Publications by authors named "Yao Yao"

Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is recruited to the lysosomal membrane by the active Rag heterodimer, where mTORC1 interacts with active Rheb for its activation. It has been shown that polyubiquitination of Rheb is crucial for enhancing its interaction with mTORC1 on the lysosome. However, the specific ubiquitin ligases for Rheb, which promotes mTORC1 activation, remain elusive.

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Objectives: Housing is an important social determinant of health. However, limited studies have focused on the relationship between housing quality and sarcopenia, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to examine the association between housing quality and sarcopenia in older adults in China and India.

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Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK), an ocular disease resulted from herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, leads to the majority of infectious corneal blindness worldwide. The apoptosis of corneal epithelial cells (CECs) resulted from HSV-1 disrupts the epithelial barrier and exacerbates the infection; however, there is no definitive cure for HSK. Jagged1 (JAG1), one of the primary functional ligands for NOTCH receptors, plays a crucial role in regulating apoptosis and autophagy; however, its role in HSK is unclear.

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Excessive intake of saturated fatty acids poses health risks, necessitating the development of healthier animal fat substitutes. In this study, high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) stabilized by egg yolk-hydroxypropyl distarch phosphate (EY-HPDSP) complex was used as a fat replacer in processed meat. The effect of fat replacement ratios (0 %, 50 %, 100 %) and reheating core temperature (75 ℃, 85 ℃, 95 ℃) on physico-chemical properties, microstructure and protein digestibility of processed meat was investigated.

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High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) can be used as suitable alternatives for saturated fatty acids. However, conventional approach for HIPEs preparation requires high energy-intensive production (e. g.

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Background: Ginsenosides, the primary active ingredients in Panax ginseng, are secondary metabolites. However, their content varies significantly across batches due to differences in environmental conditions and production methods. Ecological stress can increase the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, and ROS can enhance secondary metabolism.

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Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of electroacupuncture (EA) in preventing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).

Methods: Fifty-two patients with breast cancer in the regimen of taxane-assisted/neoadjuvant chemotherapy, were randomly divided into an EA group (26 cases, 3 cases dropped out) and a usual care (UC) group (26 cases, 1 case dropped out). In the UC group, on the basis of standard chemotherapy regimen, the routine nursing was administered.

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Introduction: We undertook an in-depth investigation of the data pertaining to pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) to identify potential targets for the development of precision therapies.

Material And Methods: The construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was based on overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in the GSE16515, GSE32676, and GSE125158 datasets. A subsequent bioinformatic analysis was performed on the interconnected genes within the PPI network, leading to the identification of the central gene, CENPN.

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The genetic basis of iridocyclitis, an inflammatory eye disease, remains poorly understood, particularly in relation to autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to explore the causal associations between 6 immune-related diseases and iridocyclitis using Mendelian randomization (MR). A total of 230 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis (AS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Graves disease (GD), Crohn disease (CD), and allergic contact dermatitis were identified based on stringent MR assumptions.

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As large clinical and multiomics datasets and knowledge resources accumulate, they need to be transformed into computable and actionable information to support automated reasoning. These datasets range from laboratory experiment results to electronic health records (EHRs). Barriers to accessibility and sharing of such datasets include diversity of content, size and privacy.

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Article Synopsis
  • Panax ginseng, a commonly used herbal medicine in Asia, relies on its roots and rhizomes, which contain ginsenosides, the main active compounds that enhance its adaptability to ecological stress.
  • A study involved applying water spray to create a short-term water stress scenario for 5-year-old P. ginseng roots, revealing significant increases in oxidative stress indicators and enzyme activities linked to ginsenoside production.
  • The water stress treatment resulted in notable boosts in various ginsenosides (e.g., Rg1 and Rb1) and a 40.1% increase in total saponins, highlighting the potential for water management to enhance the medicinal properties of P. ginseng.
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To address the challenge of chiral recognition in terms of efficiency and generality, we propose a novel fluorescence sensing approach by rationally designing metal-ion-responsive chiral molecular tweezers. The flexible and adaptable molecular tweezers enable facile recognition of 31 structurally varied chiral primary amine compounds, including amino acids, amino acid esters, and chiral amines. Notably, upon stimulation by zinc ions, the chiral molecular tweezers demonstrate a higher enantioselective fluorescence response.

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Newcastle disease virus (NDV) poses a significant threat to the poultry industry, with the emergence of genotype VII NDV leading to extensive outbreaks and economic losses. Vaccination is the primary means of controlling NDV, but the presence of maternal antibodies (MDAs) can interfere with the immunological effect of live virus vaccines. Thus, we constructed a chimeric NDV live virus vaccine, LX-OAI4S, by replacing the extracellular regions of the F and HN genes of the NDV LX strain with the corresponding regions of the A-VII vaccine strain.

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  • Developmental gene regulation relies on long-range communication between enhancers and promoters, which is not fully understood without considering the surrounding chromatin.
  • Researchers studied the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) regulatory region in mouse brains to understand its structural configurations, discovering that it often maintains a compact form that can adopt various layouts regardless of Shh expression.
  • They found that long-range enhancer-promoter interactions occur through both dependent and independent mechanisms of Shh expression, involving specific binding sites and active enhancers, leading to a proposed model that coordinates gene expression patterns.
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The placenta, serving as the crucial link between maternal and infant, plays a pivotal role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy. Placental dysplasia can lead to various complications, underscoring the importance of understanding trophoblast lineage development. During peri-implantation, the trophectoderm (TE) undergoes differentiation into cytotrophoblast (CTB), syncytiotrophoblast (STB), and extravillous trophoblast (EVT).

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Objective: To explore the effect of a positive psychology intervention based on the PERMA model on depressive mood and the quality of life of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: A total of 60 patients with PD with depression hospitalised between February 2022 and February 2023 were selected using a convenience sampling method. They were divided into a study group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases) using the random number table method.

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  • The study focuses on a new method for converting E-olefins to Z-alkenes using photocatalysis, specifically with hydroxyaromatic aldehyde as a sensitizer under blue light.
  • The process is quick and highly efficient, achieving a Z/E ratio of 92:8 in just 5 minutes, and can be scaled up successfully while showing reactivity towards various olefin derivatives.
  • This metal-free method is advantageous due to its efficiency, convenience, lack of by-products, and high selectivity, with insights into its underlying mechanism linked to the sensitizer's triplet energy.
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  • MHC-I (Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I) is essential for immune responses against viral infections, involving both CD8 T cells and natural killer (NK) cells; understanding how viruses like PEDV manipulate MHC-I is crucial for developing defenses.
  • This study shows that while PEDV infection boosts the production of NLRC5 (a key regulator for MHC-I transcription), it paradoxically leads to a decrease in MHC-I protein levels due to the interference of PEDV’s nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1), which inhibits NLRC5's effect.
  • The research uncovers a mechanism of immune evasion where PEDV-infected cells appear similar to healthy cells, allowing the virus to escape
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Background: Variations in the fusion (F) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with main antigenic sites I-V and Ø may affect the development of RSV vaccines and therapies.

Methods: In the study, 30 respiratory specimens positive for RSV were randomly selected from children with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in Beijing every year from 2012 to 2021 for gene sequencing. Then, 300 gene sequences and 508 uploaded to GenBank from China were subjected to phylogenetic analysis.

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  • Enhancing patient response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is vital for improving cancer immunotherapy, leading to the development of a mathematical model and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) system to optimize personalized treatment combining ICIs and chemotherapy (ICC).
  • The model utilizes patients' genomic and transcriptomic data to simulate interactions in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), demonstrating the ability to predict responses to ICI therapy more effectively than fixed treatment schedules.
  • The DRL approach tailors chemotherapy doses based on tumor characteristics, recommending high doses for 'cold tumors' with low CD8+ T cell infiltration and mid-doses for 'hot tumors' to enhance ICI effectiveness, with some 'cold tumors' showing resistance to ICC over time
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Neuropathic pain is a pervasive medical challenge currently lacking effective treatment options. Molecular changes at the site of peripheral nerve injury contribute to both peripheral and central sensitization, critical components of neuropathic pain. This study explores the role of the G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor (GPBAR1 or TGR5) in the peripheral mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation in male mice.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by synovial hyperplasia, and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) constitute the majority of cells in the synovial tissue, playing a crucial role in the onset of RA. Dysregulation of FLSs function is a critical strategy in treating joint damage associated with RA. Non-coding RNAs, a class of RNA molecules that do not encode proteins, participate in the development of various diseases.

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  • Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 44 (USP44) is a key player in tumor development across various cancers but its role in thyroid cancer is not well understood.
  • The study found that USP44 is often downregulated in thyroid cancer due to promoter hypermethylation, which is associated with worse survival rates for patients.
  • USP44 helps suppress thyroid cancer cell growth by stabilizing the protein p21, preventing cell cycle progression, and its loss leads to increased cell proliferation.
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