Lignin and copper nanocomposite coating for antibacterial mask.

Lignin is a natural phenolic polymer characterized with renewable, sustainable and biocompatible, but yet remain underutilized. In the post-pandemic era, people are conventionally reusing mask but without any disinfections to prevent infection of virus in public places, which could lead to accumulation of bacteria and secondary infections. The development of antibacterial mask from lignin would simultaneously address the hygiene issues of used mask due to microbe accumulation and provide novel approach for lignin valorization.

Lignin hydrogenolysis: Tuning the reaction by lignin chemistry.

Replacing fossil resource with biomass is one of the promising approaches to reduce our carbon footprint. Lignin is one of the three major components of lignocellulosic biomass, accounting for 10-35 wt% of dried weight of the biomass. Hydrogenolytic depolymerization of lignin is attracting increasing attention because of its capacity of utilizing lignin in its uncondensed form and compatibility with the biomass fractionation processes.

Production of vanillin via oxidation depolymerization of lignin over Fe- and Mn-modified TS-1 zeolites.

Converting lignin into specific aromatic chemicals for utilization through depolymerization of lignin is an effective way to achieve high-value applications. There are many depolymerization methods that can do this, but there are problems such as harsh reaction conditions, low depolymerization efficiency and uncontrollable target products that need to be solved. This study reports a novel system for the oxidative depolymerization of alkali lignin using Fe- and Mn- modified TS-1 as a catalyst to assist in the highly selective production of vanillin.

Effect of Lignin Structure Characteristics on the Performance of Lignin Based Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesives.

As the second most abundant biopolymer, lignin remains underutilized in various industrial applications. Various forms of lignin generated from different methods affect its physical and chemical properties to a certain extent. To promote the broader commercial utilization of currently available industrial lignins, lignin sulfonate (SL), kraft lignin (KL), and organosolv lignin (OL) are utilized to partially replace phenol in the synthesis of phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesives.

Preparation of Lignin-Based Nanoparticles with Excellent Acidic Tolerance as Stabilizer for Pickering Emulsion.

In this work, novel lignin-based nanoparticles (LβNPs) with high acidic tolerance were successfully prepared via electrostatic interaction between β-alanine and lignin nanoparticles. The effects of the mass ratio of lignin nanoparticles to β-alanine and pH value on the morphology and particle sizes of LβNPs were investigated with the aim of obtaining the ideal nanoparticles. The optimized LβNPs were spherical in shape with an average particle size of 41.

Recent advances in lignin-based 3D printing materials: A mini-review.

With the growing global population and rapid economic development, the demand for energy and raw materials is increasing, and the supply of fossil resources as the main source of energy and raw materials has reached a critical juncture. However, our overexploitation and overconsumption of fossil resources have led to serious problems, including environmental pollution, climate change, and ecosystem destruction. In the face of these challenges, we must recognize the negative impacts of the shortage of fossil resources and actively seek sustainable alternative sources of energy and resources to protect our environment and sustainable development in the future.

Two-Pronged Approach: Synergistic Tuning of the Surface and Carbon Core to Achieve Yellow Emission in Lignin-Based Carbon Dots.

In this study, yellow emissive lignin-based carbon dots (Y-CDs) were successfully prepared through a synergistic approach to adjust its surface and carbon core states. The lignin was initially effectively oxidized and carboxymethylated to impart abundant -COOH onto the precursor, which eventually adjusts the surface state of the CDs. Subsequently, α-naphthol was employed during the solvothermal treatment of lignin with the aim of elevating the sp domain content in the CDs and, thus, adjusting its carbon core state.

High value valorization of lignin as environmental benign antimicrobial.

Lignin is a natural aromatic polymer of -hydroxyphenylpropanoids with various biological activities. Noticeably, plants have made use of lignin as biocides to defend themselves from pathogen microbial invasions. Thus, the use of isolated lignin as environmentally benign antimicrobial is believed to be a promising high value approach for lignin valorization.

Preparation of Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-Doped Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Cellulose Nanocrystals as a Sensor for the Detection of Rutin.

The poor water solubility, large particle size, and low accessibility of cellulose, the most abundant bioresource, have restricted its generalization to carbon dots (CDs). Herein, nitrogen and sulfur co-doped fluorescent carbon dots (N, S-CDs) were hydrothermally synthesized using cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) as a carbon precursor, exhibiting a small particle size and excellent aqueous dispersion. Thiourea was selected as a nitrogen and sulfur dopant to introduce abundant fluorescent functional groups into N, S-CDs.

Ultrasonic assisted enhanced catalytic effect of perovskite to promote depolymerization of lignin.

The search for renewable energy sources to replace fossil fuel has made lignin a promising carbon-containing resource. In this paper, LaNiO perovskite catalyst supported by mesoporous carrier with specific pore structure was prepared by the pore filling of MCM-41 with citrate complex precursors of nickel and lanthanum. Then the catalysts applied to maize straw lignin depolymerization.

In-situ compatibilized starch/polyacylonitrile composite fiber fabricated via dry-wet spinning technique.

An in-situ compatibilized starch (St) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite spinning solution was designed by preparing starch-graft-polyacrylonitrile (St-g-PAN) through graft copolymerizing acrylonitrile from soluble starch and using ammonium cerium nitrate (CAN) as initiator. As dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as the solvent, St/St-g-PAN/PAN/DMSO spinning solution was prepared and St/St-g-PAN/PAN composite fibers were obtained by dry-wet spinning technique. The effects of air gap, coagulation bath, hot drawing and stretching, and thermal-setting process were studied in detail.

Fluorescent N-functionalized carbon nanodots from carboxymethylcellulose for sensing of high-valence metal ions and cell imaging.

A convenient and sensitive reversible-fluorescence sensing platform for accurate monitoring of high-valence metal ions is still very challenging. As a green kind of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) have captured considerable attention because of the stable fluorescence property and low cost. Herein, we fabricated a type of nitrogen-functionalized carbon dots (N-CDs) from CMC as a fluorescent reversible sensing platform for detecting various high-valence metal ions.

NiP/P-N-C Derived from Natural Single-Celled Chlorella for Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin into Monophenols.

Lignin is exceptionally abundant in nature and is regarded as a renewable, cheap, and environmentally friendly resource for the manufacture of aromatic chemicals. A novel NiP/P-N-C catalyst for catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin was synthesized. The catalysts were prepared by simple impregnation and carbonization using the nonprecious metal Ni taken up by the cell wall of Chlorella in Ni(NO) solution.

Lignin-First Depolymerization of Lignocellulose into Monophenols over Carbon Nanotube-Supported Ruthenium: Impact of Lignin Sources.

Lignin-first depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass into aromatics is of great significance to sustainable biorefinery. However, it remains a challenge, owing to the variance between lignin sources and structures. In this study, ruthenium supported on carbon nanotubes (Ru/CNT) exhibits efficient catalytic activity toward lignin hydrogenolysis to exclusively afford monophenols in high yields.

Lignin-based electrospinning nanofibers for reversible iodine capture and potential applications.

The capture of radioactive iodine has recently attracted much attention due to the release of radioactive iodine during nuclear waste disposal and disasters. Exploring highly efficient, sustainable, and eco-friendly materials for capturing radioactive iodine has great significance in developing safe nuclear energy. We reported highly efficient, natural, lignin-based, electrospun nanofibers (LNFs) for reversible radioiodine capture.

Green solvents-based molecular weight controllable fractionation process for industrial alkali lignin at room temperature.

The molecular weight is one of the most important factors influencing the utilization of industrial lignin obtained from chemical pulping process. In this paper, a facile operative green solvent system was successfully developed for molecular weight-controllable fractionation of industrial alkali lignin (IAL) at room temperature. The results showed that through adjusting the ratio of water, ethanol and γ-Valerolactone (GVL), the industrial lignin was fractionated into six levels with molecular weight stepwise controllable from low to high.

Correlation between physicochemical characteristics of lignin deposited on autohydrolyzed wood chips and their cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis.

Enzymatic hydrolysis is a method to generate biofuel from biomass, and autohydrolysis is a popular method to pretreat biomass prior to enzymatic hydrolysis. The primary aim of the present study was to determine the role of lignin produced in the autohydrolysis process on the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass. The HSQC and P NMR analyses confirmed that β-O-4 of lignin was reduced, while β-5, β-β, and S/G-ratio of lignin were increased with intensifying the hydrolysis intensity.

Study on the mechanism of inhibiting the calcification of anaerobic granular sludge induced by the addition of trace signal molecule (3O-C6-HSL).

Microbiota quorum sensing (QS) induced by 3O-C6-HSL (N-(β-ketocaproyl)-DL-homoserine lactone) inhibited the calcification of anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS), and the mechanism of promoting the activity recovery of calcified AnGS was studied in this paper. Through research, it was speculated that 3O-C6-HSL acted on calcified AnGS residual microorganisms to trigger QS. It enriched many functional microorganisms.

Study on polysaccharide polyelectrolyte complex and fabrication of alginate/chitosan derivative composite fibers.

Sodium alginate (SA) blending with quaternary ammonium chitosan (QAC) polysaccharide polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) system was chosen to research the binary blending of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes in detail and to fabricate SA/QAC composite fibers. The potential charge and the rheology of the PEC solution were characterized through Zeta Laser Particle Size Analyzer and DV-C Rotary Rheometer, the structure and properties of the composite fiber were examined by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDS, and YG004 single fiber strength meter. The results showed that as the mass ratio of SA to QAC increased from 0/1 to 10/1, the state of the binary solution in water changed from transparent uniform solution to turbid solution with flocculent precipitate, then back to uniform solution, accompanied by the electrical potential change.

Nitrogen-doped lignin-derived biochar with enriched loading of CeO nanoparticles for highly efficient and rapid phosphate capture.

Development of lignin-derived carbon adsorbents with ultrahigh phosphate adsorption activity and rapid adsorption kinetics is of great importance, yet limited success has been achieved. Herein, we develop a CeO functionalized N-doped lignin-derived biochar (Ce@NLC) via a cooperative modification strategy for effective and fast phosphate capture. The novel modification strategy not only contributes greatly to the loading of well-dispersed CeO nanoparticles with a smaller size, but also significantly increases the relative concentration of Ce(III) species on Ce@NLC.

State-of-the-Art: Applications and Industrialization of Lignin Micro/Nano Particles.

As a new product of high-value utilization of lignin, lignin micro/nano particles (LMNPs) have attracted the attention of researchers due to their non-toxicity, corrosion-resistance, UV resistance, and other excellent characteristics and potential application value. This article outlined the main preparation methods of LMNPs at the current stage, summarized and compared them from three perspectives of preparation technology, final product state and product composition. Subsequently, based on the different focuses of the properties of LMNPs, their application research progress as fillers, UV blockers, drug delivery carriers, among others, were introduced.

Enhanced adsorption activity for phosphate removal by functional lignin-derived carbon-based adsorbent: Optimization, performance and evaluation.

Design of carbon-based adsorbents derived from industrial lignin with superior phosphate adsorption performance is of great significance, yet limited researches have been reported. Here, we report a MgO-functionalized lignin-based bio-charcoal (MFLC) as an efficient adsorbent for phosphate removal. The obtained MgO nanoparticles were dispersed homogeneously on MFLC with particle size of 50-100 nm and higher loading content (28.

Preparation of sulfur-doped carbon quantum dots from lignin as a sensor to detect Sudan I in an acidic environment.

To achieve a rapid and facile quantitative evaluation of Sudan I illegally added in ketchup, fluorescent carbon quantum dots with excellent stability in acidic environments are required as the actual pH value of ketchup is close to 4.0. In this paper, we developed a green approach to prepare sulfur-doped carbon quantum dots (SCQDs) via hydrothermal treatment of lignin, isolated from pre-hydrolysis liquor, in sulfuric acid solution.

Preparation of carbon dots from waste cellulose diacetate as a sensor for tetracycline detection and fluorescence ink.

As one type of the solid wastes, the increasing contamination of waste cellulose diacetate (CDA) from discarded cigarette filters is a growing problem worldwide. Finding a facile and suitable approach to convert the CDA into value-added materials is of significance. Herein, we reported a green, simple and effective method to reuse CDA as precursor for preparing fluorescence N-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) via one-pot hydrothermal carbonization in aqueous solution with low-cost ammonium hydroxide as the passivation agent.