Rapid detection of botulinum neurotoxins A, B, E, and F by optical immunoassay.

Botulism is caused by the neurotoxins (BoNTs) produced from Clostridium botulinum. These neurotxins often lead to fatal neuroparalytic disease which is regarded a major threat to the public health. For this reason, rapid and reliable diagnosis of BoNTs in field settings and peripheral care centers is highly valuable.