Pericytes augment glioblastoma cell resistance to temozolomide through CCL5-CCR5 paracrine signaling.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a prevalent and highly lethal form of glioma, with rapid tumor progression and frequent recurrence. Excessive outgrowth of pericytes in GBM governs the ecology of the perivascular niche, but their function in mediating chemoresistance has not been fully explored. Herein, we uncovered that pericytes potentiate DNA damage repair (DDR) in GBM cells residing in the perivascular niche, which induces temozolomide (TMZ) chemoresistance.

Preparation and Properties of Intrinsically Atomic-Oxygen Resistant Polyimide Films Containing Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) in the Side Chains.

The relatively poor atomic-oxygen (AO) resistance of the standard polyimide (PI) films greatly limits the wide applications in low earth orbit (LEO) environments. The introduction of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) units into the molecular structures of the PI films has been proven to be an effective procedure for enhancing the AO resistance of the PI films. In the current work, a series of POSS-substituted poly (pyromellitic anhydride-4,4'-oxydianiline) (PMDA-ODA) films (POSS-PI) with different POSS contents were synthesized via a POSS-containing diamine, -[(heptaisobutyl-POSS)propyl]-3,5-diaminobenzamide (DABA-POSS).

Preparation and Properties of Inherently Black Polyimide Films with Extremely Low Coefficients of Thermal Expansion and Potential Applications for Black Flexible Copper Clad Laminates.

In the current work, a series of black polyimide (PI) films with excellent thermal and dimensional stability at elevated temperatures were successfully developed. For this purpose, two aromatic diamines including 4,4'-iminodianline (NDA) and 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5- aminobenzimidazole (APBI) were copolymerized with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) to afford PIs containing imino groups (-NH-) in the molecular structures. The referenced PI film, PI-ref, was simultaneously prepared from PMDA and 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA).

Reduced Coefficients of Linear Thermal Expansion of Colorless and Transparent Semi-Alicyclic Polyimide Films via Incorporation of Rigid-Rod Amide Moiety: Preparation and Properties.

Semi-alicyclic colorless and transparent polyimide (CPI) films usually suffer from the high linear coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) due to the intrinsic thermo-sensitive alicyclic segments in the polymers. A series of semi-alicyclic CPI films containing rigid-rod amide moieties were successfully prepared in the current work in order to reduce the CTEs of the CPI films while maintaining their original optical transparency and solution-processability. For this purpose, two alicyclic dianhydrides, hydrogenated pyromellitic anhydride (HPMDA, I), and hydrogenated 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (HBPDA, II) were polymerized with two amide-bridged aromatic diamines, 2-methyl-4,4'-diaminobenzanilide (MeDABA, a) and 2-chloro-4,4'-diaminobenzanilide (ClDABA, b) respectively to afford four CPI resins.

Preparation and Characterization of Semi-Alicyclic Polyimide Resins and the Derived Alignment Layers for Liquid Crystal Display Technology.

Uniform alignment of rigid-rod liquid crystal (LC) molecules under applied voltage is critical for achievement of high-quality display for thin-film transistor-driven liquid crystal display devices (TFT-LCDs). The polymeric components that can induce the alignment of randomly aligned LC molecules are called alignment layers (ALs). In the current work, a series of organo-soluble polyimide (SPI) ALs were designed and prepared from an alicyclic dianhydride, hydrogenated 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (HBPDA), and various aromatic diamines, including 4,4'-methylenedianiline (MDA) for SPI-1, 4,4'-aminodianiline (NDA) for SPI-2, 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (TMMDA) for SPI-3, and 3,3'-diethyl-5,5'-dimethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane (DMDEDA) for SPI-4.

The landscape of immune microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma based on PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the tumor microenvironment immune types (TMIT) based on tumor cell programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) distribution and whether distinct TMIT subtypes (TMIT I, PD-L1 /TIL ; TMIT II, PD-L1 /TIL ; TMIT III, PD-L1 /TIL ; and TMIT IV, PD-L1 /TIL ) differentially affect clinical outcomes of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Methods And Results: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was applied to evaluate the expression of PD-L1 and the spatial distribution of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and CD8 TILs on the surgically resected specimens from 205 cases of LAC and 149 cases of SCC. PD-1 and CD8 TILs were more frequently distributed in SCC than those in LAC, regardless of their infiltrating in the tumor islets or stroma.