Role of media coverage in a SVEIR-I epidemic model with nonlinear incidence and spatial heterogeneous environment.

In this paper, we propose a SVEIR-I epidemic model with media coverage in a spatially heterogeneous environment, and study the role of media coverage in the spread of diseases in a spatially heterogeneous environment. In a spatially heterogeneous environment, we first set up the well-posedness of the model. Then, we define the basic reproduction number $ R_0 $ of the model and establish the global dynamic threshold criteria: when $ R_0 < 1 $, disease-free steady state is globally asymptotically stable, while when $ R_0 > 1 $, the model is uniformly persistent.

Spatial dynamics of a viral infection model with immune response and nonlinear incidence.

Incorporating humoral immunity, cell-to-cell transmission and degenerated diffusion into a virus infection model, we investigate a viral dynamics model in heterogenous environments. The model is assumed that the uninfected and infected cells do not diffuse and the virus and cells have diffusion. Firstly, the well-posedness of the model is discussed.

Patch model for border reopening and control to prevent new outbreaks of COVID-19.

In this paper, we propose a two-patch model with border control to investigate the effect of border control measures and local non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) on the transmission of COVID-19. The basic reproduction number of the model is calculated, and the existence and stability of the boundary equilibria and the existence of the coexistence equilibrium of the model are obtained. Through numerical simulation, when there are no unquarantined virus carriers in the patch-2, it can be concluded that the reopening of the border with strict border control measures to allow people in patch-1 to move into patch-2 will not lead to disease outbreaks.

Alantolactone-Loaded Pegylated Prodrug Nanocarriers for Synergistic Treatment of Cisplatin-Resistant Ovarian Cancer via Reactivating Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway.

Ovarian cancer (OV) seriously damages women's health because of refractory OV and the development of platinum (Pt) resistance. New treatment strategies are urgently needed to deal with the treatment of cisplatin-resistant OV. Here, a reduction-sensitive pegylated Pt(IV) prodrug was synthesized by amidation of methoxy polyethylene glycol amine (PEG-NH) with monocarboxylic Pt(IV) prodrug (Pt(IV)-COOH).

TRAPPC13 Is a Novel Target of Type III Secretion System Effector NopP.

Similar to pathogenic bacteria, rhizobia can inject effector proteins into host cells directly to promote infection via the type III secretion system (T3SS). Nodulation outer protein P (NopP), a specific T3SS effector of rhizobia, plays different roles in the establishment of multiple rhizobia-legume symbiotic systems. CCNWGS0123 (GS0123), which infects specifically, secretes several T3SS effectors, including NopP.

Identification of Robinia pseudoacacia target proteins responsive to Mesorhizobium amphore CCNWGS0123 effector protein NopT.

Nodulation outer proteins secreted via type 3 secretion systems are involved in the process of symbiosis between legume plants and rhizobia. To study the function of NopT in symbiosis, we mutated nopT in Mesorhizobium amphore CCNWGS0123 (GS0123), which can nodulate black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia). The nopT mutant induced higher levels of jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and hydrogen peroxide accumulation in the roots of R.

Decoration of In nanoparticles on InS nanosheets enables efficient electrochemical reduction of CO.

As a promising candidate for CO electroreduction, metal chalcogenides suffer from limited carrier density, which hampers the electron transport of electrocatalysts and activation of CO. Herein, we have modified InS nanosheets by in situ forming metallic In nanoparticles for enhanced CO electroreduction. The In-InS hybrid nanosheets exhibited a remarkable geometrical current density of 70.

Type III secretion systems impact Mesorhizobium amorphae CCNWGS0123 compatibility with Robinia pseudoacacia.

Rhizobia and legume plants are famous mutualistic symbiosis partners who provide nitrogen nutrition to the natural environment. Rhizobial type III secretion systems (T3SSs) deliver effectors that manipulate the metabolism of eukaryotic host cells. Mesorhizobium amorphae CCNWGS0123 (GS0123) contains two T3SS gene clusters, T3SS-I and T3SS-II.

Complete genome sequence of the L. symbiont CCNWGS0123.

CCNWGS0123 was isolated in 2006, from effective nodules of L. grown in lead-zinc mine tailing site, in Gansu Province, China. CCNWGS0123 is an aerobic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod strain.

Comparative analysis of rhizobial chromosomes and plasmids to estimate their evolutionary relationships.

In the present study, complete genomic sequences retrieved from 57 rhizobial strains that covered four genera including 11 species were analyzed comprehensively. The four types of replicons: chromosomes, chromids, nonsymbiotic plasmids, and symbiotic plasmids were investigated and compared among these strains. Results showed that co-evolution occurred among these four replicons based on the similarities in average nucleotide identity.

Functional Analysis of a Putative Type III Secretion System in Stress Adaption by CCNWXJ12-2.

CCNWXJ12-2, isolated from root nodules of the desert plant , contains two type III secretion systems (T3SSs). T3SSs are specialized machinery with wide distribution in bacteria that inject effector proteins into target cells. Our previous study showed that the expression of T3SS1 is upregulated in high-salt conditions.

A parasitism-mutualism-predation model consisting of crows, cuckoos and cats with stage-structure and maturation delays on crows and cuckoos.

In this paper, a parasitism-mutualism-predation model is proposed to investigate the dynamics of multi-interactions among cuckoos, crows and cats with stage-structure and maturation time delays on cuckoos and crows. The crows permit the cuckoos to parasitize their nestlings (eggs) on the crow chicks (eggs). In return, the cuckoo nestlings produce a malodorous cloacal secretion to protect the crow chicks from predation by the cats, which is apparently beneficial to both the crow and cuckoo population.

Distinct succession patterns of abundant and rare bacteria in temporal microcosms with pollutants.

Elucidating the driving forces behind the temporal dynamics of abundant and rare microbes is essential for understanding the assembly and succession of microbial communities. Here, we explored the successional trajectories and mechanisms of abundant and rare bacteria via soil-enrichment subcultures in response to various pollutants (phenanthrene, n-octadecane, and CdCl) using time-series Illumina sequencing datasets. The results reveal different successional patterns of abundant and rare sub-communities in eighty pollutant-degrading consortia and two original soil samples.

Role of exopolysaccharide in salt stress resistance and cell motility of Mesorhizobium alhagi CCNWXJ12-2.

Mesorhizobium alhagi, a legume-symbiont soil bacterium that forms nodules with the desert plant Alhagi sparsifolia, can produce large amounts of exopolysaccharide (EPS) using mannitol as carbon source. However, the role of EPS in M. alhagi CCNWXJ12-2, an EPS-producing rhizobium with high salt resistance, remains uncharacterized.

Functional analysis of PrkA - a putative serine protein kinase from Mesorhizobium alhagi CCNWXJ12-2 - in stress resistance.

Background: Serine/threonine protein kinases are highly conserved kinases with a wide distribution in microbes and with multiple functions. Mesorhizobium alhagi CCNWXJ12-2, a α-proteobacterium which could be able to form symbiosis with Alhagi sparsifolia in northwest of China, contains a putative PrkA-family serine protein kinase, PrkA. In our previous study, the expression of prkA was found to be downregulated in high-salt conditions.

Genomic analyses of metal resistance genes in three plant growth promoting bacteria of legume plants in Northwest mine tailings, China.

To better understand the diversity of metal resistance genetic determinant from microbes that survived at metal tailings in northwest of China, a highly elevated level of heavy metal containing region, genomic analyses was conducted using genome sequence of three native metal-resistant plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). It shows that: Mesorhizobium amorphae CCNWGS0123 contains metal transporters from P-type ATPase, CDF (Cation Diffusion Facilitator), HupE/UreJ and CHR (chromate ion transporter) family involved in copper, zinc, nickel as well as chromate resistance and homeostasis. Meanwhile, the putative CopA/CueO system is expected to mediate copper resistance in Sinorhizobium meliloti CCNWSX0020 while ZntA transporter, assisted with putative CzcD, determines zinc tolerance in Agrobacterium tumefaciens CCNWGS0286.

Global transcriptome analysis of Mesorhizobium alhagi CCNWXJ12-2 under salt stress.

Background: Mesorhizobium alhagi CCNWXJ12-2 is a α-proteobacterium which could be able to fix nitrogen in the nodules formed with Alhagi sparsifolia in northwest of China. Desiccation and high salinity are the two major environmental problems faced by M. alhagi CCNWXJ12-2.