Sensitivity and specificity of International Classification of Diseases algorithms (ICD-9 and ICD-10) used to identify opioid-related overdose cases: A systematic review and an example of estimation using Bayesian latent class models in the absence of gold standards.

Objectives: This study aimed to summarize validity estimates of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes in identifying opioid overdose (OOD) among patient data from emergency rooms, emergency medical services, inpatient, outpatient, administrative, medical claims, and mortality, and estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the algorithms in the absence of a perfect reference standard.

Methods: We systematically reviewed studies published before December 8, 2023, and identified with Medline and Embase. Studies reporting sufficient details to recreate a 2 × 2 table comparing the ICD algorithms to a reference standard in diagnosing OOD-related events were included.

Pediatric maxillofacial and oral traumatological emergencies in the department of stomatology, maxillofacial and plastic surgery of the university hospital of cocody (republic of IVORY COAST).

Introduction: Maxillofacial and oral trauma in children are a frequent reason for consultation in stomatology and maxillofacial surgery.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective study with a descriptive aim, carried out on the basis of an analysis of the physical medical files of cases of maxillofacial and oral trauma admitted to the stomatological emergencies of the university hospital center of cocody over a period of 04 years (January 2016 to December 2019).

Results: The average age of the patients was 7.

Effects of subacute oral administration of aqueous extract of Müll.Arg (Euphorbiaceae) leaf on anthropometric and haematological parameters in rats.

is a plant used in traditional medicine to treat many illnesses. Previous studies showed the efficacy of the aqueous extract of leaf of this plant (AEMb) in the treatment of gastric ulcer within the dose range of 125-500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.

Mass spectrometry-based detection and risk assessment of mycotoxin contamination of 'kankankan' used for roasted meat consumption in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

'Kankankan' is a popular spice powder used to season roasted meat in Côte d'Ivoire. However, produced in a traditional way, the conditions of production and storage of kankankan favour the proliferation of mycotoxin-producing fungal strains. The aim of this study was to carry out an inventory of mycotoxin contamination of this spice powder and to assess risk exposure to consumers.

Transcription factor NF-κB in a basal metazoan, the sponge, has conserved and unique sequences, activities, and regulation.

Herein, we characterize transcription factor NF-κB from the demosponge Amphimedon queenslandica (Aq). Aq-NF-κB is most similar to NF-κB p100/p105 among vertebrate proteins, with an N-terminal DNA-binding domain, a C-terminal Ankyrin (ANK) repeat domain, and a DNA binding-site profile akin to human NF-κB proteins. Like mammalian NF-κB p100, C-terminal truncation allows nuclear translocation of Aq-NF-κB and increases its transcriptional activation activity.

Antibacterial and antispasmodic activities of a dichloromethane fraction of an ethanol extract of stem bark of Piliostigma reticulatum.

Objectives: This study presents the antispasmodic and antibacterial properties of an ethanol extract and fractions the of stem bark of Piliostigma reticulatum.

Materials And Methods: The antispasmodic effects of the extract and its fractions were performed on isolated rabbit duodenum. The antibacterial properties were determined as minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentration of the extract and fractions of P.

Antidiarrhoeal activity of an ethanol extract of the stem bark of Piliostigma reticulatum (Caesalpiniaceae) in rats.

Piliostigma reticulatum (Caesalpiniaceae) is used in Africa as a traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases, such as malaria, tuberculosis and diarrhoea. We investigated the antidiarrhoeal properties of a crude ethanol extract from the stem bark of Piliostigma reticulatum (EEPR) in Wistar albino rats to substantiate its traditional use and to determine its phytochemical constituents. The antidiarrhoeal activity of the plant extract was evaluated in a castor oil-induced diarrhoea model in rats and compared with loperamide.

[Reversible immunosuppression, liver and kidney markers, calcium and phosphorus in the healthy rabbit].

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine one or several doses of Methylprednisolone ( MP) who leads a long time of immunosuppression without disrupting phosphor and calcium, liver and kidney markers at the healthy rabbit.

Material And Methods: This study was made to fifteen rabbit. Five (5) batches were constituted according to Nacl and Methylpredmisolone administered dose by body weight.

[Comparison of the mechanism of cardiotonic action of the fraction 3 of MAI-BAO and digoxin on rat isolated heart].

Unlabelled: MAI-BAO (MB) is a beverage obtained by fermentation of sweet Camellia sinensis tea by the Tea-Mushroom treasure. The action of the chromatographic fraction 3 of MAI-BAO (MB-F3) is cardiotonic.

Aims: To compare the mechanism of cardiotonic activity of MB-F3 and digoxin (Dx) in rats.

[Effect of the minor and moderate malnutrition on immunity, inflammatory and nutritional proteins at Côte d'Ivoire child].

This study was realiszed in Côte d'Ivoire at the children from 5 to 15 years old. The purpose of this study was to determine the alteration of immunity, inflammatory and nutritional proteins at 142 children (30 minor and 12 moderated malnutrition). The nutritional state or the state of malnutrition was to appreciate by Weight/height ratio which is the most usued by far.

[Intestinal parasites, haematological profile and anthropometric status of schoolchildren in Cotê d'Ivoire].

In West Africa intestinal parasites diseases and lack of food are quoted among the main causes of childhood morbidity. This study aimed to assess both the frequency and the relationships between anthropometric values and haemogramme troubles among children living in a West tropical forest area. A cross-sectional survey was tested on a sample of 262 children drawn at two levels.

[Maternal and neonatal iron status in Ivory Coast].

Despite the high prevalence of neonatal anemia in Côte d'Ivoire, complete blood counts and iron studies have not been adequately explored. The authors studied complete blood counts (from peripheral blood mononuclear cells), hemoglobin electrophoresis results, and serum iron, ferritin and transferrin levels in 40 newborns and their mothers. The neonatal results (mean +/- SD) were: hemoglobin: 14.

Separation of adult chains of abnormal haemoglobin: Identification by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

Rare abnormal haemoglobin (Hb) often poses a problem in the diagnosis of relative electrophoresis mobility. The rare neutral Hbs interact with the Hb S and thus can increase the severity of sickle cell anaemia. In the present study, we investigated the use of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) as a method for the identification of neutral or unstable Hb, and compared it with the well-known techniques urea-triton electrophoresis (UT) and isoelectrofocusing (IEF).

Globin chain analysis by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography: recent developments.

Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography of globin chains is an important additional tool in the study of hemoglobin abnormalities. Using a technique modified from that of Leone et al.,[1] we report here the relative chromatographic behavior of about 200 different hemoglobin variants.

Evaluation of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertensive Ivoirian subjects--preliminary results.

Experimental data on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in black Africans are very limited. In this study we set up our own values (plasma renin and aldosterone) in a group of normotensive Ivoirian male and female (N = 43) subjects and compared our results with those published for the white population. The values were approximately the same.

HbF in the adult: could its composition discriminate normal from abnormal foetal globin gene expression?

The relative proportions of the two gamma chain species (G gamma and A gamma) have been reinvestigated in newborns, during the physiological switch from foetal to adult haemoglobin, and in adults with some persistent expression of HbF. In newborns, with about 80% HbF, the G gamma percentage was close to 70% while in adult RBC, with less than 0.5% HbF, the G gamma chain was almost non-detectable and may reflect the completion of the foetal to adult switch.

[Blood levels of protein markers of inflammation and nutrition in the meningo-encephalitis phase of human African trypanosomiasis].

Two acute phase proteins; C-reactive protein and acid alpha 1-glycoprotein and three nutritional markers; prealbumin, retinol binding protein and transferrin have been evaluated in 8 patients suffering from trypanosomiasis in meningoencephalitic state and compared to those obtained from 15 normal control subjects. Findings show a markly decrease of nutritional markers without change of sera acute phase proteins. We concluded that in meningo-encephalitic state of human african trypanosomiasis, denutrition was a major biological or clinical feature in association with lymphoid cells stimulation as revealed by beta 2-M levels.

[Evaluation of atherogenic risk in homozygous sickle cell disease: study of lipid and apolipoprotein AI and B plasma levels].

The main clinical use of measurements of Apo Al and Apo B is to determine a patient's risk status for the development of ischemic heart disease. Apo B is generally accepted as a contributory cause of coronary artery disease, while Apo Al apparently has a protective effect. The present study reports the plasma change of Apo Al and B in sickle cell anaemic subjects.

Lipid, apolipoprotein AI and B levels in Ivorian patients with sickle cell anaemia.

Plasma apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein B, cholesterol and triglycerides in 114 Ivorian patients with homozygous sickle cell anaemia (HbSS) were compared to 40, age and sex matched controls with normal haemoglobin (HbAA). Except for plasma triglycerides, lipid and apolipoprotein levels were found to be lower in patients with sickle cell anaemia as compared to normal control subjects. The differences between the two groups were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.