Association of a 7.9 kb Endogenous Retrovirus Insertion in Intron 1 of CD36 with Obesity and Fat Measurements in Sheep.

Background: Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) enhance genetic diversity in vertebrates, including sheep. This study investigates the role of Ov-ERV-R13-CD36 within CD36 gene and its association with phenotypic traits in sheep. Analyzing 58 sheep genomes revealed that ERVs constitute approximately 6.

Preservation of Soil Ruins After High Temperatures: Water Absorption and Compressive Strength.

Soil ruins hold historical significance and serve as witnesses to past civilizations. High temperatures cause soil moisture to evaporate and soil to shrink, leading to cracking issues and making preservation a global challenge. P(AA-AM-AMPS) (Acrylic acid -Acrylamide-2-Acrylamide-2-methy-propenesulfonic acid) composites solve this problem by combining absorbent materials with loess.

Urine electrooxidation for energy-saving hydrogen generation.

Urea electrooxidation offers a cost-effective alternative to water oxidation for energy-saving hydrogen production. However, its practical application is limited by expensive urea reactants and sluggish reaction kinetics. Here, we present an efficient urine electrolysis system for hydrogen production, using cost-free urine as feedstock.

Mechanical compression induces chondrocyte hypertrophy by regulating Runx2 O-GlcNAcylation during temporomandibular joint condyle degeneration.

Aims: Excessive chondrocyte hypertrophy is a common feature in cartilage degeneration which is susceptible to joint overloading, but the relationship between mechanical overloading and chondrocyte hypertrophy still remains elusive. The aim of our study was to explore the mechanism of mechanical compression-induced chondrocyte hypertrophy.

Methods: In this study, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) degeneration model was built through forced mandibular retrusion (FMR)-induced compression in TMJ.

Postoperative pancreatic fistula is higher in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis who develop a colon-transverse fistula.

Background: This study explores the association between the need for open necrosectomy (ON) during infected necrotizing pancreatitis (INP) treatment and the development of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) following definitive surgery (DS) for transverse colonic fistulas.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted at two tertiary hospitals and included patients who underwent DS for colonic fistula secondary to INP from January 2009 to December 2023. Patients were followed until hospital discharge.

Frailty in motion: Amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease cohorts display heterogeneity in multimorbidity classification and longitudinal transitions.

Background: Data-driven examination of multiple morbidities and deficits are informative for clinical and research applications in aging and dementia. Resulting profiles may change longitudinally according to dynamic alterations in extent, duration, and pattern of risk accumulation. Do such frailty-related changes include not only progression but also stability and reversion?

Objective: With cognitively impaired and dementia cohorts, we employed data-driven analytics to (a) detect the extent of heterogeneity in frailty-related multimorbidity and deficit burden subgroups and (b) identify key person characteristics predicting differential transition patterns.

Convergence and divergence in adolescent- and parent-reported daily parental positive reinforcement: Dynamic links with adolescent emotional and behavioral problems.

Parents and adolescents often hold concordant and discordant views on parenting behaviors. Scant research has explored short-term within-family dynamics of parent-adolescent congruency and discrepancy on parental positive reinforcement on a micro timescale. Adopting a month-long daily diary design, we examined the convergence and divergence among 86 dyads of adolescents ( = 14.

Selective Electrochemical CO Reduction to Ethylene or Ethanol via Tuning *OH Adsorption.

Selective electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CORR) into ethylene (CH) or ethanol (CHOH) is a high challenge. In this study, the rational manipulation of Cu defect sites was realized for the selective formation of CHOH and CH. Low-coordination amorphous and medium-coordination grain-boundary Cu defect sites with different *OH affinity were found to play a decisive role in the selective protonation of CHCHO*.

High-Performance Electrocatalysts of Potassium Lactate Oxidation for Hydrogen and Solid Potassium Acetate Production.

With the increasing use of polylactic acid (PLA), more attention is turning to its post-treatment. Current methods such as natural decomposition, composting, and incineration are limited by significant carbon dioxide emissions and resource waste. Here, an efficient electrocatalytic conversion approach is presented to transform PLA waste into high-value chemicals, particularly potassium acetate (AA-K).

Comparison of Volatile and Non-Volatile Compounds of Ice-Stored Large Yellow Croaker () Affected by Different Post-Harvest Handling Methods.

To compare the impact of different post-harvest handling methods on volatile and non-volatile compounds, a total of 54 live large yellow croakers were subjected to commercial slaughter (CS), spinal cord cutting (SCC), or spinal cord cutting and bleeding (SCCB). The fish samples were ice-stored for 72 h, followed by the analysis of volatile compounds using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and non-volatile compounds using LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics. The results revealed the detection of a total of 28 volatile organic compounds, with 23 being successfully identified, predominantly including alcohols, aldehydes, esters, ketones, and heterocyclic compounds.

Urea Complete Conversion to Compound Fertilizer in Industrial-Scale Tandem Reactors.

A compound fertilizer with NHHPO and KHPO offer significant advantages in enhancing both crop yield and quality. Ammonia (NH) is essential for the synthesis of the compound fertilizer, which was produced by an energy intensive chemical process. Developing efficient and environmental friendly methods to produce ammonia-containing compound fertilizers is crucial and extremely challenging.

Preliminary study on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of Cms1 ribosomal small subunit homolog promoting hepatocellular carcinoma progression via activation of the homolog family member A/yes-associated protein 1 signaling pathway.

Objective: The precise mechanism of action of cms1 ribosomal small subunit homolog (CMSS1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is yet unknown, although it may be essential to the malignant evolution of disease. The aim of this study was to reveal the role of CMSS1 in HCC and its possible mechanism.

Material And Methods: The expression of CMSS1 in different HCC cell lines was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.

Anionic polyelectrolyte-regulated cellulose nanocrystal-based hydrogels for controllable drug release.

The application of inorganic salt-regulated Hofmeister effects in cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)-based hydrogels is hindered by limitations, including poor biocompatibility and difficulties in achieving precise drug release. In this study, we show that the anionic polyelectrolyte regulated Hofmeister effect promotes the aggregation and crystallization of CNC and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) chains. This structural transformation significantly enhances the controllability of drug release in CNC-based hydrogels.

Trends in Blood Pressure Control in US Adult CKD Patients from 1999 to 2018.

Blood pressure (BP) control can slow down the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and protect against cardiovascular diseases, significantly improving patient survival. Herein, we analyzed the changes in BP control in adult CKD patients with hypertension in the United States from 1999-2000 to 2017-2018. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999-2000 to 2017-2018 were analyzed, including 5,510 adult CKD patients with BP above 140/90 mmHg or those under an antihypertensive regimen.

A ternary deep eutectic solvent for efficient biomass fractionation and lignin stabilization.

The efficient isolation and lignin stabilization are critical to the fractionation process of lignocellulosic biomass, enabling the subsequent valorization of both carbohydrates and lignin. In this study, a ternary deep eutectic solvent pretreatment system with outstanding reusability has been developed. Under optimal conditions (ChCl: MT: p-TsOH = 1:1:0.

Factors influencing the employed caregiver burden for patients with dementia residing in nursing homes: A cross-sectional study from China.

Objective: The institutionalization of care for patients with dementia is becoming a trend. Understanding the burden on employed caregivers and exploring associated factors are of great importance in practice. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between basic attributes, caring ability, and caregiver burden in employed caregivers practicing in nursing homes.

A Semi-Supervised Multi-Region Segmentation Framework of Bladder Wall and Tumor with Wall-Enhanced Self-Supervised Pre-Training.

Bladder cancer is a prevalent and highly recurrent malignancy within the urinary tract. The accurate segmentation of the bladder wall and tumor in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a crucial step in distinguishing between non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive types of bladder cancer, which plays a pivotal role in guiding clinical treatment decisions and influencing postoperative quality of life. The performance of data-driven methods is highly dependent on the quality of the annotations and datasets, however the amount of high-quality annotated data is very limited given the difficulty of professional radiologists to distinguish the mixed regions between the bladder wall and the tumor.

A 280 bp SINE insertion within the pig PLA2G16 could potentially modify gene expression through integration with its transcript.

In our previous study, we identified a Short Interspersed Nuclear Element Retrotransposon Insertion Polymorphism (SINE-RIP) within the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the Phospholipase A2 Group XVI (PLA2G16) gene, which is essential in lipid metabolism. In this study, we confirmed the presence of this 280 bp SINE insertion and examined its distribution across ten distinct pig breeds using PCR and sequencing. Subsequently, RT-PCR was employed to determine its potential for co-transcription.

Endocytosis, endoplasmic reticulum, actin cytoskeleton affected in tilapia liver under polystyrene microplastics and BDE acute co-exposure.

Studies showed that contaminants adhered to the surface of nano-polystyrene microplastics (NPs) have a toxicological effect. Juveniles tilapia were dispersed into four groups: the control group A, 75 nm NPs exposed group B, 5 ng·L 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether group C (BDE), and 5 ng·L BDE + 75 nm MPs group D, and acutely exposed for 2, 4 and 8 days. The hepatic histopathological change, enzymatic activities, transcriptomics, and proteomics, have been performed in tilapia.

Nomogram for predicting severe abdominal adhesions prior to definitive surgery in patients with anastomotic fistula post-small intestine resection: a cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the presence of severe intra-abdominal adhesions before definitive surgery (DS) for anastomotic fistula following small intestine resection (SIR).

Methods: Patients were enrolled from January 2009 to October 2023 and were randomly divided (2:1) into development and validation cohorts. Predictors of severe adhesion were identified and integrated into a nomogram.

Apoptosis, MAPK signaling pathway affected in tilapia liver following nano-microplastics and sulfamethoxazole acute co-exposure.

Studies showed that toxicants that adhered to the surface of nano-microplastics (NPs) have toxicological effects. Juvenile tilapia were divided into four groups namely the control group (A), 100 ng·L sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) group (B), 75 nm NPs group (C) and SMZ + 75 nm NPs group (D), and were exposed to an acute test for 2, 4 and 8 days. The hepatic histopathological changes, enzymatic activities, transcriptomics and proteomics analysis have been performed.

Corrosion-resistant NiFe anode towards kilowatt-scale alkaline seawater electrolysis.

Development of large-scale alkaline seawater electrolysis requires robust and corrosion-resistant anodes. Here we propose engineering NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based anodes by incorporating a series of anions into the LDH interlayers. The most optimal NiFe LDH anode with intercalated phosphates demonstrates stable operation at a high current density of 1.