Differential outcomes of jaw bone position after surgical-orthodontic treatment in three types of skeletal Class III asymmetry patients.

Background/purpose: Facial asymmetry is common in Class III patients requiring orthognathic surgery. This study aimed to analyze jaw bone position after surgical-orthodontic treatment in three types of skeletal Class III asymmetry patients.

Methods: The retrospective study included 30 Class III patients who underwent surgical-orthodontic treatment comprising LeFort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) without genioplasty.

Orodental malformations associated with human MSX1 sequence variants.

Background: MSX1 sequence variants have been known to cause human tooth agenesis (TA) with or without orofacial clefts. However, their roles during the whole processes of tooth development are not fully understood. This study aimed to characterize a 4-membered family with TA carrying a novel MSX1 pathogenic variant and investigate the disease mechanism.

Using Sparse Parts in Fused Information to Enhance Performance in Latent Low-Rank Representation-Based Fusion of Visible and Infrared Images.

Latent Low-Rank Representation (LatLRR) has emerged as a prominent approach for fusing visible and infrared images. In this approach, images are decomposed into three fundamental components: the base part, salient part, and sparse part. The aim is to blend the base and salient features to reconstruct images accurately.

Craniofacial and olfactory sensory changes after long-term unilateral nasal obstruction-an animal study using MMP-3-LUC transgenic rats.

Nasal obstruction exerts considerable physiological effects on the respiratory system and craniofacial morphology during the developmental stage. This study used MMP-3-LUC transgenic rats for in vivo tracking of long-term expression in the rat nasal region after unilateral nasal obstruction. Skeletal changes of the craniofacial, nasal, and sinus regions were measured through micro-computed tomography examination and analysis with 3D image processing and calculation.

Orthodontic correction of acquired open bite with TMJ degeneration: A retrospective study of outcomes and stability.

Background/purpose: Newly developed temporary anchorage devices (TADs) serve a strong orthodontic anchorage to intrude molars for correction of anterior open bite (AOB). We measured cephalometric changes in skeletal open bite patients which developed subsequently to temporomandibular joint disorders with bilateral point contacts at terminal molars.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited 32 patients who had been treated their TMD before orthodontic correction (overbite: -3.

Molecular signaling and mechanisms of low-level laser-induced gene expression in cells involved in orthodontic tooth movement.

Background: The study aimed to observe molecular signaling, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), to evaluate the alteration of gene expression by low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and the correlation between its mechanisms and the NF-kB pathway in cells involved in orthodontic tooth movement.

Methods: Osteoblast-like cells (MG63), immortalized periodontal ligament cells (iPDL), and M1 macrophage-like cells were irradiated by 980-nm LLLT with energy densities of 1 and 10 J/cm ΔΨm and intracellular ROS were monitored using fluorescent probes. The changes of mRNA expression were assessed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

PAX9 mutations and genetic synergism in familial tooth agenesis.

Familial tooth agenesis (FTA) is one of the most common craniofacial anomalies in humans. Loss-of-function mutations in PAX9 and WNT10A have been known to cause FTA with various expressivity. In this study, we identified five FTA kindreds with novel PAX9 disease-causing mutations: p.

PM2.5 Concentration Prediction Model: A CNN-RF Ensemble Framework.

Although many machine learning methods have been widely used to predict PM2.5 concentrations, these single or hybrid methods still have some shortcomings. This study integrated the advantages of convolutional neural network (CNN) feature extraction and the regression ability of random forest (RF) to propose a novel CNN-RF ensemble framework for PM2.

Occlusal function and electromyographic activity of masticatory muscles in skeletal Class III patients with different patterns of mandibular asymmetry.

Background: Although jaw asymmetry is commonly seen in skeletal Class III patients, its correlation with occlusal function and masticatory muscle activity has not been fully elucidated.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the occlusal function and masticatory muscle activity in skeletal Class III patients with various patterns of mandibular asymmetry.

Methods: Forty-two patients and 10 normal participants were examined.

Combination of VSLAM and a Magnetic Fingerprint Map to Improve Accuracy of Indoor Positioning.

With the continual advancement of positioning technology, people's use of mobile devices has increased substantially. The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) has improved outdoor positioning performance. However, it cannot effectively locate indoor users owing to signal masking effects.

Measurements of craniofacial morphology using photogrammetry in children with sleep-disordered breathing.

Objective: To assess the craniofacial morphology in children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) using nonradiation and readily accessible photogrammetry technique.

Methods: Included children aged 3-18 years with SDB-related symptoms from April 2019 to February 2020 in a tertiary center. All participants underwent craniofacial photogrammetry and overnight polysomnography (PSG).

Changes in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Pediatric Airway Measurements After Adenotonsillectomy in Patients With OSA.

Importance: Early intervention using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and adenotonsillectomy for children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may prevent impaired growth, adverse cardiovascular consequences, learning deficits, and poor quality of life.

Objective: To assess changes in CBCT airway measurements and polysomnography (PSG) parameters that occur after adenotonsillectomy in children with OSA and to determine whether CBCT changes are correlated with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) reduction.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary medical center from 2013 to 2016.

Biological properties of human periodontal ligament cell spheroids cultivated on chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol membranes.

Background/purpose: Multicellular spheroid cultures have attracted increasing attention in the field of periodontal regeneration. However, very few studies have reported the periodontal ligament (PDL) cell spheroid formation via biomaterials-induced processes. This study investigated the biological characteristics of human PDL cell spheroids formed on two hydrophilic polymer-based biomaterials, namely chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol.

Cyclic mechanical stretch regulates the AMPK/Egr1 pathway in tenocytes via Ca2+-mediated mechanosensing.

Purpose: Mechanical stimuli are essential for the maintenance of tendon tissue homeostasis. The study aims to elucidate the mechanobiological mechanisms underlying the maintenance of tenocyte homeostasis by cyclic mechanical stretch under high-glucose (HG) condition.

Materials And Methods: Primary tenocytes were isolated from rat Achilles tendon and 2D-cultured under HG condition.

Changes of blood-brain-barrier function and transfer of amyloid beta in rats with collagen-induced arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by synovial inflammation, cartilage damage, and systemic inflammation. RA is also associated with the occurrence of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, the impacts of RA on the function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the disposition of amyloid beta (Aβ), including BBB transport and peripheral clearance of Aβ, were investigated in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), an animal model with similarity to clinical and pathological features of human RA.

Adaptation to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Enhances Resistance of Oral Cancer Cells to Cisplatin by Up-Regulating Polymerase η and Increasing DNA Repair Efficiency.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is an adaptive program to cope with cellular stress that disturbs the function and homeostasis of ER, which commonly occurs during cancer progression to late stage. Late-stage cancers, mostly requiring chemotherapy, often develop treatment resistance. Chemoresistance has been linked to ER stress response; however, most of the evidence has come from studies that correlate the expression of stress markers with poor prognosis or demonstrate proapoptosis by the knockdown of stress-responsive genes.

Evaluation of Upper Airway in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

Objective: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers three-dimensional structures in assessing upper airway of patients. This study aims to compare the cone-beam computerized tomography scan measurements between children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and primary snoring.

Study Design: Case-control study.

Architectural changes in alveolar bone for dental decompensation before surgery in Class III patients with differing facial divergence: a CBCT study.

This study aimed to investigate alveolar bone change around mandibular anterior teeth during orthodontic decompensation in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and different vertical facial patterns. The records of 29 consecutive Class III patients selected from those pending two-jaw orthognathic surgery were divided into low (≤ 28°), average (30°-37°), and high (≥ 39°) mandibular plane angle (MPA) groups. The DICOM files of CBCT scans and STL files of digital dental models, taken before (T1) and after (T2) presurgical orthodontic treatment, were imported into Dolphin imaging software to reconstruct dentoskeletal images.

Simplified orthognathic surgical treatment using non-surgical asymmetric maxillary expansion: A case report.

Background: Transverse problems can be exacerbated by highly compensated occlusion in patients with skeletal asymmetry, which makes pre-surgical decompensation harder to achieve.

Objective: This case report describes a case of combined orthognathic surgery with facial asymmetry. We used pre-orthodontic surgical simulation to visualize the goal for presurgical orthodontics, planning for a one-jaw surgical treatment option.

Airway increase after open bite closure with temporary anchorage devices for intrusion of the upper posteriors: Evidence from 2D cephalometric measurements and 3D magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse morphological changes in the upper airways in patients with anterior open bite treated with temporary anchorage devices for intrusion of upper posterior teeth.

Materials And Methods: Twelve nonobese (body mass index: <25) anterior open bite patients between the ages of 19 and 44 years (mean age: 22.83 ± 8.

Aggregation of human dental pulp cells into 3D spheroids enhances their migration ability after reseeding.

Multicellular three-dimensional (3D) spheroids allow intimate cell-cell communication and cell-extracellular matrix interaction. Thus, 3D cell spheroids better mimic microenvironment in vivo than two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the behaviors of human dental pulp cells (DPCs) cultured on chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membranes.

Immune-Related Functional Differential Gene Expression in Koi Carp () after Challenge with .

In order to understand the molecular basis underlying the host immune response of koi carp (), Illumina HiSeq 2000 is used to analyze the muscle and spleen transcriptome of koi carp infected with (). assembly of paired-end reads yielded 69,480 unigenes, of which the total length, average length, N50, and GC content are 70,120,028 bp, 1037 bp, 1793 bp, and 45.77%, respectively.

970 nm low-level laser affects bone metabolism in orthodontic tooth movement.

Objective: During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), the speed of movement depends on the rate of bone turnover. In this study, we used a rat model to investigate the effect of 970 nm low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on OTM under different dose and frequency protocols.

Methods: We first compared the OTM rates between the OTM only control and the OTM + LLLT group (1250 J/cm) in Experiment 1 and showed that LLLT significantly increased OTM.

Efficacy of recombinant protein vaccines for protection against Nocardia seriolae infection in the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides.

A reverse vaccinology-based survey of potent antigens associated with fish nocardiosis was conducted using the largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, with an aim to develop subunit vaccines. The antigens selected from the virulent strain Nocardia seriolae 961113 include the gene products of NGL2579 (GAPDH), NGL5701 (MMP), NGL4377 (OCTase), NGL4486 (ABC transporter), NGL3372 (LLE), NGL3388 (GHf10), NGL6627 (Antigen-85), NGL6696 (Esterase), and NGL6936 (CBP). These antigens were heterologously expressed in E.

Periostin inhibits mechanical stretch-induced apoptosis in osteoblast-like MG-63 cells.

Background/purpose: Appropriate mechanical stress plays an important role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, whereas high-level mechanical stress may be harmful and compromise cell survival. Periostin, a matricellular protein, is essential in maintaining functional integrity of bone and collagen-rich connective tissue in response to mechanical stress. This study investigated whether or not high-level mechanical stretch induces cell apoptosis and the regulatory role of periostin in mechanical stretch-induced apoptosis in osteoblastic cells.