Controlled NiO Defect Engineering to Harnessing Redox Reactions in Perovskite Photovoltaic Cells via Atomic Layer Deposition.

Albeit the undesirable attributes of NiO, such as low conductivity, unmanageable defects, and redox reactions occurring at the perovskite/NiO interface, which impede the progress in inverted perovskite solar cells (i-PSCs), it is the most favorable choice of technology for industrialization of PSCs. In this study, we propose a novel Ni vacancy defect modulate approach to leverage the conformal growth and surface self-limiting reaction characteristics of the atomic layer deposition (ALD)-fabricated NiO by varying the O plasma injection time () to induce self-doping. Consequently, NiO thin films with enhanced conductivity, an appropriate Ni/Ni ratio, stable surface states, and ultrathinness are realized as hole-transporting layers (HTLs) in p-i-n PSCs.

Genomic Basis of Adaptive Divergence in Leg Length between Ground- and Tree-Dwelling Species within a Bird Family.

Hind limbs of tetrapods vary greatly in length and the variability can be associated with locomotor adaptation. Although the phenotypic evolution has been well documented, the underlying genetic basis remains poorly understood. We address this issue by integrating comparative genomics and functional prediction with a study system consisting of ground-dwelling, long-legged and tree-dwelling, short-legged species within the avian family Paridae.

An updated review of the new hadron states.

The past decades witnessed the golden era of hadron physics. Many excited open heavy flavor mesons and baryons have been observed since 2017. We shall provide an updated review of the recent experimental and theoretical progresses in this active field.

The illness perception and health promotion behaviour of young and middle-aged patients with hyperuricaemia: A qualitative study.

Aim: The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the health-promoting behaviours of patients with hyperuricaemia and influencing factors.

Design: A descriptive qualitative design was used to gain insight into the personal experience of health promotion behaviour in patients with hyperuricaemia.

Methods: Sixteen patients were sampled in face-to-face interviews with maximum variation, and the data were transcribed verbatim.

Multigenerational maternal obesity increases the incidence of HCC in offspring via miR-27a-3p.

Background & Aims: Obesity is an independent risk factor for malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it remains unknown whether maternal obesity affects the incidence of HCC in offspring. Thus, we aimed to investigate this association and its underlying mechanisms.

A review of the open charm and open bottom systems.

Since the discovery of the first charmed meson in 1976, many open-charm and open-bottom hadrons were observed. In 2003 two narrow charm-strange states [Formula: see text] and D (2460) were discovered by the BaBar and CLEO Collaborations, respectively. After that, more excited heavy hadrons were reported.

A novel electrochemical sensor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer for the determination of epigallocatechin gallate.

A novel electrochemical sensor based on the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was fabricated by electrochemical polymerization of β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) and epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) on the graphene oxide (GO) modified glassy carbon (GO/GC) electrode for the first time. The MIP/GO/GC electrode exhibits an excellent ability of specific binding of EGCG and a rapid electrochemical response, high sensitivity and selectivity for determination of EGCG. This prepared MIP sensor presents distinct advantages over conventional electrochemical methods for EGCG determination because it is a one-step preparation and the template molecule can be easily removed by cyclic voltammetry scans, and no elution reagent is required.

TGF-β1/FGF-2 signaling mediates the 15-HETE-induced differentiation of adventitial fibroblasts into myofibroblasts.

Background: Pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts (PAFs) are activated under stress stimuli leading to their differentiation into myofibroblasts, which is involved in vessel remodeling. 15-HETE is known as an important factor in vessel remodeling under hypoxia; however, the role of 15-HETE in PAF phenotypic alteration is not clear.

Results: The effect of 15-HETE on PAF phenotypic alterations was investigated in the present study.