Ethylamine, beyond the synthetic precursor of theanine: CsCBF4-CsAlaDC module promoted ethylamine synthesis to enhance osmotic tolerance in tea plants.

The tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is a perennial green plant, and its tender leaves are rich in secondary metabolites, such as theanine. Ethylamine (EA), a small amine, is an important prerequisite for theanine synthesis. However, beyond its involvement in theanine synthesis, the other physiological functions of EA in tea plants remain unknown.

Integrated Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals That Amino Acid Biosynthesis May Determine Differences in Cold-Tolerant and Cold-Sensitive Tea Cultivars.

Cold stress is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting tea production. The planting of cold-resistant tea cultivars is one of the most effective measures to prevent chilling injury. However, the differences in cold resistance between tea cultivars remain unclear.

Microscopic and Transcriptomic Comparison of Powdery Mildew Resistance in the Progenies of × .

Powdery mildew is a widespread disease in rapeseed due to a lack of resistant germplasm. We compared the foliar epidermal features and transcriptomic responses between the resistant (R) and susceptible (S) plants among the two parents and progenies of × . The amount of cuticular wax and callose deposition on the R plants was much lower than that on the S plants; hence, these chemicals are not all essential to pre-penetration resistance, although the cuticular wax on the R plants had more needle-like crystals.

Enhancement of Green Tires Performance through Ultrasound-Assisted Mixing.

Combined with the traditional internal mixing process, a custom-built ultrasonic generator was introduced in this study. The effect of ultrasonic parameters on the comprehensive performance of tread rubber formulations was investigated. Compared to the traditional mixing process without ultrasonic wave loading, the introduction of ultrasonic enhanced the dispersion and distribution of composite particles in the rubber matrix and improved the overall performance of rubber products.

Genome-Wide Characterization of the C-repeat Binding Factor (CBF) Gene Family Involved in the Response to Abiotic Stresses in Tea Plant ().

C-repeat (CRT)/dehydration responsive element (DRE)-binding factor CBFs, a small family of genes encoding transcriptional activators, play important roles in plant cold tolerance. In this study, a comprehensive genome-wide analysis was carried out to identify and characterize the functional dynamics of in tea plant (). A total of 6 genes were obtained from the tea plant genome and named .

Application of Protein-Based Films and Coatings for Food Packaging: A Review.

As the IV generation of packaging, biopolymers, with the advantages of biodegradability, process ability, combination possibilities and no pollution to food, have become the leading food packaging materials. Biopolymers can be directly extracted from biomass, synthesized from bioderived monomers and produced directly by microorganisms which are all abundant and renewable. The raw materials used to produce biopolymers are low-cost, some even coming from agrion dustrial waste.