Treatment strategies for elderly patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery remains a standard of care for resectable esophageal cancer (EC), and definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) is an alternative for unresectable diseases. However, it is controversial for the use of the two aggressive regimens in elderly patients.

Methods: We systematically searched multiple databases for studies comparing overall survival (OS) and/or progression-free survival (PFS) between dCRT and surgery (nCRT + surgery or surgery alone) or between dCRT and radiotherapy (RT) alone in elderly patients (age ≥ 65 years) until March 28, 2024.

Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Cancer: A Revisited Review from Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies.

The sirtuin (SIRT) family is well-known as a group of deacetylase enzymes that rely on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Among them, mitochondrial SIRTs (SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5) are deacetylases located in mitochondria that regulate the acetylation levels of several key proteins to maintain mitochondrial function and redox homeostasis. Mitochondrial SIRTs are reported to have the Janus role in tumorigenesis, either tumor suppressive or oncogenic functions.

Targeting selective autophagy and beyond: From underlying mechanisms to potential therapies.

Background: Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved turnover process for intracellular substances in eukaryotes, relying on lysosomal (in animals) or vacuolar (in yeast and plants) mechanisms. In the past two decades, emerging evidence suggests that, under specific conditions, autophagy can target particular macromolecules or organelles for degradation, a process termed selective autophagy. Recently, accumulating studies have demonstrated that the abnormality of selective autophagy is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of many human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancers, metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases.

First-line treatment with TKI plus brain radiotherapy versus TKI alone in EGFR-mutated non-small cell Lung cancer with brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: It remains uncertain whether first-line treatment with upfront brain radiotherapy (RT) in combined with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) is superior to EGFR-TKIs alone for EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer with newly diagnosed brain metastases (BMs). Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to address this issue.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for eligible studies published until February 28, 2023.

The Corneal Ectasia Model of Rabbit: A Validity and Stability Study.

Keratoconus is a bilateral progressive degenerative corneal disease characterized by localized corneal thinning and dilatation. The pathogenesis of keratoconus is not fully elucidated. To gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease and to explore potential treatments, animal models are essential for basic research.

Comparative study of functional optical zone: small incision lenticule extraction versus femtosecond laser assisted excimer laser keratomileusis.

Aim: To investigate the size of functional optical zone (FOZ) after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) versus femtosecond laser assisted excimer laser keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for myopia correction and potential associated factors for FOZ.

Methods: A total of 133 patients who received corneal refractive surgery in our hospital between November 2018 and July 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. There were 63 patients (123 eyes) in SMILE group and 70 patients (139 eyes) in FS-LASIK group.

Analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia and Corvis ST parameters for subclinical keratoconus.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the parameters in the Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display built in Pentacam, which is designed for the screening of subclinical keratoconus (SKC) built in Pentacam, and the parameters in Corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology (Corvis ST).

Methods: A retrospective study: The fellow eyes of unilateral keratoconus cases were diagnosed with SKC. Patients presented to Shanxi Eye Hospital with SKC from October 2020 to November 2021 were included as the SKC group, and myopic patients undergoing corneal refractive surgery at the Refractive Surgery Department in our hospital within the same period were included as the control group.

[Effects of SMILE with different residual stromal thicknesses on corneal biomechanical properties of rabbits in vivo].

Femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) with different residual stromal thicknesses (RST) is set to investigate its effect on corneal biomechanical properties of rabbits . In this study, 24 healthy adult Japanese rabbits were randomly divided into group A and B. The RST of group A was set 30% of the corneal central thickness (CCT), and the RST of group B was 50% of the CCT.

Comparison of Two Cyberknife Planning Approaches for Multiple Brain Metastases.

Purpose: To compare the delivery efficiency, plan quality, and planned treatment volume (PTV) and normal brain dosimetry between different Cyberknife planning approaches for multiple brain metastases (MBM), and to evaluate the effects of the number of collimators on the related parameters.

Methods: The study included 18 cases of MBM. The Cyberknife treatment plans were classified as Separate or Combined.

Local Immunosuppression in Wuzhishan Pig to Rhesus Monkey Descemet's Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty: An Innovative Method to Promote the Survival of Xenografts.

Introduction: Corneal xenotransplantation is an effective solution for human corneal shortage. We investigated the feasibility and efficacy of different postoperative protocols on xeno-Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) grafts.

Methods: Thirty rhesus monkeys were randomly divided into three groups: control group (C) and only Descemet's membrane (DM) stripping, DSAEK 1 (D1) and DSAEK 2 (D2) groups, DM stripping followed by endothelial keratoplasty.

Hotspots and trends in liver kinase B1 research: A bibliometric analysis.

Introduction: In the past 22 years, a large number of publications have reported that liver kinase B1 (LKB1) can regulate a variety of cellular processes and play an important role in many diseases. However, there is no systematic bibliometric analysis on the publications of LKB1 to reveal the research hotspots and future direction.

Methods: Publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), Scopus, and PubMed databases.

Therapeutic potential of Rho-associated kinase inhibitor Y27632 in corneal endothelial dysfunction: an and study.

Aim: To investigate the effects of a selective inhibitor of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), Y-27632, on inbred Wuzhishan porcine corneal endothelial cells (PCECs) and studies.

Methods: Primary PCECs were trypsinized from Wuzhishan miniature porcine corneal tissues. The optimal concentration of Y-27632 on PCECs was determined through MTT and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU)-labeling assays.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes of Penetrating Keratoplasty Versus Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty for Keratoconus.

Objectives: In recent years, there have been rapid advances in the field of keratoconus. Penetrating keratoplasty and deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty are the standard surgical procedures. Nevertheless, controversy remains regarding the outcomes of both procedures in the treatment of keratoconus.

Clinicopathologic Features and Treatment Characteristics of Congenital Corneal Opacity Infants and Children Aged 3 Years or Less: A Retrospective Single Institution Analysis.

Objective: In this retrospective single institution study, we investigated the clinicopathologic features and treatment characteristics of 90 patients with congenital corneal opacities (CCO) (117 eyes) who were 3 years and younger and treated at our hospital.

Subject And Methods: We reviewed the clinical data of patients with CCO who presented for the first time for treatment at our hospital between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2017. CCO were classified using the "STUMPED" (Sclerocornea, Tears in Descement's membrane, Metabolic, Peters, Endothelial dystrophy and Dermoid) method and confirmed by pathological examination.

Reducing porcine corneal graft rejection, with an emphasis on porcine endogenous retrovirus transmission safety: a review.

Donor cornea shortage is a primary hurdle in the development of corneal transplantation. Of all species, porcine corneas are the ideal transplantation material for humans. However, the xenoimmune rejection induced by porcine corneal xenotransplantation compromises surgical efficacy.

Long-term safety of laser keratomileusis in eyes with thin corneas: 5-year follow-up.

Aim: To investigate the long term (≥5y) efficacy, predictability, and safety of laser keratomileusis (LASIK) in eyes with thin corneas [central corneal thickness (CCT) <500 µm].

Methods: A total of 339 patients met the criteria of this study. Finally, 175 eyes of 89 patients who had thin corneas and underwent LASIK≥5y ago returned to our clinic and included in this study.