ABA stresses.

Plant AT-rich sequences and zinc-binding proteins (PLATZ) play crucial roles in response to environmental stresses. Nevertheless, PLATZ gene family has not been systemically studied in Rosaceae species, such as in apple, pear, peach, or strawberry. In this study, a total of 134 PLATZ proteins were identified from nine Rosaceae genomes and were classified into seven phylogenetic groups.

mediates chlorophyll synthesis and iron transport under iron deficiency in .

Iron (Fe) plays an important role in cellular respiration and catalytic reactions of metalloproteins in plants and animals. Plants maintain iron homeostasis through absorption, translocation, storage, and compartmentalization of iron a cooperative regulative network. Here, we showed different physiological characteristics in the leaves and roots of under Fe sufficiency and Fe deficiency conditions and propose that (elongated hypocotyl 5), an important transcription factor for its function in photomorphogenesis, participated in Fe deficiency response in both the leaves and roots of .

Design and fabrication of SU-8 polymer arrayed waveguide gratings based on flexible PDMS substrates.

We investigated and fabricated 1×8 and 1×16 traditional/saddle arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) wavelength division multiplexing devices on flexible substrates. The core layer was made of the negative epoxy photoresist SU-8, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) material was selected for the cladding based on the high refractive index difference. A chemical modification method of PDMS was proposed to enhance the film-forming characteristics of the SU-8 core layer on PDMS substrates.

RBP differentiation contributes to selective transmissibility of OPT3 mRNAs.

Long-distance mobile mRNAs play key roles in gene regulatory networks that control plant development and stress tolerance. However, the mechanisms underlying species-specific delivery of mRNA still need to be elucidated. Here, the use of grafts involving highly heterozygous apple (Malus) genotypes allowed us to demonstrate that apple (Malus domestica) oligopeptide transporter3 (MdOPT3) mRNA can be transported over a long distance, from the leaf to the root, to regulate iron uptake; however, the mRNA of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) oligopeptide transporter 3 (AtOPT3), the MdOPT3 homolog from A.

Silicon Waveguide Integrated with Germanium Photodetector for a Photonic-Integrated FBG Interrogator.

We report a vertically coupled germanium (Ge) waveguide detector integrated on silicon-on-insulator waveguides and an optimized device structure through the analysis of the optical field distribution and absorption efficiency of the device. The photodetector we designed is manufactured by IMEC, and the tests show that the device has good performance. This study theoretically and experimentally explains the structure of Ge PIN and the effect of the photodetector (PD) waveguide parameters on the performance of the device.

ERF4 affects fruit firmness through TPL4 by reducing ethylene production.

The firmness of fleshy fruit crops has a significant effect on their quality, consumer preference, shelf life and transportability. In a combined quantitative trait locus and genome-wide association studies study of apple fruit texture, we identified a mutation (C-G) in the ethylene response factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif in the coding region of the apple ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR4 (ERF4) gene. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing showed that ERF4 binds to the promoter of ERF3, which is involved in regulation of ethylene biosynthesis.

The Structural, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Ge/Si Quantum Wells: Lasing at a Wavelength of 1550 nm.

The realization of a fully integrated group IV electrically driven laser at room temperature is an essential issue to be solved. We introduced a novel group IV side-emitting laser at a wavelength of 1550 nm based on a 3-layer Ge/Si quantum well (QW). By designing this scheme, we showed that the structural, electronic, and optical properties are excited for lasing at 1550 nm.

A long non-coding apple RNA, MSTRG.85814.11, acts as a transcriptional enhancer of SAUR32 and contributes to the Fe-deficiency response.

Iron (Fe) is an essential plant nutrient and its deficiency typically limits plant growth. Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are involved in adaptive responses to nutrient stress; however, it is not known whether they function in the regulation of the canonical Fe-deficiency response. The expression of Malus domestica (apple) lncRNA MSTRG.

Natural Variation Underlies Differences in ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR17 Activity in Fruit Peel Degreening.

Through natural or human selection, many fleshy fruits have evolved vivid external or internal coloration, which often develops during ripening. Such developmental changes in color are associated with the biosynthesis of pigments as well as with degreening through chlorophyll degradation. Here, we demonstrated that natural variation in the coding region of the gene () contributes to apple () fruit peel degreening.

[Investigation on occupational stress of workers in clean workshops of electric company].

Objective: The aim is to learn the situation of work stress, burnout and depression in clean workshops of electronic company by investigation, and provide the clues for the further interventions as well as the basic data for the future evaluation.

Methods: The survey was carried out in a electronic company in Xishan,Wuxi city. The subjects including all the 395 employees in clean workshops and 205 in ordinary workshops were asked to fill in an anonymous cross-sectional questionnaire, in which the distributions of age, gender, job duration, working time and working strength were similar between two kinds of workshops.