Comparative study of physicochemical properties on corneal stromal lenticules following four decellularization methods.

This study compares the physicochemical properties of corneal stromal lenticules following decellularization via four methods. Human corneal stromal lenticules, derived from small incision lenticule extraction surgery, underwent decellularization with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Triton X-100 (Tx) combined with SDS, trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (TE), or NaCl combined with deoxyribonuclease (DNase), respectively. Lenticule DNA and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content, immunofluorescence staining of cell nuclei and collagen, transparency, biomechanics, histological structure, and immunogenicity were examined in each group and compared with fresh lenticules.

Evaluation of Corneal Biomechanics Using Brillouin Microscopy in Chinese Adults With Myopia.

Purpose: To evaluate the corneal biomechanical metrics of Chinese adults with myopia and identify relevant factors of Brillouin microscopy.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, corneal biomechanics in Chinese adults with myopia were quantified and analyzed using Brillouin microscopy and the Corvis ST (CST) (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) and analyzed. Univariate linear regression was used with potential factors including age, sex, spherical equivalent (SE), intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), and mean keratometry (Kmean).

A Brillouin microscopy analysis of the crystalline lenses of Chinese adults with myopia.

To evaluate lenticular biomechanical and geometric parameters in Chinese adults with myopia and identify relevant factors using Brillouin microscopy (BM) and Pentacam. The biomechanical and geometric properties of the ocular lenses of Chinese adults with myopia were quantified using BM. Anterior segment images were acquired using a Pentacam.

Separative and Comprehensive Effects of Grain Coarsening and Grain Refinement of Ni-38Cr-3.8Al Alloy during Thermal Deformation Process.

During thermal deformation, grain coarsening due to grain growth and grain refinement resulting from dynamic recrystallization (DRX) collectively influence the deformed grain size. To investigate the separative and comprehensive effects of the two mechanisms in the Ni-38Cr-3.8Al alloy, grain growth experiments and isothermal compression tests were conducted.

Development and validation of predictive models for myopia onset and progression using extensive 15-year refractive data in children and adolescents.

Background: Global myopia prevalence poses a substantial public health burden with vision-threatening complications, necessitating effective prevention and control strategies. Precise prediction of spherical equivalent (SE), myopia, and high myopia onset is vital for proactive clinical interventions.

Methods: We reviewed electronic medical records of pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent cycloplegic refraction measurements at the Eye & Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University between January 2005 and December 2019.

The composition and function of the gut microbiota of Francois' langurs () depend on the environment and diet.

The microbiota is essential for the extraction of energy and nutrition from plant-based diets and may have facilitated primate adaptation to new dietary niches in response to rapid environmental shifts. In this study, metagenomic sequencing technology was used to analyze the compositional structure and functional differences of the gut microbial community of Francois' langurs () under different environmental and dietary conditions. The results showed that in terms of the composition of the gut microbial community, there were significant differences among the gut microbiota of Francois' langurs (anthropogenic disturbed populations, wild populations, and captive populations) under different environmental and dietary conditions.

Exploration of the pathophysiology of high myopia via proteomic profiling of human corneal stromal lenticules.

This study aimed to investigate the underlying pathophysiology of high myopia by analyzing the proteome of human corneal stromal lenticule samples obtained through small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). A total of thirty-two patients who underwent SMILE were included in the study. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis was performed on corneal stromal lenticule samples, equally representing high myopia (n = 10) and low myopia (n = 10) groups.

Engineering Double Sulfur-Vacancy in CoS@MoS Core-Shell Heterojunctions for Hydrogen Evolution in a Wide pH Range.

Heterostructured nanomaterials have arisen as electrocatalysts with great potential for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), considering their superiority in integrating different active components but are plagued by their insufficient active site density in a wide pH range. In this report, double sulfur-vacancy-decorated CoS@MoS core-shell heterojunctions are designed, which contain a primary structure of hollow CoS nanocubes and a secondary structure of ultrathin MoS nanosheets. Taking advantage of the core-shell type heterointerfaces and double sulfur-vacancy, the CoS@MoS catalyst exhibits pH-universal HER performance, achieving the overpotentials at 10 mA cm of 190, 139, and 220 mV in 0.

A Review on Controlling Grain Boundary Character Distribution during Twinning-Related Grain Boundary Engineering of Face-Centered Cubic Materials.

Grain boundary engineering (GBE) is considered to be an attractive approach to microstructure control, which significantly enhances the grain-boundary-related properties of face-centered cubic (FCC) metals. During the twinning-related GBE, the microstructures are characterized as abundant special twin boundaries that sufficiently disrupt the connectivity of the random boundary network. However, controlling the grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) is an extremely difficult issue, as it strongly depends on diverse processing parameters.

Alterations in Fecal Microbiota Linked to Environment and Sex in Red Deer ().

Gut microbiota play an important role in impacting the host's metabolism, immunity, speciation, and many other functions. How sex and environment affect the structure and function of fecal microbiota in red deer () is still unclear, particularly with regard to the intake of different diets. In this study, non-invasive molecular sexing techniques were used to determine the sex of fecal samples from both wild and captive red deer during the overwintering period.

A Tailored Preparation Method of Variable Strength for Ultra-High-Strength Steel Sheet and Mapping Mechanism between Process and Property.

The spatiotemporal phase transformation during hot stamping would considerably effect the microstructure and mechanical properties of steels. In order to manufacture hot-stamping components of ultra-high-strength steel with tailored mechanical properties, the effect of the quenching time and the temperature of the die on the phase-transformation characteristics and mechanical property of ultra-high-strength steel was deeply studied. A finite element (FE) model coupled with a thermomechanical phase was employed to perform a succession of simulations for hot stamping corresponding to different quenching times and the temperatures of die, and the corresponding hot stamping experiments were performed.

Response Surface of Speed-Loading Path to Grain Refinement during Current-Heating Compression at SAE 5137H Steel.

In thermal deformation of materials, grain refinement induced by dynamic recrystallization (DRX) is often pursued to obtain excellent mechanical properties. Here, the thermal deformation behaviors of SAE 5137H steel were investigated and characterized at temperature and strain rate range of 1123-1483 K and 0.01-10 s.

CD103CD8 tissue-resident memory T cell infiltration predicts clinical outcome and adjuvant therapeutic benefit in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: CD103CD8 tissue-resident memory T (T) cells, associated with better overall survival among various malignancies, are thought to activate anti-tumour immune response and affect therapeutic sensitivity including both immunotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT).

Methods: Totally 650 muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients from three independent cohorts were included in this study for survival and cisplatin-based ACT response analysis. Another public data set consisting of 195 patients from IMvigor210 trial receiving PD-L1 blockade were involved in the assessment of immunotherapeutic response.

Immune inactivation by neuropilin-1 predicts clinical outcome and therapeutic benefit in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) have shown clinical benefit in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) with only a few predictive biomarkers identified so far. Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) has been identified as a key immune checkpoint and a novel immunotherapeutic target but the clinical significance of NRP1 remains unclear in MIBC.

Methods: Three independent cohorts were involved in our study: IMvigor210 Cohort (n = 348), The Cancer Genome Atlas Cohort (TCGA, n = 391), and Zhongshan Hospital Cohort (ZSHS, n = 130).

TIGIT and PD-1 expression atlas predicts response to adjuvant chemotherapy and PD-L1 blockade in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: TIGIT and PD-1 are checkpoint receptors that could regulate the functional status of immune cells through independent pathways. However, the clinical significance of immune classification based on TIGIT and PD-1 expression remains unclear in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Methods: Patients with MIBC from four independent cohorts were categorised into three clusters.

Stromal Tumor-Associated Macrophage Infiltration Predicts Poor Clinical Outcomes in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients.

Background: This study aims to reveal the clinical significance of stromal-infiltrating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Patients And Methods: This study included 288 patients from the TCGA database and 118 patients from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center with MIBC. The CIBERSORT model and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate TAM infiltration.

An Innovative Approach of Parameter Loading Path Design for Grain Refinement and Its Application in Ni80A Superalloy.

In order to obtain the desired mechanical properties of products, an innovative method of loading parameter designs for acquiring the desired grain refinement is proposed, and it has been applied in the compression process of Ni80A superalloy. The deformation mechanism maps derived from processing maps based on the Dynamic Materials Model (DMM) theory were constructed, since the critical indicator values corresponding to dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and dynamic recovery (DRV) mechanisms were determined. The processing-parameter domains with DRX mechanisms were separated from the deformation mechanism map, while such domains were chaotic and difficult to apply in innovative parameter loading path design.

Infiltration and Polarization of Tumor-associated Macrophages Predict Prognosis and Therapeutic Benefit in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Background: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive and heterogeneous malignancy. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key infiltrating cell populations in the inflammatory microenvironment of malignant tumors including MIBC. It intrigues us to explore the clinical significance and immunoregulatory role of TAMs infiltration and polarization in MIBC.

Latency-associated peptide identifies therapeutically resistant muscle-invasive bladder cancer with poor prognosis.

Background: Latency-associated peptide (LAP) was identified as crucial immune regulator in tumor microenvironment (TME) in recent researches. In this study, we aimed to estimate the predictive value of LAP expression for clinical survival and therapeutic response in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Methods: Our study encompassed 140 MIBC patients from Zhongshan Hospital (ZSHS cohort), 401 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA cohort) and 195 patients received PDL1 blockade from IMvigor210 trial.

The Winter Habitat Selection of Red Deer () Based on a Multi-Scale Model.

Single-scale frameworks are often used to analyze the habitat selections of species. Research on habitat selection can be significantly improved using multi-scale models that enable greater in-depth analyses of the scale dependence between species and specific environmental factors. In this study, the winter habitat selection of red deer in the Gogostaihanwula Nature Reserve, Inner Mongolia, was studied using a multi-scale model.

Complete mitochondrial genome of a Wild Amur Moose (Alces alces cameloides).

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome (mt DNA) of Amur Moose (Alces alces cameloides) was sequenced, using muscle tissue obtained from a male Amur moose. The total length of the mitochondrial genome is 16,305 bp. The genome structure of Amur moose is similar to other moose and it contains 12S rRNA gene, 16S rRNA gene, 22 tRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and 1 control region.

Differentiation of chicken umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells into beta-like pancreatic islet cells.

In this study, we explored the possibility of using in vitro differentiation to create functional beta-like islet cells from chicken umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs). Passaged UCMSCs were induced to differentiate into pancreatic beta-like islet cells. Differentiated cells were observed through dithizone staining, and Pdx1 and insulin expressed in differentiated cells were detected with immunofluorescence.