Associations between modifiable risk factors and cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: joint modelling of longitudinal and survival data.

Background: Stronger associations between modifiable risk factors and cognitive function have been found in younger than older adults. This age pattern may be subject to mortality selection and non-ignorable missingness caused by dropouts due to death, but this remains unclear.

Methods: Longitudinal data from 9,562 adults aged 50 and older from Waves 1-4 (2011-2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used.

Longitudinal change of intrinsic capacity and associated factors in older Chinese adults: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: Although intrinsic capacity (IC) has been constructed in older populations, whether IC retains the same structure over time has not been formally examined, nor have the factors associated with the changes in IC over time been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to establish that the structure of IC remains unchanged over time by testing its longitudinal measurement invariance and to investigate factors that influence the longitudinal change of IC over time.

Methods: Data came from 7,271 participants aged 60 and older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011 (Wave 1) and 2015 (Wave 3).

The influence of social participation and depressive symptoms on cognition among middle-aged and older adults.

Background: The global aging phenomenon has raised concerns about the cognitive abilities of older individuals. This study aimed to explore the relationship between social participation, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: This study utilized data from the China Longitudinal Study of Health and Retirement (CHARLS) from wave 1 to wave 4.

Life Course Socioeconomic Position and Cognitive Aging Trajectories: A Cross-National Cohort Study in China and England.

Background And Objectives: Cross-national research on cognitive aging inequality has largely concentrated on Western countries. It is unclear whether socioeconomic position (SEP) has similar effects on cognitive decline in emerging economies. We compared the association between life course SEP and cognitive function trajectories between China and England, the largest nation under state socialism and one of the oldest capitalist countries.

Relationship between social support and 7-year trajectories of cognitive decline: results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: Social support is associated with cognitive function at an older age, but how distinct dimensions of social support affect trajectories of cognitive decline in older Chinese adults remains unclear.

Methods: Using longitudinal data (waves 1-4) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 7-year trajectories of cognitive decline by various social support markers, including family support, financial support, public support and perceived support, were estimated using latent growth curve modelling for adults aged 60 and over (N=6795).

Results: After adjusting for baseline sociodemographics, behaviours, body mass index and health conditions, all social support markers were associated with baseline cognitive function, except for living with spouse.

The relationship of income on stroke incidence in Finland and China.

Background: Stroke incidence has continued to increase recently in most countries. The roles of individual-level income on the incidence of overall stroke and its subtypes are still unknown, especially in low- and middle-income countries and the cross-national evidence is also limited. We explored the association between individual-level income and stroke incidence in Finland and China.

The relationship between psychological conditions and recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Psychological conditions have been found to be associated with an increased risk of incident benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). However, much less is known on whether and how psychological conditions such as anxiety, insomnia and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affect the recurrence of BPPV.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 2,612 outpatients and inpatients diagnosed with BPPV between September 2012 and August 2020.

Association Between Alcohol Use Disorders and Dementia in 262,703 Dementia-free Finnish Adults: Is Cardiovascular Disease a Mediator?

Background: The possible mediating role of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the relationship between alcohol use disorders (AUD) and the risk of early-onset (
Methods: Using linked Finnish national register data, a population-based cohort study of 262,703 dementia-free Finnish men and women aged 40 + at baseline (December 31, 1999) was established. AUD and CVD in 1988-2014, and incident dementia in 2000-2014 were identified from Finnish Hospital Discharge Register and/or Drug Reimbursement Register.

Pre-existing psychological disorders, diabetes, and pancreatic cancer: A population-based study of 38,952 Finns.

Background: It remains unclear how pre-existing depression, anxiety, and diabetes of different durations are associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer, its clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and subsequent survival.

Methods: From a register-based random sample of Finns residing in Finland at the end of the period 1987-2007, 6492 patients diagnosed with primary pancreatic cancer in 2000-2014, and 32 460 controls matched for birth cohort and sex, were identified. Pre-existing depression, anxiety, and diabetes were ascertained from the records of prescribed medication purchases.

Cognitive reserve over life course and 7-year trajectories of cognitive decline: results from China health and retirement longitudinal study.

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) could partly explain the individual heterogeneity in cognitive decline. No study measured CR from a life course perspective and investigated the association between CR and trajectories of cognitive decline in older Chinese adults.

Methods: Data of 6795 Chinese adults aged 60+ from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used.

Four-year trajectories of episodic memory decline in mid-late life by living arrangements: a cross-national comparison between China and England.

Background: There is mixed evidence on the association between living arrangements and mid-late life cognition, which may be due to distinct familial arrangements and preferences between populations. To address such heterogeneity, we assessed these associations in China and England.

Methods: Four-year trajectories of episodic memory scores (0-20, word recall test) by living arrangements (living with partner only, living with partner and children/grandchildren, living with no partner but with children/grandchildren, and living alone) were estimated using latent growth curve modelling for men and women aged 50+ from China (n=12 801) and England (n=10 964).

Childhood adversity and trajectories of multimorbidity in mid-late life: China health and longitudinal retirement study.

Background: The association between childhood adversity and an individual's health in later life has been extensively studied in Western societies; however, little is known about this association for the development of multimorbidity in China.

Methods: Three waves (2011-2012, 2013 and 2015) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used for adults aged 45-101 years. Multimorbidity was assessed by the summed scores of self-reported physician diagnoses of 14 chronic diseases.

Effective control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in Wanzhou, China.

The effectiveness of control measures to contain coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wanzhou, China was assessed. Epidemiological data were analyzed for 183 confirmed COVID-19 cases and their close contacts from five generations of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 throughout the entire COVID-19 outbreak in Wanzhou. Approximately 67.

Relationship Between COVID-19 Infection and Risk Perception, Knowledge, Attitude, and Four Nonpharmaceutical Interventions During the Late Period of the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: Online Cross-Sectional Survey of 8158 Adults.

Background: So far, there have been no published population studies on the relationship between a COVID-19 infection and public risk perception, information source, knowledge, attitude, and behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak in China.

Objective: This study aims to understand the relationships between COVID-19 infection; four personal nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs; handwashing, proper coughing habits, social distancing, and mask wearing); and public risk perception, knowledge, attitude, and other social demographic variables.

Methods: An online survey of 8158 Chinese adults between February 22 and March 5, 2020, was conducted.

Do multigenerational living arrangements influence depressive symptoms in mid-late life? Cross-national findings from China and England.

Background: While living alone predicts depression in diverse ageing populations, the impact of multigenerational living is unclear. This study compared mid-late life depressive symptoms by living arrangements between societies with distinct kinship ties.

Methods: Repeated data on depressive symptoms and living arrangements over 4 years from 16,229 Chinese (age≥45) and 10,403 English adults (age≥50) were analyzed using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression.

The relationship between living arrangements and higher use of hospital care at middle and older ages: to what extent do observed and unobserved individual characteristics explain this association?

Background: Previous research has shown that certain living arrangements, such as living alone, are associated with worse health at older ages. We assessed the association between living arrangements and hospital care use among middle-aged and older adults, and investigated to what extent observed and unobserved individual characteristics explain this association.

Methods: Longitudinal Finnish registry data for men and women aged 50-89 years were used for the period 1987-2007.

Life course socioeconomic position and incidence of mid-late life depression in China and England: a comparative analysis of CHARLS and ELSA.

Background: Despite the growing prevalence of depression in the Chinese elderly, there is conflicting evidence of life course socioeconomic position (SEP) and depression onset in China, and whether this association is akin to that observed in Western societies. We compared incident risk of mid-late life depression by childhood and adulthood SEP in China and England, a country where mental health inequality is firmly established.

Methods: Depression-free participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (N=8508) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (N=6184) were studied over 4 years.

Rural-urban disparities in age trajectories of depression caseness in later life: The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: No consensus has been reached on whether depression decreases or increases with age in later life. Majority of the evidence comes from Western societies, while little is known about this relationship and its rural-urban disparities in the Chinese context.

Methods: Three waves of data from 15,501 Chinese adults aged 45-85 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, Chinese sister study of Health and Retirement Study, were used.

Childhood adversity and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older Chinese: results from China health and retirement longitudinal study.

A number of studies have established the link between childhood adversity (CA) and depression across the life span. This association can be culturally specific, and it remains unclear whether and how different aspects of CA affect depressive symptoms in later life in non-Western societies. Data were from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2011, 2013, 2014 (Life Event History survey) and 2015 (N = 13,710).

Mediterranean diet and physical functioning trajectories in Eastern Europe: Findings from the HAPIEE study.

Background: Unhealthy diet may increase the risk of impaired physical functioning in older age. Although poor diet and limited physical functioning both seem to be particularly common in Eastern Europe, no previous study has assessed the relationship between these two factors in this region. The current analysis examined the association between overall diet quality and physical functioning in Eastern European populations.