Comparison of High-Flow Nasal Cannula with Conventional Oxygen Therapy in Patients with Hypercapnic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) compared with conventional oxygen therapy (COT) in patients with hypercapnic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO), arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO), respiratory rate (RR), treatment failure, exacerbation rates, adverse events and comfort evaluation.

Patients And Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were retrieved from inception to September 30, 2022. Eligible trials were randomized controlled trials and crossover studies comparing HFNC and COT in hypercapnic COPD patients.

Tuning a small electron polaron in FePO by P-site or O-site doping based on DFT+ and KMC simulation.

Due to the existence of a small polaron, the intrinsic electronic conductivity of olivine-structured LiFePO is quite low, limiting its performance as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Previous studies have mainly focused on improving intrinsic conductivity through Fe-site doping while P-site or O-site doping has rarely been reported. Herein, we studied the formation and dynamics of the small electron polaron in FePXO and FePOZ by employing the density functional theory with the on-site Hubbard correction terms (DFT+) and Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation, where X and Z indicate the doping elements (X = S, Se, As, Si, V; Z = S, F, Cl), and and β indicate the light doping at the P position ( = 0.

A Novel Algorithm for Thickness Prediction in Incremental Sheet Metal Forming.

Incremental sheet metal forming characterized as increased flexibility and local plastic deformation is well suitable for low-production-run manufacturing and a new sample trial production of complex shapes. Thickness thinning is still an obstacle to the application of incremental forming. In this study, a novel mathematical algorithm based on a non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surface was proposed and implemented which focuses on predicting and calculating the final thickness for arbitrary parts in incremental forming.

Ni/Li Disordering in Layered Transition Metal Oxide: Electrochemical Impact, Origin, and Control.

Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) not only power most of today's hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and electric vehicles (EV) but also are considered as a promising system for grid-level storage. Large-scale applications for LIBs require substantial improvement in energy density, cost, and lifetime. Layered lithium transition metal (TM) oxides, in particular, Li(NiMnCo)O (NMC, + + = 1) are the most promising candidates as cathode materials with the potential to increase energy densities and lifetime, reduce costs, and improve safety.