Effect of structural characteristics of resistant starch prepared by various methods on microbial community and fermentative products.

Resistant starch (RS) has been extensively studied because of its beneficial effects on gut microbiota. In this study, four RSs obtained through various preparation processes were utilized for in vitro fermentation, and their structural characteristics before and after fermentation were determined using chromatography, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was observed that these RSs can be classified into two categories based on their fermentation and structural features.

Targeted delivery of nutraceuticals derived from food for the treatment of obesity and its related complications.

Nutraceuticals which are abundant in foods have attracted much attention due to their bioactive activities of anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemia and anti-atherosclerosis. Unfortunately, the poor bioavailability severely undermines their envisioned benefits. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop suitable delivery systems to promote the benefits of their biological activity.

A comparison between partially peeled hulless barley and whole grain hulless barley: beneficial effects on the regulation of serum glucose and the gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.

Though the hypoglycemic effect of whole grain hulless barley ( L.) has been documented, whether glucose metabolism would be improved by hulless barley with moderate peeling is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in glucose metabolism and gut microbiota between partially (10%) peeled hulless barley (PHB) and whole grain hulless barley (WHB) intervention in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet.

Deep learning drives efficient discovery of novel antihypertensive peptides from soybean protein isolate.

As a potential and effective substitute for the drugs of antihypertension, the food-derived antihypertensive peptides have arisen great interest in scholars recently. However, the traditional screening methods for antihypertensive peptides are at considerable expense and laborious, which blocks the exploration of available antihypertensive peptides. In our study, we reported the use of a protein-specific deep learning model called ProtBERT to screen for antihypertensive peptides.

Capsaicin Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis in ApoE Mice via Remodeling Gut Microbiota.

Capsaicin is a pungent alkaloid abundantly present in peppers with outstanding biological activities, including the anti-atherosclerosis effect. Previous studies revealed that gut microbiota played an important role in the beneficial effects of capsaicin, but whether it is essential for the anti-atherosclerosis effect of capsaicin is unclear. This study evaluated the anti-atherosclerosis effect of capsaicin in ApoE mice and further explored the role of depleting gut microbiota in the improvement of atherosclerosis.

Overview of the Composition of Whole Grains' Phenolic Acids and Dietary Fibre and Their Effect on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases.

Chronic non-communicable diseases are the major cause of death globally. Whole grains are recommended in dietary guidelines worldwide due to increasing evidence that their consumption can improve health beyond just providing energy and nutrients. Epidemiological studies have suggested that the incorporation of whole grains, as part of a healthy diet, plays a key role in reducing one's risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cancer.

Beneficial Effects of Partly Milled Highland Barley on the Prevention of High-Fat Diet-Induced Glycometabolic Disorder and the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Mice.

The nutritional functions of highland barley (HB) are superior to those of regular cereals and have attracted increasing attention in recent years. The objective of this study was to investigate whether partly milled highland barley (PHB) can regulate the serum glucose and lipid disorders of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and to further explore their potential gut microbiota modulatory effect. Our results showed that PHB supplementation significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) and improved oral glucose tolerance.

Sugar- and Artificially Sweetened Beverages Consumption Linked to Type 2 Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Although studies have examined the association between habitual consumption of sugar- (SSBs) and artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) and health outcomes, the results are inconclusive. Here, we conducted a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies in order to summarize the relationship between SSBs and ASBs consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and all-cause mortality. All relevant articles were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, and Ovid databases until 20 June 2020.