Causal Relationships between Circulating Immune Cell Traits and the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are prevalent chronic joint disorders with immunological pathogenesis. However, the causal relationships between circulating immune cells and them remain largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to determine their causal relationship.

Advances of carbon-based materials for activating peracetic acid in advanced oxidation processes: A review.

In recent years, the peracetic acid (PAA)-based advanced oxidation process (AOPs) has garnered significant attention in the field of water treatment due to rapid response time and environmentally-friendliness. The activation of PAA systems by diverse carbon-based materials plays a crucial role in addressing emerging environmental contaminants, including various types, structures, and modified forms of carbon materials. However, the structural characteristics and structure-activity relationship of carbon-based materials in the activation of PAA are intricate, while the degradation pathways and dominant active species exhibit diversity.

Simultaneous Oxidation of Bromide and Dissolution of Manganese Oxide Induced by Freezing.

This study demonstrates that the oxidation of bromide by birnessite (δ-MnO) results in the concurrent production of soluble manganese (Mn(II)) and reactive bromine (RBr) species in frozen solutions, a process not observed in aqueous solutions. This enhanced oxidation in ice is attributed to the concentration of protons, birnessite, or bromide in the ice grain boundary region. Furthermore, different types of commercial manganese oxides can also oxidize bromide to RBr and release Mn(II) in ice.

Causal relationship between circulating immune cells and inflammatory bowel disease: A Mendelian randomization analysis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract that includes Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although IBD is associated with elevated levels of innate and adaptive immunity, the relationship between circulating immune cells and IBD remains largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to determine their causal relationship.

Unveiling the fate of metal leaching in bimetal-catalyzed Fenton-like systems: pivotal role of aqueous matrices and machine learning prediction.

Metal-based catalytic materials exhibit exceptional properties in degrading emerging pollutants within Fenton-like systems. However, the potential risk of metal leaching has become pressing environmental concern. This study addressed scientific issues pertaining to the leaching behavior and control strategies for metal-based catalytic materials.

Sequential bio-treatment of ammonia-rich wastewater from Chinese medicine residue utilization: Regulation of dissolved oxygen.

To effectively treat actual ammonia-rich Chinese medicine residue (CMR) resource utilization wastewater, we optimized an anaerobic-microaerobic two-stage expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) and moving bed sequencing batch reactor (MBSBR) combined process. By controlling dissolved oxygen (DO) levels, impressive removal efficiencies were achieved. Microaeration, contrasting with anaerobic conditions, bolstered dehydrogenase activity, enhanced electron transfer, and enriched the functional microorganism community.

Implementation and Evaluation of Discharge Planning for Patients Undergoing Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation.

BACKGROUND Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) patients have high rates of unplanned readmissions and poor quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of discharge planning on unplanned readmissions, self-efficacy, QoL, and clinical outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients who received their first UCBT from April 2022 to March 2023 were included.

RGS19 activates the MYH9/β-catenin/c-Myc positive feedback loop in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common fatal cancers worldwide, and the identification of novel treatment targets and prognostic biomarkers is urgently needed because of its unsatisfactory prognosis. Regulator of G-protein signaling 19 (RGS19) is a multifunctional protein that regulates the progression of various cancers. However, the specific function of RGS19 in HCC remains unclear.

Mer activation ameliorates nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by regulating microglial polarization and neuroinflammation via SOCS3 in male rats.

Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that M1 microglial polarization and neuroinflammation worsen the development of neuropathic pain. However, the mechanisms underlying microglial activation during neuropathic pain remain incompletely understood. Myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase (Mer), which is a member of the Tyro-Axl-Mer (TAM) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, plays a crucial role in the regulation of microglial polarization.

How hetero-single-atom dispersion reconstructed electronic structure of carbon materials and regulated Fenton-like oxidation pathways.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged as competitive candidates for Fenton-like oxidation of micro-pollutants in water. However, the impact of metal insertion on the intrinsic catalytic activity of carrier materials has been commonly overlooked, and the environmental risk due to metal leaching still requires attention. In contrast to previous reports, where metal sites were conventionally considered as catalytic centers, our study investigates, for the first time, the crucial catalytic role of the carbon carrier modulated through hetero-single-atom dispersion and the regulation of Fenton-like oxidation pathways.

Evaluation of nocturnal apnea and airflow limitation as indicators for cognitive dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome overlap syndrome.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate how much intermittent hypoxemia and airflow limitation contribute to cognitive impairment in overlap syndrome (OS), which is the coexistence of two common diseases, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with OSAHS, COPD or OS, compared with normal controls, to determine the association between sleep apnea/pulmonary function-related indicators and cognitive dysfunction in individuals with OSAHS, COPD or OS.

Results: A total of 157 participants were recruited.

Perioperative acute kidney injury: The renoprotective effect and mechanism of dexmedetomidine.

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective and potent α2-adrenoceptor (α2-AR) agonist that is widely used as a clinical anesthetic to induce anxiolytic, sedative, and analgesic effects. In recent years, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated that DEX protects against acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by sepsis, drugs, surgery, and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in organs or tissues, indicating its potential role in the prevention and treatment of AKI. In this review, we summarized the evidence of the renoprotective effects of DEX on different models of AKI and explored the mechanism.

Omaveloxolone ameliorates isoproterenol-induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy in mice.

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcriptional regulator that plays a protective role against various cardiovascular diseases. Omaveloxolone is a newly discovered potent activator of Nrf2 that has a variety of cytoprotective functions. However, the potential role of omaveloxolone in the process of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure are still unknown.

Psychological Effects of a Structured Exercise Intervention During Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation in Children and Adolescents.

Background: Children and adolescents undergoing umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) are faced with severe fatigue and a decline in quality of life (QoL) during the inpatient period.

Objective: To investigate the effect of a structured exercise intervention on fatigue, QoL and clinical outcomes among children and adolescents during UCBT.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, participants (n = 48) were randomized to a control group (CG: usual care) or an intervention group (IG: a structured exercise intervention).

TMEM147 aggravates the progression of HCC by modulating cholesterol homeostasis, suppressing ferroptosis, and promoting the M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages.

Background: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) regulates critical processes, including lipid synthesis, which are affected by transmembrane proteins localized in the ER membrane. One such protein, transmembrane protein 147 (TMEM147), has recently been implicated for its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the role of TMEM147 in HCC and the underlying mechanisms.

Enhanced Oxidation of Organic Compounds by the Ferrihydrite-Ferrate System: The Role of Intramolecular Electron Transfer and Intermediate Iron Species.

Previous studies mostly held that the oxidation capacity of ferrate depends on the involvement of intermediate iron species (i.e., Fe/Fe), however, the potential role of the metastable complex was disregarded in ferrate-based heterogeneous catalytic oxidation processes.

Detection of Interaction Effects in a Nonparametric Concurrent Regression Model.

Many methods have been developed to study nonparametric function-on-function regression models. Nevertheless, there is a lack of model selection approach to the regression function as a functional function with functional covariate inputs. To study interaction effects among these functional covariates, in this article, we first construct a tensor product space of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and build an analysis of variance (ANOVA) decomposition of the tensor product space.

Identification of MIR600HG/hsa-miR-342-3p/ANLN network as a potential prognosis biomarker associated with lmmune infiltrates in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the tumors with the worst prognosis, causing serious harm to human health. The RNA network and immune response play an important role in tumor progression. While a systematic RNA network linked to the tumor immune response remains to be further explored in pancreatic cancer.

Anaesthesia-related mortality within 24 h following 9,391,669 anaesthetics in 10 cities in Hubei Province, China: a serial cross-sectional study.

Background: The mortality risk related to anaesthesia in China remains poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anaesthesia-related mortality in terms of its incidence, changes, causes and preventability in Hubei, China, between 2017 and 2021 using a series of annual surveys.

Methods: We prospectively collected information on patient, surgical, anaesthesia, and hospital characteristics for 9,391,669 anaesthesia procedures performed between 2017 and 2021 in 10 cities within Hubei Province, China.

MG53 ameliorates nerve injury induced neuropathic pain through the regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in rats.

Neuropathic pain is one of the most common types of chronic pain, and it arises as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease that affects the somatosensory system. Mitsugumin53 (MG53), which is a member of the TRIM family of proteins and is known as TRIM72, exerts protective effects on muscle, lung, kidney, brain, and other cells or tissues. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated that MG53 plays a vital role in regulating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.

RNF125 attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by downregulating SRSF1-ERK pathway.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly malignant cancers worldwide. Research into the crucial genes responsible for maintaining the aggressive behaviour of cancer cells is important for the clinical treatment of HCC. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the E3 ubiquitin ligase Ring Finger Protein 125 (RNF125) plays a role in the proliferation and metastasis of HCC.

Light and nitrogen vacancy-intensified nonradical oxidation of organic contaminant with Mn (III) doped carbon nitride in peroxymonosulfate activation.

Recently, Mn-based materials have a great potential for selective removal of organic contaminants with the assistance of oxidants (PMS, HO) and the direct oxidation. However, the rapid oxidation of organic pollutants by Mn-based materials in PMS activation still presents a challenge due to the lower conversion of surface Mn (III)/Mn (IV) and higher reactive energy barrier for reactive intermediates. Here, we constructed Mn (III) and nitrogen vacancies (Nv) modified graphite carbon nitride (MNCN) to break these aforementioned limitations.

Insight into Chinese medicine residue biochar combined with ultrasound for persulfate activation in atrazine degradation: Acanthopanax senticosus precursors, synergistic effects and toxicity assessment.

The synergistic activation of persulfate by multiple factors could degrade pollutants more efficiently. However, the co-activation method based on metal ions has the risk of leakage. The non-metallic coupling method could achieve the same efficiency as the metal activation and meanwhile release environmental stress.

Comprehensive analysis of the prognostic value and functions of prefoldins in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Prefoldins (PFDNs), a group of proteins known to be associated with cytoskeletal rearrangement, are involved in tumor progression in various cancer types. However, little is known about the roles of PFDNs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we investigated the transcriptional and survival data of PFDNs from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

A review of neonatal peripherally inserted central venous catheters in extremely or very low birthweight infants based on a 3-year clinical practice: Complication incidences and risk factors.

Background: The application of peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs) in neonates has proven effective in avoiding repetitive insertions and excessive use of transfusion consumables. However, the frequent occurrence of PICC-associated complications deserves special attention, especially in extremely or very low birthweight (E/VLBW) infants, which in turn affects the quality of neonatal PICC practice. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective study of a 3-year clinical practice of neonatal PICCs in E/VLBW infants to understand the incidences of various catheter-related complications and their risk factors to help form an empirical summary and evidence-based guidance for the improvement of practice.