The Transformation Mechanism of Graphite to Hexagonal Diamond under Shock Conditions.

The formation of a hexagonal diamond represents one of the most intriguing questions in materials science. Under shock conditions, the graphite basal plane tends to slide and pucker to form diamond. However, how the shock strength determines the phase selectivity remains unclear.

Comparison between Zip-Type Skin Closure Device and Staple for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of zip-type skin closure device (SCD) and staple in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: Potential academic articles were identified from PubMed, Springer, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library from the inception of electronic databases to July 2020. The statistical analyses were performed with RevMan 5.

Identification of Key Candidate Proteins and Pathways Associated with Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma Based on Subcellular Proteomics and Bioinformatical Analysis.

TMZ resistance remains one of the main reasons why treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) fails. In order to investigate the underlying proteins and pathways associated with TMZ resistance, we conducted a cytoplasmic proteome research of U87 cells treated with TMZ for 1 week, followed by differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) screening, KEGG pathway analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, and validation of key candidate proteins in TCGA dataset. A total of 161 DEPs including 65 upregulated proteins and 96 downregulated proteins were identified.

Efficacy of intra-articular hyaluronic acid injections in hip osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

There is less credible evidence of using of intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) to treat hip osteoarthritis (OA). This study is to determine the therapeutic effects and risk of adverse events of HA administration for hip OA. The MEDLINE, Cochrane of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Clinical Trial Register and EMBASE, were searched for articles published.

Anterior approach versus posterior approach for Pipkin I and II femoral head fractures: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: We performed a meta-analysis, pooling the results from controlled clinical trials to compare the efficiency of anterior and posterior surgical approaches to Pipkin I and II fractures of the femoral head.

Methods: Potential academic articles were identified from the Cochrane Library, Medline (1966-2015.5), PubMed (1966-2015.

Effects of knee position on blood loss following total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, controlled study.

Objective: Blood loss following total knee arthroplasty is a serious side-effect of surgery and impacts on patient recovery and quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of postoperative knee position during recovery on blood loss and range of motion.

Methods: One hundred consecutive patients, with stage III or IV degenerative osteoarthritis, were enrolled in the study and randomized equally between two treatment groups: flexion and extension.

Safety and efficacy of intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty.

Tranexamic acid was intra-articularly injected in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to reduce blood loss and transfusion. However, no single study has been large enough to definitively determine whether it is safe and effective. To determine the safety and efficacy of intra-articular tranexamic acid in TKA, the authors searched various databases for relevant randomized controlled trials.

Computer navigation in total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Traditional operation frequently depends on experience of doctors and anatomic landmark visual observation, which often leads to deviation in acetabular prosthesis implantation. Computer navigation technique greatly improves accuracy of prosthesis implantation. The present meta-analysis aimed at assessing the accuracy and clinical significance of computer navigation for acetabular implantation.

Fibrin sealant before wound closure in total knee arthroplasty reduced blood loss: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: Fibrin sealant (FS) comprises a mixture of fibrinogen and thrombin that controls bleeding, reduces blood transfusions, improves tissue healing and shortens postoperative recovery time after various surgical procedures. However, no single study has been large enough to definitively determine whether fibrin sealant is safe and effective. We report a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of fibrin sealant in total knee arthroplasty.

Immunomodulatory activity of 3beta,6beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid in tumor-bearing mice.

3beta,6beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid (1) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from the rhizomes of Astilbe chinensis. To evaluate the in vivo antitumor potential and to elucidate its immunological mechanisms, effect of 1 on the growth of mouse-transplantable tumors, and the immune response in naive and tumor-bearing mice were investigated. The mice inoculated with mouse tumor cell lines were orally treated with 1 at the doses of 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg for 10 days.

Silkworm powder containing manganese superoxide dismutase regulated the immunity and inhibited the growth of Hepatoma 22 cell in mice.

The effects of SOD contained silkworm powder on immune regulation and inhibition against Hepatoma 22 tumor cells in vivo were investigated. The activity of natural killer cell (NK) and the ConA-stimulated spleen proliferation were measured. The results found that the SOD-contained silkworm powder caused an enhancement on NK cell activity, which implied this material modulated the immune system in mice in vivo.

Manganese superoxide dismutase expressed in silkworm larvae, Bombyx mori L enhances the NK activity and splenocyte proliferation against Sarcoma 180 tumor cells in vivo.

Natural killer cell (NK) is known as a major immune system in body through mediating cell death via several possible pathways, and one of three subpopulations of lymphocytes functioning as scavenger of tumor, virus infected cells etc. Our present results found that the SOD-contained silkworm larvae powder caused an enhancement of the effect on NK cell cytotoxicity, which implied this material modulated the immune system in mice in vivo. The NK cell activities of S180 tumor modeled mice treated with silkworm powder including SOD were enhanced significantly ranging from 30% to 48%, respectively, compare to a distilled water feeding control and silkworm powder without SOD.