Genetic variants at 5p15 are associated with risk and early onset of gastric cancer in Chinese populations.

Genetic variants at 5p15 have been associated with multiple cancers risk, suggesting pleiotropic effect on cancer. We hypothesized that genetic variants at 5p15 are important in the development of gastric cancer. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the associations of genetic variants at 5p15 with gastric cancer based on our existing genome-wide association study (GWAS) data set of gastric cancer (1006 cases and 2273 controls), and replicated two promising loci in an independent case-control study with 1681 gastric cancer cases and 1705 controls in a Chinese population.

A germline variant N375S in MET and gastric cancer susceptibility in a Chinese population.

MET tyrosine kinase and its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), play a pivotal role in the activties of tumor cells. A germline missense variant in exon 2 of the MET gene, N375S (rs33917957 A>G), may alter the binding affinity of MET for HGF and thus modify the risk of tumorigenesis. In this study, we performed a case-control study to assess the association between N375S and gastric cancer risk in 1,681 gastric cancer cases and 1,858 cancer-free controls.

[An association study between transforming growth factor-β1 receptor 2 gene polymorphisms and essential hypertension].

Objective: To evaluate the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms located in the promoter of transforming growth factor-β1 receptor 2 (TGFBR2) gene and hypertension in Han Chinese population.

Methods: The subjects were recruited from the population of cluster sampling survey for essential hypertension (EH) in two townships of Yixing city, Jiangsu province in 2009. Overall, 2012 patients with hypertension and 2116 age (± 2 years) and sex-matched unrelated controls were selected.

TGFBR1 tagging SNPs and gastric cancer susceptibility: a two-stage case-control study in Chinese population.

The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a potent growth inhibitor primarily responsible for cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, and frequently perturbed during development of tumors, including gastric cancer. TGF-β receptor type I (TGFβR1) may be a modifier of cancer risk by constitutively decreasing the TGF-β inhibitory signals during early tumorigenesis and increasing the TGF-β signals in tumor progression. In this study, we hypothesized that genetic variants of TGFBR1 may influence the risk of gastric cancer.

A genetic variant in 3'-untranslated region of cyclooxygenases-2 gene is associated with risk of gastric cancer in a Chinese population.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) involves in multiple processes in carcinogenesis, including inflammation, apoptosis inhibition, immune response suppression, tumor cell invasion, and angiogenesis. COX-2 is overexpressed in various cancers, including gastric cancer. COX-2 is encoded by prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) gene.

Genetic variants at 1q22 and 10q23 reproducibly associated with gastric cancer susceptibility in a Chinese population.

Two recent genome-wide association studies reported significant associations of genetic variants at 1q22, 10q23 and 20p13 with gastric cancer (GC) risk in Chinese populations. However, these findings have not been confirmed in other independent studies. Here, we performed an independent case-control study in a Chinese population by genotyping three loci (rs4072037A>G at 1q22, rs2274223A>G at 10q23 and rs13042395C>T at 20p13) in 1681 GC cases and 1858 controls.

Evaluation of the association between the AC3 genetic polymorphisms and obesity in a Chinese Han population.

Background: AC3 is one of adenylyl cyclase isoforms involved in cAMP and insulin signaling pathway. Recent reports have demonstrated that the AC3 genetic polymorphisms are associated with obesity in a Swedish population. AC3 knock out mice exhibit obese when they age.

A nonsynonymous polymorphism in IL23R gene is associated with risk of gastric cancer in a Chinese population.

Interleukin-23 receptor (IL-23R) is a key element in T helper (Th)17 cell-mediated inflammatory process, which plays an important role in pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Genetic variants of IL-23R have been identified as the predisposing factors for immunopathologic process. In this study, we hypothesized that the functional genetic variants of IL-23R gene may modify the risk of gastric cancer.

A 5'-flanking region polymorphism in toll-like receptor 4 is associated with gastric cancer in a Chinese population.

Objective: Inflammation induced by H.pylori colonization in the stomach is related to the development of gastric cancer and the genetic variations of the genes involved in the immune responses modify the host response to the infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene, a key regulator of both innate and adaptive immunity, were related to the susceptibility to gastric cancer in a Chinese population.

Genetic variation of PSCA gene is associated with the risk of both diffuse- and intestinal-type gastric cancer in a Chinese population.

Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), a member of the LY-6/Thy-1 family of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface proteins, is considered to be involved in the cell-proliferation inhibition and/or cell-death induction activity. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs2976392 and rs2294008) in the PSCA gene were recently identified as the susceptibility loci of gastric cancer, especially in diffuse type. Therefore, this study was to investigate whether these 2 SNPs were associated with the risk of gastric cancer in Chinese population.

Promoter polymorphisms of IL2, IL4, and risk of gastric cancer in a high-risk Chinese population.

Interleukin 2 (IL2) is a typical Th1 cytokine, and interleukin 4 (IL4) is an inducible Th2 cytokine. These cytokines are critical mediators of the Th1/Th2 balance and apoptosis potential and involved in the process of inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis in human organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that functional variants in IL2 and IL4 were associated with risk of gastric cancer by genotyping two promoter polymorphisms in IL2 G-330T (rs2069762) and IL4 T-168C (rs2070874) in a case-control study of 1045 patients with incident gastric cancer and 1100 cancer-free controls in a high-risk Han Chinese population.

Potentially functional polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene and risk of gastric cancer.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the key mediator of angiogenesis, plays an important role in the development of different kind of tumors, including gastric cancer (GC). The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that genetic variants of VEGF are associated with risk of GC. We genotyped four potentially functional polymorphisms (-2578C > A, -1498T > C, -634G > C, and +936C > T) of the VEGF gene in a population-based case-control study of 540 GC cases and 561 frequency-matched cancer-free controls in a high risk Chinese population.

The role of IGFBP3 functional polymorphisms in the risk of gastric cancer in a high-risk Chinese population.

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their receptors play a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 is the most abundant insulin-like growth factor receptor in the serum and binds the majority of insulin-like growth factors. Studies reported that circulating level of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 was modulated by functional genetic variants of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 and, therefore, maybe associated with the risk of gastric cancer.

Better understanding the influence of cigarette smoking and indoor air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case-control study in Mainland China.

Background And Objective: Although the association between COPD and smoking status (non-smoking, ex-smoking and current smoking) and indoor air pollution in Chinese populations is well established, the link between COPD and the number of cigarettes smoked has not been examined. This study investigated the relationship between the total amount of cigarettes smoked (TACS) and indoor air pollution, with the risk of COPD among urban and rural Chinese adults.

Methods: A nested case-control study was performed using data collected in a large community survey (N = 29 319) conducted between October 2000 and March 2001 in Nanjing, China.

[Meta-analysis on the relationship between IL8-251 gene polymorphism and gastric cancer].

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between IL8-251 gene polymorphisms and gastric cancer.

Methods: Literatures were reviewed and selected based on the criteria for inclusion. The Meta-analysis software, REVMAN 4.

[Study on the association between total plasma homocysteine levels, dietary habits and the risk of gastric cancer].

Objective: To explore the relationship between total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) levels, dietary habits and susceptibility of gastric cancer (CGC) in Yangzhong and Yixing cities, the two high GC risk areas in Jiangsu province.

Methods: A population-based case-control study was conducted including 391 histologically-confirmed adenocarcinoma GC cases and 608 age and sex frequency-matched cancer-free controls. The plasma tHcy concentration was measured by enzymatic biochemical assay of homocysteine on microtiter plates, using crude lysate containing recombinant methionine 7-lyase.

Association study between hypertension and A/G polymorphism at codon 637 of the transporter associated with antigen processing 1 gene.

Unlabelled: To explore the effect of A/G polymorphisms at codon 637 of the transporter associated with antigen processing 1 (TAP1) gene on the risk of hypertension. A case-control study of epidemiology was conducted. The case group included 277 community-based patients (136 males and 141 females; mean age 58.

TGFB1 and TGFBR2 functional polymorphisms and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a case-control analysis in a Chinese population.

Purpose: Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) and its receptor II (TGF-betaRII) are two key components of TGF-beta signaling and play an important role in carcinogenesis. Several functional polymorphisms were identified in TGFB1 and TGFBR2 and associated with elevated serum or plasma level of TGF-beta1 and enhanced transcription activity of TGFBR2. This population-based case-control study was to evaluate the contribution of functional polymorphisms in TGFB1 C-509T, Leu10Pro and TGFBR2 G-875A to the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

[Study on the relationship between compositions of hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome].

Objective: To study the relationship between compositions of hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome among residents aged > or =20 years.

Methods: A stratified cluster sampling was conducted with 7887 dwellers recruited and examinaed. Blood samples were then collected for serum detection.

[Correlations of polymorphisms of TGFB1 and TGFBR2 genes to genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer].

Background & Objective: Transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signaling pathway plays an important role in the genesis and progression of tumors through regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The concentration of TGFbeta1 in plasma and the expression of TGFbeta receptor II (TGFbetaRII) are correlated to the development of certain tumors, including gastric cancer. This study was to explore the correlations of functional genetic variants in TGFB1 and TGFBR2 genes to the genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer.

Polymorphisms of MTHFD, plasma homocysteine levels, and risk of gastric cancer in a high-risk Chinese population.

Purpose: Accumulative evidence suggests that folate has a protective effect on gastric cancer. The methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD) plays an important role in folate and homocysteine metabolisms, and polymorphisms of MTHFD may result in disturbance of the folate-mediated homocysteine pathway. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that genetic variants of MTHFD and plasma homocysteine levels are associated with risk of gastric cancer and modulated by genotypes of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR).

Variant genotypes and haplotypes of the epidermal growth factor gene promoter are associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer in a high-risk Chinese population.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF), a ligand of the EGF receptor, plays a critical role in the development of gastric cancer. Genetic variants in its promoter region may influence transcription activity and contribute to gastric cancer predisposition. To test this hypothesis, we genotyped three EGF promoter polymorphisms (G61A, G-1380A, and A-1744G) in a case-control study of 675 gastric cancer cases and 704 cancer-free controls.

Variant alleles of TGFB1 and TGFBR2 are associated with a decreased risk of gastric cancer in a Chinese population.

Growing evidence suggests that the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathway occupies a central position in the signaling networks that control cell growth and differentiation. TGF-beta1 and its receptor TGF-betaRII have been correlated with the development of certain forms of cancer, including gastric cancer. We hypothesized that functional genetic variants in TGFB1 and TGFBR2 are associated with gastric cancer risk.