Associations between exposure to brominated flame retardants and hyperlipidemia risk in U.S. Adults.

Background: Environmental exposure to toxic brominated flame retardants (BFRs) has been confirmed to have detrimental effects on human health. The impact of serum BFRs on hyperlipidemia risk has not been sufficiently examined. Our objective is to identify both the individual and combined effects of serum BFRs on hyperlipidemia and to further investigate the most influential chemicals.

Expert consensus on clinical genome sequencing interpretation and reporting.

Genome sequencing (GS) refers to a technology that comprehensively and systematically detects the DNA sequences of an individual's nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. It aims to identify genetic variants and investigate their roles in human health and disease progression. As an emerging diagnostic tool, GS offers significant support for clinical diagnosis due to its high throughput, accuracy, and comprehensiveness.

Foam-based mustard essential oil microcapsules preparation, characterization, grilling application and comparison with emulsion microcapsules.

Emulsion-based microencapsulation is the dominant form of encapsulating target components. Foam of emulsions is a neglected and important form of encapsulation due to its lower substance content, large specific surface area, and stable water-oil emulsion interface, which is equally feasible for drying and encapsulation. In this study, using the encapsulation of a small amount of mustard essential oil (MEO) as an example, the differences in physicochemical properties between foam-based and emulsion-based MEO microcapsules were evaluated by preparing protein (soybean isolate protein) and polysaccharide (sodium alginate) emulsion systems with a high amount of foaming, collecting the foams and drying (hot air drying and freeze-drying).

Circulating cell-free DNA methylation profiles as noninvasive multiple sclerosis biomarkers: A proof-of-concept study.

In multiple sclerosis (MS), there is a critical need for non-invasive biomarkers to concurrently classify disease subtypes, evaluate disability severity, and predict long-term progression. In this proof-of-concept study, we performed low-coverage whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) on 75 plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) samples and assessed the clinical utility of cfDNA methylation as a single assay for distinguishing MS patients from non-MS controls, identifying MS subtypes, estimating disability severity, and predicting disease trajectories. We identified thousands of differentially methylated CpGs and hundreds of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) that significantly distinguished MS from controls, separated MS subtypes, and stratified disability severity levels.

Whole-exome sequencing assists in the diagnosis of hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome: Insights into dual genetic abnormalities.

Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by recurrent infections, severe eczema, and elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Genetic testing traditionally focuses on known genes such as and , responsible for the majority of autosomal-dominant (AD-HIES) and autosomal-recessive (AR-HIES) cases, respectively. However, a significant subset of patients with HIES-like symptoms remain genetically unexplained.

Biochemistry and Chemoinformatics Guided Classification of Hirsutane Sesquiterpenes Isolated from Mushroom.

Hirsutanes are mushroom-derived sesquiterpenes with a characteristic 5-5-5 tricyclic ring skeleton. To date, more than 70 derivatives have been isolated from nature. In this study, we applied heterologous expression, in vitro enzymatic reactions, and biotransformation to characterize the function of nine enzymes involved in the synthesis of anhydroarthrosporone and six novel hirsutanes.

Research on the spatial correlation network and its driving factors for synergistic development of pollution reduction, carbon reduction, greening, and growth in China's tourism industry.

The integrated development of pollution reduction, carbon reduction, greening, and growth (PR-CR-G-G) has become a crucial component of China's green transformation. Encouraging a virtuous cycle of these elements within the tourism sector not only supports the goals of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality" but also improves the overall quality of tourism and accelerates its green transformation. This study covers 30 provinces in China and develops an index system for Tourism PR-CR-G-G from 2011 to 2022.

Device-Measured Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Risk of Chronic Kidney Diseases Across Levels of Grip Strength.

Background: The study aimed to investigate whether the associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) vary based on different levels of hand grip strength, identifying the modifying role of grip strength in these associations.

Methods: The study included 87 487 adults from the UK Biobank. PA and SB were quantified using accelerometers over 7-day period, while grip strength was assessed using a hand dynamometer.

Quantitation of Plasma Proteins to Predict Taxane-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy.

Purpose: Taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN) is a dose-limiting toxicity of paclitaxel in patients with cancer. TIPN prediction is challenging although patients with higher systemic paclitaxel exposure have higher TIPN risk. This study aimed to identify protein predictors of TIPN and paclitaxel pharmacokinetics (PK).

-Derived Near-Infrared Carbon Dots for Bioimaging and Antimicrobial Applications.

The use of biomass feedstocks for producing high-value-added chemicals is gaining significant attention in the academic community. In this study, near-infrared carbon dots (NIR-CDs) with antimicrobial and bioimaging functions were prepared from branches and leaves using a novel green synthesis approach. The spectral properties of the synthesized NIR-CDs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Assessment of heart rate deceleration capacity, heart rate deceleration runs, heart rate acceleration capacity, and lipoprotein-related phospholipase A2 as predictors in individuals with dementia.

Background: Autonomic dysfunction plays an essential role in dementia, however, it is not known whether electrocardiogram autonomic dysfunction-related indicators are associated with the severity of dementia. In this study, we attempted to investigate whether these indicators are correlated in patients with vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease compared with normal health individuals. For this purpose, we measured and analyzed the predictive value of heart rate deceleration capacity (DC), heart rate deceleration runs (DRs), heart rate acceleration capacity (AC) along with the plasma levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2).

Chemokine family significance and prognostic value in colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a substantial global health concern, exhibits inconspicuous early symptoms, and is typically diagnosed at advanced stages leading to unfavorable outcomes. The intricate tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in CRC development and progression, where chemokines contribute significantly. These chemokines exhibit widespread expression within tumor cells, facilitating immune cell infiltration, angiogenesis, and the establishment of distant metastases.

Traditional pediatric massage enhanced the skeletal muscle mass in OVA-exposed adolescent rats via regulating SCFAs-FFAR2-IGF-1/AKT pathway.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the potential relation between the retarded growth of skeletal muscle (SM) and dysbiosis of gut microbiota (GM) in children with asthma, and to explore the potential action mechanisms of traditional pediatric massage (TPM) from the perspective of regulating GM and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production by using an adolescent rat model of asthma.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3weeks were divided randomly into the 5 groups (n=6~7) of control, ovalbumin (OVA), OVA + TPM, OVA + methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MP) and OVA + SCFAs. Pulmonary function (PF) was detected by whole body plethysmograph, including enhanced pause and minute ventilation.

Combined exposure to mixed brominated flame retardants on obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in US adults.

Background: Accumulating research highlights that exposure to serum brominated flame retardants (BFRs) may elevate health risks. The effects of serum BFRs, both alone and in combination, on obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have not been thoroughly studied. Our main goal was to examine the association between individual and mixtures of serum BFRs and OSAS risk.

Four Alkaloids from with Antitumor Activity via Disturbing Glutathione Homeostasis.

Alstoschoquinolines A-D (-) representing three unprecedented scaffolds were isolated from the leaves of through direct separation by LC/MS detection. and consisted of a 5/6/5-coupled quinoline architecture containing six consecutive chiral carbons, while and possessed a bridged ring featuring 6/6/6/6 and 6/6/8/6 skeletons, respectively. They might be derived from the corynantheine-type indole alkaloid via sequential oxidation and rearrangement.

Progression and mortality of patients with cystic fibrosis in China.

Background: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are rare in China and differ significantly from the Caucasian populations in terms of clinical and genetic characteristics. However, the progression and mortality of Chinese patients with CF have not been well described.

Results: This study included all 67 patients from the Peking Union Medical College Hospital CF cohort, with a median followed up time of 5.

Interpreting Variants of Uncertain Significance in PCD: Abnormal Splicing Caused by a Missense Variant of DNAAF3.

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dysfunction of motile cilia. While approximately 50 genes have been identified, around 25% of PCD patients remain genetically unexplained; elucidating the pathogenicity of specific variants remains a challenge.

Methods: Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were conducted to identify potential pathogenic variants of PCD.

Assessment of grazing livestock balance on the Eastern Mongolian Plateau based on remote sensing monitoring and grassland carrying capacity evaluation.

Rational utilization of natural resources is crucial in arid and semi-arid areas due to their vulnerable ecosystems and low resource resilience. Achieving a balance between grassland production and livestock grazing, known as the pasture-livestock balance, is essential for the sustainable development of grassland resources on the Mongolian Plateau (MP). This study focuses on the grassland regions of 8 provinces in eastern Mongolia (MNG) and 7 leagues in Inner Mongolia (IMNG), China, during the period from 2018 to 2022.

A Polypeptosome Spray To Heal Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria-Infected Wound by Photocatalysis-Induced Metabolism-Interference.

With the booming antimicrobial drug resistance worldwide, traditional antibacterial agents (e.g., antibiotics) are usually powerless against superbug.

Food Functional Factors in Alzheimer's Disease Intervention: Current Research Progress.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. With the escalating aging of the global population, the societal burden of this disease is increasing. Although drugs are available for the treatment of AD, their efficacy is limited and there remains no effective cure.

Recent Advance on Biological Activity and Toxicity of Arecoline in Edible Areca (Betel) Nut: A Review.

Areca nut ( L. AN), which is the dried, mature seed of the palm species L., is consumed by over 600 million individuals, predominantly in South Asia, East Africa, and certain regions of the tropical Pacific.

Alstoscholarisine L, a novel caged monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with antifungal activity from Alstonia scholaris.

Alstoscholarisine L is an architecturally complex monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with a unique ring fusion pattern, isolated from the leaves of Alstonia scholaris. The 6/5/5/6/6/6-membered rings contain two lactonic rings and one aminal carbon and possess seven contiguous aligned stereocenters, three of which are quaternary. Its structure was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analyses, quantum chemical computations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Solubilization techniques used for poorly water-soluble drugs.

About 40% of approved drugs and nearly 90% of drug candidates are poorly water-soluble drugs. Low solubility reduces the drugability. Effectively improving the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs is a critical issue that needs to be urgently addressed in drug development and application.