Craniofacial modifications in Ivorian melanoderm children with chronic retronasal obstruction.

Objective: To determine the influence of the chronic retro nasal airway obstruction on craniofacial morphology.

Methods: It was a case-control study which included fifty-eight melanoderm children aged from 3 to 6 years (31 males and 27 females), divided in 2 samples. A studied group of 29 habitual snorers presenting chronic retro nasal obstruction due to enlarged adenoid and a control group of 29 age matched children selected among patients consulting for routine evaluation.

Protein energy malnutrition revealing an esophageal foreign body.

It is not unusual for a foreign body to be swallowed and be lodged in the esophagus. It is however, very unusual for such a foreign body to remain lodged for a period of 8 months. This particular case, a 15-month-old male infant, is under focus because of the time length the foreign body remained in the esophagus without local complications, what is unusual is a protein energy malnutrition complication.