Somatostatin-expressing interneurons of prefrontal cortex modulate social deficits in the Magel2 mouse model of autism.

Dysfunction in social interactions is a core symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms underlying social deficits in ASD are poorly understood. By integrating electrophysiological, in vivo fiber photometry, viral-mediated tracing, optogenetic and pharmacological stimulation, we show reduced intrinsic excitability and hypoactivity of SOM interneurons in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in Magel2-deficient mice, an established ASD model, were required to social defects.

Temporal trends of avoidable mortality among children under-five in China from 2004 to 2021.

Background: Avoidable mortality (AM) refers to deaths preventable through effective prevention measures or timely medical treatment, and reducing AM is crucial for improving child survival rates. We conducted an analysis of the situation and temporal trends of AM among under-five (U5) children in China.

Methods: Data were extracted from the China Death Surveillance Dataset.

The host susceptibility/resistance-related genes and gut microbial characteristics in -infected chickens.

Pullorum disease is a bacterial disease caused by in chickens, which is characterized by gastrointestinal infection and diarrhea. In traditional perspectives, research on pullorum disease primarily focused on clinical symptoms, epidemiological characteristics, and the pathogenic sites. This study, however, approaches the subject from the standpoint of host genetic basis and gut microbiota.

High-accuracy crRNA array assembly strategy for multiplex CRISPR.

Simultaneous targeting of multiple loci with the CRISPR system, a tool known as multiplex CRISPR, offers greater feasibility for manipulating and elucidating the intricate and redundant endogenous networks underlying complex cellular functions. Owing to the versatility of continuously emerging Cas nucleases and the use of CRISPR arrays, multiplex CRISPR has been implemented in numerous and studies. However, a streamlined, practical strategy for CRISPR array assembly that is both convenient and accurate is lacking.

Developmental and neurotoxic effects of dimethyl phthalate on zebrafish embryos and larvae.

Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) has been extensively utilized as a plasticizer on a global scale for many years. Its presence in the environment and its harmful effects on living organisms have raised concerns. This study aimed to examine its potential developmental neurotoxicity by utilizing zebrafish as a model.

Childhood hand, foot and mouth disease sequelae cohort study in Henan, China: cohort profile.

Purpose: The childhood hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) sequelae cohort study (HNHFMDCS) is an ambispective cohort study of patients with HFMD based in Henan Province, China, consisting of patients treated in a key hospital for the diagnosis and treatment of HFMD in Henan Province. The study aims to investigate the long-term sequelae of HFMD survivors and to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential harm caused by this infectious disease.

Participants: In the retrospective phase of the cohort study, children diagnosed with HFMD from January 2014 to January 2023 were included, and clinical and demographic information about the patients was collected through a self-developed questionnaire.

Arginine depletion-induced autophagy and metabolic dysregulation are involved in the disease severity of hand, foot, and mouth disease.

Amino acid metabolism provides significant insight into the development and prevention of many viral diseases. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the amino acid profiles of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) patients with those of healthy individuals and to further reveal the molecular mechanisms of HFMD severity. Using UPLC-MS/MS, we determined the plasma amino acid expression profiles of pediatric patients with HFMD (mild,  = 42; severe, = 43) and healthy controls ( = 25).

Impact of gut microbiota on metabolic syndrome and its comprising traits: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is on the rise globally. Understanding the etiology and discovering potential treatment target have become a priority. Observational data have linked gut microbiota with metabolic syndrome and its comprising traits.

A Biolayer Interferometry-Based SARS-COV-2 Mpro-Targeted Active Ingredients Recognition System: Construction and Application in Ligand Screening From Herbal Medicines.

Introduction: Drug discovery research targeting SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging pathogens remains critically important. Active compounds derived from plants frequently serve as lead compounds for further drug discovery; however, numerous unrelated chemical constituents in crude extracts may obscure the effective ingredients in LC-MS analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study is to construct a biolayer interferometry (BLI)-based system for recognizing active ingredients that inhibit the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 and to identify the active chemical components binding to Mpro from herbal medicines.

Folic acid mitigates the developmental and neurotoxic effects of bisphenol A in zebrafish by inhibiting the oxidative stress/JNK signaling pathway.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread environmental endocrine disruptor (EED) that can cause various environmental and health issues by inducing oxidative stress. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in oxidative stress-mediated cellular damage. Although folic acid (FA) has demonstrated antioxidant properties, its potential protective effects against BPA-induced developmental and neurotoxicity, as well as the mechanisms involved in the JNK signaling pathway, are still not completely understood.

Advances in AAV-mediated gene replacement therapy for pediatric monogenic neurological disorders.

Pediatric monogenetic diseases encompass a spectrum of debilitating neurological disorders that affect infants and children, often resulting in profound cognitive and motor impairments. Gene replacement therapy holds immense promise in addressing the underlying genetic defects responsible for these conditions. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have emerged as a leading platform for delivering therapeutic genes due to their safety profile and ability to transduce various cell types, including neurons.

Early colorectal cancer diagnosis: A novel methylated stool DNA model enhanced the diagnostic efficiency.

Background: Methylated stool DNA (sDNA) is a reliable noninvasive biomarker for early colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. However, there are barely any diagnostic panels that can achieve both a sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90% simultaneously.

Objective: We aimed to identify a novel methylated sDNA panel and model for the early diagnosis of CRC.

A comprehensive review of AAV-mediated strategies targeting microglia for therapeutic intervention of neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases pose a significant health burden globally, with limited treatment options available. Among the various cell types involved in the pathogenesis of these disorders, microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, play a pivotal role. Dysregulated microglial activation contributes to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage, making them an attractive target for therapeutic intervention.

The mechanism of action and chemical synthesis of FDA newly approved drug molecules.

In 2023, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved 29 small molecule drugs.

Gender-specific association of multiple risk factors with neonatal moderate or severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) leads to different degrees of neurological sequelae. The incidence of HIE is relatively high, and the causal pathways leading to HIE are still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with HIE comparing differences between genders.

Pan-cancer analysis of the role of MPP7 in human tumors.

MAGUK p55 subfamily member 7, a part of the membrane palmitoylated protein subfamily, is an essential adapter that promotes epithelial cell polarity and has increasing significance in multiple cancers, including esophageal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This paper aims to determine the effect of the MAGUK p55 subfamily member 7 in various tumor types using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression database. A variety of software and web platforms, such as cBioPortal, GEPIA2, TIMER2, UALCAN, R, STRING, and DAVID, were used to obtain and analyze data.

[Comprehensive diagnosis and genetic analysis of two children with ring chromosome 18].

Objective: To clarify the genetic diagnosis of two children with ring chromosome 18 and explore their mechanisms and clinical phenotypes.

Methods: Two patients treated at the Children's Hospital of Henan Province respectively in June 2022 and March 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Genetic testing and diagnosis were carried out through copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq), G-banded chromosomal karyotyping, and whole exome sequencing (WES).

[Genetic analysis of a child with Dias-Logan syndrome due to variant of BCL11A gene].

Objective: To analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of a child featuring Dias-Logan syndrome.

Methods: A child with speech disorders and delayed psychomotor development from childhood who was admitted to the Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University in July 2022 was selected as the research subject. Clinical data of the child was collected.

[Clinical phenotype and molecular genetic analysis of seven children with CHARGE syndrome].

Objective: To explore the clinical phenotype and genetic etiology for seven children with CHARGE syndrome (CS).

Methods: Clinical data of seven children with CS diagnosed between March 2020 and December 2022 at the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University were analyzed. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples from the children and their parents, and subjected to whole exome sequencing.

A comprehensive review of new small molecule drugs approved by the FDA in 2022: Advance and prospect.

In 2022, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a total of 16 marketing applications for small molecule drugs, which not only provided dominant scaffolds but also introduced novel mechanisms of action and clinical indications.

[Clinical and genetic analysis of three children with Legius syndrome due to variants of SPRED1 gene].

Objective: To explore the clinical and genetic characteristics of three children with Leguis syndrome.

Methods: Three children suspected as Legius syndrome at the Henan Children's Hospital for precocious puberty or short stature from June 6, 2019 to August 25, 2022 were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data of the children were collected.