Catheter-related internal jugular vein thrombosis in neonates and long-term consequences: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The incidence of central venous catheter-related thrombosis and the long-term effects of thrombosis on catheterized veins in neonates is unknown. We therefore determined the incidence of central venous thrombosis, identified associated risk factors, and evaluated outcomes at 6 months.

Methods: We enrolled neonates aged less than 28 days scheduled for major intestinal or cardiac surgery whom we expected to require central venous catheters for at least 48 hours.

Airway management with Hi-flow nasal cannula oxygen in children with severe laryngeal obstruction.

Background: The aim of this study was to report our initial experience in airway management in young children with severe laryngeal obstruction. Hi-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNO) with spontaneous respiration was used as a new airway management strategy in young children undergoing suspension laryngoscopic surgery.

Methods: Children aged between 1 day and 24 months scheduled for suspension laryngoscopy were retrospectively studied.

Ultrasound-Guided Cannulation of the Great Saphenous Vein in Neonates: A Randomized Study.

Objective: This prospective randomized controlled study aimed to compare the ultrasound-guided (USG) technique with the standard single-wall puncture technique for epicutaneo-caval catheter (ECC) placement in neonates.

Study Design: A total of 100 neonates were included in this study. All enrolled neonates were randomly divided into two groups ( = 50): the USG group and the control group.

Ultrasound guidance for internal jugular vein cannulation in neonates: Modified dynamic needle tip positioning short-axis out-of-plane technique versus long-axis in-plane technique, a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Ultrasound-guided central venous catheter placement has significantly improved the success rate of punctures and reduced the risk of complications. However, catheterizing the internal jugular vein under ultrasound guidance in neonates remains challenging.

Methods: Ninety-six patients were screened for eligibility in this randomized controlled trial between November 2018 and October 2019.

Distal superficial femoral vein versus axillary vein central catheter placement under ultrasound guidance for neonates with difficult access: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Epicutaneo-caval catheters (ECCs) are extensively used in premature and ill neonates. This prospective, randomized, observational study aimed to compare the outcomes of ECC placement in the distal superficial femoral and axillary veins in neonates with difficult ECC access.

Methods: In a neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary referral center, 60 neonates with difficult ECC access were randomized into two groups with catheters placed using the ultrasound-guided modified dynamic needle tip positioning (MDNTP) technique: distal superficial femoral vein (DSFV) and axillary vein (AV) groups.

Optimal insertion depth of subclavian vein catheterization via the right supraclavicular approach in children.

Background: Methods to determine the optimal insertion depth of ultrasound-guided supraclavicular approach to the subclavian vein (SCV) catheterization, alternatively used for central venous access, are debatable in children.

Aim: We investigated the applicability and reliability of the modified formula for determining the depth of SCV catheterization using an ultrasound-guided supraclavicular approach in children.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 36 children (age <6 years; weight ≥5 kg) scheduled to undergo congenital heart disease surgery.

Combined short- and long-axis method for internal jugular vein catheterization in premature newborns: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Rapid central venous catheterization is critical for the rescue and perioperative management of premature infants requiring surgery. Ultrasound-guided dynamic needle tip positioning (DNTP) has been widely used as a very effective technique, especially in paediatric vascular puncture and catheterization. However, for low-weight premature newborns, central vein catheterization still poses greater difficulties for paediatricians and paediatric anaesthesiologists.

A novel method for ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation in neonates by trainee anaesthesiologists: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: The modified dynamic needle tip positioning (MDNTP) technique for ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation (MDNTP-US technique) in neonates can be technically challenging for trainee anaesthesiologists. We hypothesised that by associating the MDNTP-US technique with hypodermic 0.9% sodium chloride (Saline MDNTP-US technique), which increases the subcutaneous radial artery depth, the procedure would become easier for trainee anaesthesiologists.

Utility of transesophageal echocardiography for intra-operatively assessing pulmonary artery pressure across an isolated ventricular septal defect in children.

Background: The magnitude of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is extremely important with respect to the intra-operative management of children and infants with an isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD). This study aimed to assess the feasibility and accuracy of transesophageal echocardiography for estimating pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) across isolated VSD.

Methods: We compared the results of transesophageal echocardiography vs invasive PASP measured simultaneously.

"Modified Dynamic Needle Tip Positioning" Short-Axis, Out-of-Plane, Ultrasound-Guided Radial Artery Cannulation in Neonates: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Radial artery cannulation is extremely challenging in neonatal patients. Herein, we compared the success rate of the modified dynamic needle tip positioning short-axis, out-of-plane, ultrasound-guided technique with that of the traditional palpation technique in neonatal radial artery cannulation.

Methods: Sixty term neonates undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomized into the ultrasound or palpation group via the sealed-envelope method.