Structural maturation of the matrix lattice is not required for HIV-1 particle infectivity.

HIV-1 assembly is initiated by the binding of Gag polyproteins to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, mediated by the myristylated matrix (MA) domain of Gag. Subsequent to membrane binding, Gag oligomerizes and buds as an immature, non-infectious virus particle, which, upon cleavage of the Gag precursor by the viral protease, transforms into a mature, infectious virion. During maturation, the MA lattice underlying the viral membrane undergoes a structural rearrangement and the newly released capsid (CA) protein forms a mature capsid that encloses the viral genome.

Large Manipulation of Ferrimagnetic Curie Temperature by A-Site Chemical Substitution in ACuFeReO (A = Na, Ca, and La) Half Metals.

CaCuFeReO and LaCuFeReO quadruple perovskite oxides are well known for their high ferrimagnetic Curie temperatures and half-metallic electronic structures. By A-site chemical substitution with lower valence state Na, an isostructural compound NaCuFeReO with both A- and B-site ordered quadruple perovskite structures in -3 symmetry was prepared using high-pressure and high-temperature techniques. The X-ray absorption study demonstrates the valence states to be Cu, Fe, and Re.

AKR1B10 and digestive tumors development: a review.

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) is a member of the AKR1B subfamily. It is mainly found in cytoplasm, and it is typically expressed in the stomach and intestines. Given that its expression is low or absent in other tissues, AKR1B10 is a potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for various digestive system diseases.

Fabrication of Polydopamine-Coated High-Entropy MXene Nanosheets for Targeted Photothermal Anticancer Therapy.

Transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes) have emerged as a promising class of 2D materials that can be used for various applications. Recently, a new form of high-entropy MXenes has been reported, which contains an increased number of elemental species that can increase the configurational entropy and reduce the Gibbs free energy. The unique structure and composition lead to a range of intriguing and tunable characteristics.

Simple and rapid capillarity-assisted ultra-trace detection of thiram on apple surface with a silver nanoparticles/filter paper SERS substrate.

Thiram is a readily synthesized, cost-effective antimicrobial agent widely used to control diseases in fruits and vegetables. Given the potential health hazards associated with thiram residues and advancements in detection methods, it is crucial to develop a rapid and sensitive technique for detecting these residues on fruit surfaces. Here, we prepared the Ag@filter paper (Ag@FP) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate in a controlled manner and innovatively developed a capillarity-assisted SERS (CA-SERS) detection method.

Acinetobacter indicus Coharboring Tet(X6) and bla Isolated From Slaughterhouse Waste.

Objectives: Acinetobacter indicus is an important pathogen of nosocomial infection. The purpose of this study was to analyze the resistance and transmission of A. indicus strain AIBD14 isolated from slaughterhouse environment.

Effects of multiple apheresis platelet donations for the iron nutrition condition and platelet parameters of blood donors in China: A meta-analysis study.

Background: Apheresis platelets is a common platelets collection method with high purity and relatively few adverse reactions. This study aimed to explore the effects of multiple apheresis platelet donations on the condition of iron nutrition and platelet parameters of donors in China.

Methods: Eligible studies were selected from PubMed, EMBASE, Wanfang, CQVIP, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases.

Predicting High-Risk Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma: The Power of Plasma Cell-Related Genes.

Background：The incidence of lung cancer remains high worldwide and is still the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally.The primary reason for this is that the vast majority of patients are diagnosed only when the disease has progressed to an advanced stage or metastasized.Therefore,early diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial.

Molecular insights of T-2 toxin exposure-induced neurotoxicity and the neuroprotective effect of dimethyl fumarate.

T-2 toxin, a potent environmental pollutant, has been proved to stimulate neuroinflammation, while the connection between T-2 toxin and pyroptosis remain elusive. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), recently identified as a neuroprotectant and pyroptosis inhibitor, has potential therapeutic applications that are underexplored. Based on present study in vitro and vivo, we demonstrated that T-2 toxin induced the activation of NLRP3-Caspase-1 inflammasome in hippocampal neurons.

White Matter Microstructure Alteration in Patients with Drug-Induced Parkinsonism: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study with Tract-Based Spatial Statistics.

Introduction: This research aimed to investigate the pathophysiological mechanism of how drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) affects the integrity of the white matter (WM) fiber microstructure as measured by magnetic resonance diffusion tensor image (DTI) fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD).

Methods: We recruited 17 participants diagnosed with DIP, 20 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, and 16 normal controls (NCs) with a similar age, gender, and years of education. Subsequently, all participants underwent DTI magnetic resonance imaging scanning.

Transmembrane prostatic acid phosphatase: a therapeutic target in advanced prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer death in American men. Most patients with metastatic disease respond initially to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but almost inevitably progress to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Identification of markers and drivers of mCRPC that (a) represent a progenitor-type cancer cell population (b) persist in castration resistant disease (c) are actionable targets expressed on the cell surface, and (d) are induced by hypoxia, is required to facilitate the development of novel targeted therapies.

The role of CISD1 reduction in macrophages in promoting COPD development through M1 polarization and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Background: The mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress imbalance caused by macrophage polarization play a role in the progression of COPD, with CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 (CISD1) playing a key role. This study revealed the role and mechanism of CISD1 in smoke-induced macrophages.

Methods: Using a pure cigarette smoke exposure-induced COPD mouse model, stimulation of Raw264.

Prenatal Maternal Stress Suppresses Embryonic Neurogenesis via Elevated Glucocorticoid Levels.

Although it is known that prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) has a negative influence on nervous system development in offspring, there is no conclusive evidence clarifying its impact on early neurogenesis during development. In this study, we established a chick embryo model to investigate how PNMS affects early neurogenesis by mimicking an intrauterine environment with elevated dexamethasone levels. The results showed that dexamethasone-mimicked PNMS significantly suppressed the development of gastrula embryos and increased the risks of neural tube defects and cranial deformity.

Developmental Pattern of Individual Morphometric Similarity Network in the Human Fetal Brain.

The development of the cerebral cortex during the fetal period is a complex yet well-coordinated process. MRI-based morphological brain network provides a powerful tool for describing this process at a network level. Due to the challenges of in-utero MRI acquisition and image processing, the fetal morphological brain network has not been established.

Electro-stimulated biodegradation of dimethyl disulfide: Insights from biofilm spatial structure and key functional genes.

As a typical sulfur-containing volatile organic compound, dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is known for its high toxicity and resistance to degradation, necessitating efficient control in environmental media. To address the limitations of biological treatment in degradation capacity, this study employs electro-stimulation to promote DMDS elimination by a porous polyaniline@carbon nanotube bioanode developed on graphite sheet (PANI@CNT/GS). Compared with the unmodified GS bioanode, the PANI@CNT/GS bioanode demonstrates significant advantages in biofilm activity, redox property, and DMDS degradation efficiency.

Observation of Enhanced Long-Range Ferromagnetic Order in B-Site Ordered Double Perovskite Oxide CdCrSbO.

A B-site ordered double perovskite oxide CdCrSbO was synthesized under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. The compound crystallizes to a monoclinic structure with a space group of 2/. The charge configuration is confirmed to be that of Cd/Cr/Sb.

Effect of high-dose N-acetylcysteine on exacerbations and lung function in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD: a double-blind, parallel group, multicentre randomised clinical trial.

Evidence for the treatment of patients with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is limited. The efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (an antioxidant and mucolytic agent) for patients with mild-to-moderate COPD is uncertain. In this multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned 968 patients with mild-to-moderate COPD to treatment with N-acetylcysteine (600 mg, twice daily) or matched placebo for two years.

Zooming in and out: Exploring RNA Viral Infections with Multiscale Microscopic Methods.

RNA viruses, being submicroscopic organisms, have intriguing biological makeups and substantially impact human health. Microscopic methods have been utilized for studying RNA viruses at a variety of scales. In order of observation scale from large to small, fluorescence microscopy, cryo-soft X-ray tomography (cryo-SXT), serial cryo-focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (cryo-FIB/SEM) volume imaging, cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET), and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) single-particle analysis (SPA) have been employed, enabling researchers to explore the intricate world of RNA viruses, their ultrastructure, dynamics, and interactions with host cells.

N-doped CuO with the tunable Cu and Cu sites for selective CO electrochemical reduction to ethylene.

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR) to high value-added fuels or chemicals driven by the renewable energy is promising to alleviate global warming. However, the selective CO reduction to C products remains challenge. Cu-based catalyst with the specific Cu and Cu sites is important to generate C products.

MEF2A, a gene associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, promotes drug resistance in gastric cancer.

Chemotherapeutic resistance is a major obstacle to the effectiveness of cisplatin-based chemotherapy for gastric cancer (GC), leading to treatment failure and poor survival rates. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Our study demonstrated that the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) plays a role in chemotherapeutic drug resistance by regulating the transcription of PGC1α and KEAP1, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.

The diagnostic value of serum trefoil factor 3 and pepsinogen combination in chronic atrophic gastritis: a retrospective study based on a gastric cancer screening cohort in the community population.

Background: Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is an important precursor of gastric cancer(GC), and there is currently a lack of reliable non-invasive diagnostic markers. This study aims to find a biomarker for non-invasive screening of CAG in the community.

Methods: A total of 540 individuals were enrolled (test set = 385, validation set = 155).

Application of gelatin-based composites in bone tissue engineering.

Natural bone tissue has the certain function of self-regeneration and repair, but it is difficult to repair large bone damage. Recently, although autologous bone grafting is the "gold standard" for improving bone repair, it has high cost, few donor sources. Besides, allogeneic bone grafting causes greater immune reactions, which hardly meet clinical needs.

Role and mechanisms of autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis in sepsis-induced acute lung injury.

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a major cause of death among patients with sepsis in intensive care units. By analyzing a model of sepsis-induced ALI using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), treatment methods and strategies to protect against ALI were discussed, which could provide an experimental basis for the clinical treatment of sepsis-induced ALI. Recent studies have found that an imbalance in autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis is a key mechanism that triggers sepsis-induced ALI, and regulating these death mechanisms can improve lung injuries caused by LPS or CLP.