Qingre Huayu Jianpi prescription alleviates the inflammatory transformation of colitis-associated colorectal cancer by inhibiting the IL-17RA/ACT1/NF-κB axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Inflammation-to-cancer transformation is critical for the progression of ulcerative colitis to colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC).

Aim Of The Study: To explore the role and potential mechanisms of Qingre Huayu Jianpi prescription (QHJ) treatment in the development of CAC.

Materials And Methods: Combined network pharmacology and transcriptome analyses were used to investigate QHJ-associated targets and pathways in the context of CAC.

Correlation between daily physical activity and intestinal microbiota in perimenopausal women.

This study aimed to examine the correlation between daily physical activity levels and gut microbiota during the perimenopausal period. To explore the physiopathological traits of perimenopause women, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of menopause exercise intervention program. In this study, daily physical activity was assessed using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT wearable sensor, and 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to analyze gut microbiota diversity and composition.

extract regulates the Th17/Treg cell balance via Notch1 in ulcerative colitis.

Background: extract (PAE), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) from , has been used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC), various types of wounds and ulcers, infantile malnutrition, palpitation, asthma, and so on. However, the exact mechanisms of PAE in UC have still not been fully revealed. The study aims to explore the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of PAE in UC.

Quercetin alleviates ulcerative colitis through inhibiting CXCL8-CXCR1/2 axis: a network and transcriptome analysis.

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the intestinal tract in which mucosal healing is a crucial measure of therapeutic efficacy. Quercetin, a flavonoid prevalent in various foods and traditional Chinese medicines, exhibits notable pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Consequently, it warrants investigation to determine its potential therapeutic effects on UC.

CD11b/CD86 involved in the microenvironment of colorectal cancer by promoting Wnt signaling activation.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy that arises within the gastrointestinal tract. Despite ongoing research, the etiology and pathogenesis of CRC remain elusive; particularly, the distribution and characteristics of tumor-associated macrophages is currently an active area of investigation in understanding the pathological progression and prevention of CRC.

Methods: This study utilized CRC patient surgical samples, mouse models of colitis-associated cancer, colonic organoid, and co-culture cell line to examine the changes in CD11b/CD86 at different pathological region and detect the Wnt signaling pathway activity.

SLAMF1 as a novel molecule mediating the causal association between rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung disease: A Mendelian randomization study combined with transcriptomics and in vivo validation.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is a common complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that result in significant morbidity and mortality. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying RA-ILD is crucial for effective prevention. This study aims to identify the specific molecule that mediate the causal association between RA and ILD, as well as to explore its potential mechanisms in the pathogenesis of RA-ILD.

GSK3β Substrate-competitive Inhibitors Regulate the gut Homeostasis and Barrier Function to Inhibit Neuroinflammation in Scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease mainly characterized by cognitive impairment. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3β) is a potential therapeutic target against AD. Isoorientin (ISO), a GSK3β substrate competitive inhibitor, plays anti-AD effects in in vitro and in vivo AD model.

WeiNaiAn capsule attenuates intestinal mucosal injury and regulates gut microbiome in indomethacin-induced rat.

Indomethacin, as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, is widely used in the clinic. However, it can cause severe injury to the gastrointestinal tract and the incidence is increasing. It has become an essential clinical problem in preventing intestinal damage.

Astragaloside IV protects against autoimmune myasthenia gravis in rats via regulation of mitophagy and apoptosis.

Astragaloside IV (AS‑IV) has various pharmacological effects, including antioxidant and immunoregulatory properties, which can improve myasthenia gravis (MG) symptoms. However, the potential mechanism underlying the effects of AS‑IV on MG remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate whether AS‑IV has a therapeutic effect on MG and its potential mechanism of action.

Advancements of Macrophages Involvement in Pathological Progression of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer and Associated Pharmacological Interventions.

Intestinal macrophages play crucial roles in both intestinal inflammation and immune homeostasis. They can adopt two distinct phenotypes, primarily determined by environmental cues. These phenotypes encompass the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, as well as the alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype.

Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai alleviates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by promoting restitution, restoring barrier function, and modulating IL-17/Notch1/FoxP3 pathway in intestinal cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sarcandra glabra is officially named Zhong Jie Feng as a traditional medicine. In the nationality of Yao and Zhuang, it has been used to treat digestive diseases like stomachache and dysentery. Similarly, in Dai nationality, it has been used to treat intestinal diseases like gastric ulcers.

Sinomenine regulates the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway to inhibit TLR4/NF-κB pathway and protect the homeostasis in brain and gut in scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's disease mice.

Sinomenine (SIN), an alkaloid extracted from the Chinese herbal medicine Sinomenium acutum, has great potential in anti-inflammatory, immune regulation, analgesic and sedative, and is already a clinical drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in China. Our previous studies show SIN inhibits inflammation by regulating ɑ7nAChR, a key receptor of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), which plays an important role in regulating peripheral and central nervous system inflammation. Growing evidence supports the cholinergic dysregulation and inflammatory responses play the key role in the pathogenesis of AD.

Licochalcone A promotes renewal of intestinal mucosa through modulating uc.173.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Licorice can nourish Pi (spleen) and thereby strengthening the digestive system according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Licorice has been generally used in the compound prescription to treat intestinal inflammatory disease. Licochalcone A (Lico A) is one of the characteristic molecules from licorice.

Kuijieling decoction regulates the Treg/Th17 cell balance in ulcerative colitis through the RA/RARα signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic intestinal disease characterized by chronic inflammation with unknown etiology. Kuijieling decoction is a traditional Chinese Medicine with unique therapeutic efficacy for UC.

Aim Of The Study: To validate the effects of Kuijieling decoction on vitamin A metabolism and retinoic acid (RA) production, along with evaluation of its immunomodulatory activity, and further clarify the upstream mechanisms underlying Treg/Th17 regulation that contribute to therapeutic effects against UC.

Copper-catalyzed C2-selective alkynylation of chromones via 1,4-conjugate addition.

Copper-catalyzed selective alkynylation with N-propargyl carboxamides as nucleophiles has been successfully developed for the synthesis of C2-functionalized chromanones. Under optimized reaction conditions, 21 examples were obtained in one-pot procedure through 1,4-conjugate addition. This protocol features readily available feedstocks, easy operations, and moderate to good yields, which provides viable access to pharmacologically active C2-functionalized chromanones.

Protective effect of valerian extract capsule (VEC) on ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric mucosa injury and ameliorative effect of VEC on gastrointestinal motility disorder.

Context: Valerian extract capsule (VEC) is an effective Chinese patent medicine used for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases.

Objective: To investigate the detailed pharmacological activity for VEC clinical effects in GI diseases.

Materials And Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: control, model, and drug-treated (VEC-L, VEC-M, VEC-H, and teprenone).

Sinomenine inhibits macrophage M1 polarization by downregulating α7nAChR via a feedback pathway of α7nAChR/ERK/Egr-1.

Background: Sinomenine (SIN) is an anti-inflammatory drug that has been used for decades in China to treat arthritis. In a previous study, SIN acted on α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) to inhibit inflammatory responses in macrophages, which indicates a new anti-inflammatory mechanism of SIN. However, the level of α7nAChR was increased in the inflammatory responses and was downregulated by SIN in vitro, so the underlying mechanisms of SIN acting on α7nAChR remain unclear.

Glycyrrhetinic acid reverses antibiotic-induced intestinal epithelial injury through RNA-binding protein human antigen R (HuR).

Background: The application/abuse of antibiotics can cause antibiotic-induced intestinal injury (AIJ), a typical clinical issue that disturbs intestinal homeostasis. However, the underlying post-transcriptional mechanism of AIJ remains unknown. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is one of the main components of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.