Immunological profile of lactylation-related genes in Crohn's disease: a comprehensive analysis based on bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a disease characterized by intestinal immune dysfunction, often accompanied by metabolic abnormalities. Disturbances in lactate metabolism have been found in the intestine of patients with CD, but studies on the role of lactate and related Lactylation in the pathogenesis of CD are still unknown.

Methods: We identified the core genes associated with Lactylation by downloading and merging three CD-related datasets (GSE16879, GSE75214, and GSE112366) from the GEO database, and analyzed the functions associated with the hub genes and the correlation between their expression levels and immune infiltration through comprehensive analysis.

Association between Axial Length to Corneal Curvature Radius Ratio and Myopia in Adult Patients.

Purpose: To analyze the distribution characteristics of axial length to corneal curvature radius ratio (AL/CR) and other ocular biometric parameters in adult myopia patients and their association with myopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with no eye diseases except ametropia who attended the optometry clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from January 2022 to June 2022. In total, 187 eyes (right eye) of 187 myopic patients aged 18-35 years were selected by random sampling.

Multicomponent comprehensive confirms that erythroferrone is a molecular biomarker of pan-cancer.

All vertebrates organisms produce erythroferrone, a secretory hormone with structure-related functions during iron homeostasis. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the effect of this hormone on the occurrence and progression of cancer. To systematically and comprehensively identify the diverse implications of Erythroferrone (ERFE) in various malignant tumors, we conducted an in-depth analysis of multiple datasets, including the expression levels of oncogenes and target proteins, biological functions, and molecular characteristics.

Clinical Value of Detecting Fecal Calprotectin by Using Colloidal Gold Assay in Screening or Diagnosing Crohn's Disease.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease, and its incidence is gradually increasing. Thus, the use of a simple and convenient examination method to detect CD in the natural population as early as possible is crucial. This study is aimed at using the colloidal gold semiquantitative assay to detect fecal calprotectin (FCP) and determine whether it is helpful in screening or diagnosing CD.

Capsulized Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Induces Remission in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis by Gut Microbial Colonization and Metabolite Regulation.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can induce clinical remission in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Enemas, nasoduodenal tubes, and colonoscopies are the most common routes for FMT administration. However, there is a lack of definitive evidence regarding the effectiveness of capsulized FMT treatment in UC patients.

Risk of Tuberculosis and Hepatitis B Reactivation in Patients With Crohn's Disease on Ustekinumab: A Nationwide Real-World Study.

Background: Ustekinumab (UST) was approved in China for moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease (CD) in 2020. The prevalence rates of tuberculosis and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are high in China, and no guideline clearly states that tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis or prophylactic anti-HBV therapy should be prescribed before UST administration. This study aimed to assess the risk of tuberculosis and HBV reactivation in CD patients with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and previous HBV infection receiving UST.

Fructooligosaccharides attenuate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by remodeling gut microbiota and association with lipid metabolism.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease highly associated with metabolic diseases and gut dysbiosis. Several clinical trials have confirmed that fructooligosaccharides (FOSs) are a viable alternative treatment for NAFLD. However, the mechanisms underlying the activities of FOSs remain unclear.

Specific fungi associated with response to capsulized fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with active ulcerative colitis.

Objective: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel microbial treatment for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we performed a clinical trial of capsulized FMT in UC patients to determine the association between the gut fungal community and capsulized FMT outcomes.

Design: This study recruited patients with active UC (N = 22) and healthy individuals (donor, N = 9) according to the criteria.

Novel deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis system for predicting inflammatory activity in ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aims: Endoscopy is increasingly performed for evaluating patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). However, its diagnostic accuracy is largely affected by the subjectivity of endoscopists' experience and scoring methods, and scoring of selected endoscopic images cannot reflect the inflammation of the entire intestine. We aimed to develop an automatic scoring system using deep-learning technology for consistent and objective scoring of endoscopic images and full-length endoscopic videos of patients with UC.

The Absence of STING Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Reforms Gut Bacterial Community.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the primary causes of cirrhosis and a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver-related death. It has been correlated with changes in the gut microbiota, which promote its development by regulating insulin resistance, bile acid and choline metabolism, and inflammation. Recent studies suggested a controversial role of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in the development of NAFLD.

Beneficial Effects of Gracillin From Against Gastric Carcinoma via the Potential TIPE2-Mediated Induction of Endogenous Apoptosis and Inhibition of Migration in BGC823 Cells.

Tumor necrosis factor-α inducible protein-8 (TIPE2), initially recognized as a negative immune regulator, exerts an important role in suppressing the progression of numerous cancers. In our previous investigation, we found that TIPE2 expression displayed a decrease or absence in gastric tumor tissue, and the overexpression of TIPE2 suppressed the growth of gastric cancer tumors and cells, demonstrating that TIPE2 could be a potential medicinal target for gastric cancer treatment. However, it's seldomly reported that several medicinal agents or candidates targeted TIPE2 for treating diseases, including gastric cancer.

Appendectomy Is Associated With Alteration of Human Gut Bacterial and Fungal Communities.

Recent research has revealed the importance of the appendix in regulating the intestinal microbiota and mucosal immunity. However, the changes that occur in human gut microbial communities after appendectomy have never been analyzed. We assessed the alterations in gut bacterial and fungal populations associated with a history of appendectomy.

Recent Progress of Black Silicon: From Fabrications to Applications.

Since black silicon was discovered by coincidence, the special material was explored for many amazing material characteristics in optical, surface topography, and so on. Because of the material property, black silicon is applied in many spheres of a photodetector, photovoltaic cell, photo-electrocatalysis, antibacterial surfaces, and sensors. With the development of fabrication technology, black silicon has expanded in more and more applications and has become a research hotspot.

Mindin serves as a tumour suppressor gene during colon cancer progression through MAPK/ERK signalling pathway in mice.

Mindin is important in broad spectrum of immune responses. On the other hand, we previously reported that mindin attenuated human colon cancer development by blocking angiogenesis through Egr-1-mediated regulation. However, the mice original mindin directly suppressed the syngenic colorectal cancer (CRC) growth in our recent study and we aimed to further define the role of mindin during CRC development in mice.

Class A1 scavenger receptors mediated macrophages in impaired intestinal barrier of inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: This study was to investigate the cytokines and phenotype of macrophages pre-treated with class A1 scavenger receptor (SR-A1) antibody in vitro and the influence on apoptotic pathway of colonic epithelial cells, and to explore the role of SR-A1 mediated macrophages in impaired intestinal barrier of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs).

Methods: Mouse macrophage RAW264.7 was pre-treated with SR-A1 antibody in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Leveraging Fecal Bacterial Survey Data to Predict Colorectal Tumors.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks second in cancer-associated mortality and third in the incidence worldwide. Most of CRC follow adenoma-carcinoma sequence, and have more than 90% chance of survival if diagnosed at early stage. But the recommended screening by colonoscopy is invasive, expensive, and poorly adhered to.

miR-9-5p Suppresses Malignant Biological Behaviors of Human Gastric Cancer Cells by Negative Regulation of TNFAIP8L3.

Background: MicroRNA is essential for the malignant progression of human gastric cancer (GC), which is a leading cause of cancer deaths. However, the mechanism is still not so clear.

Aims: In our present research, we investigated the effect of miR-9-5p in GC.

Knockdown of TIPE2 increases the proliferation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated gastric cancer cells.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant diseases with high morbidity and mortality, especially in Asian countries. During the GC developing progress, TIPE2, a member of TNF-alpha induced protein 8-like (TNFAIP8L) family, may play important roles. However, the molecular mechanisms of TIPE2 contributing to cell proliferation and tumor growth are poorly understood in GC.

TIPE2 inhibits GC via regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation.

Gastric cancer (GC), a type of gastric mucosal epithelium disease caused by common malignant tumors, has become a major threat to human health and survival. Tumor necrosis factor‑α‑induced protein‑8 like‑2 (TIPE2) is a negative immune regulatory factor that is selectively expressed in immune organs, immune cells and various epithelial cells and serves an important role in the maintenance of human physiological immune homeostasis. In our preliminary study, we found that the expression of TIPE2 was downregulated or absent in GC tissues compared with normal gastric mucosa tissues, indicating that TIPE2 may play a significant role in the development of GC.

The lncRNA-HOXA-AS2/EZH2/LSD1 oncogene complex promotes cell proliferation in pancreatic cancer.

Emerging evidence have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in cancer development and progression. Previous studies have suggested that lncRNA-HOXA cluster antisense RNA 2 (HOXA-AS2) is involved in tumorigenesis of several cancers. However, little is known about the alteration and biological functions of HOXA-AS2 in pancreatic cancer (PC).

Knockdown of pseudogene derived from lncRNA DUXAP10 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promotes apoptosis in pancreatic cancer.

Current evidence suggests that pseudogene derived lncRNAs may be important players in human cancer progression. Our previous study showed that DUXAP10 could promote cell proliferation in colorectal cancer. However, the clinical significance and potential role of DUXAP10 in human pancreatic cancer (PC) has not been uncovered.