The co-production of xylose, fermentable glucose and β-O-4 linkage-rich lignin through efficiently dismantling sugarcane bagasse.

As an "upstream" process in biorefinery, biomass dismantling can dismantle the natural stable structure of lignocellulosic biomass and separate its three major components. To increase the value of the entire biomass by fully utilizing the three main components (cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose), this study proposes a two-step decomposition system combining formic acid (FA) pretreatment and ethylene glycol-NaOH (EGA) dismantling, aiming to effectively convert sugarcane bagasse into xylose, fermentable glucose, and high-value lignin. In the first step, FA pretreatment removed 79.

[Clinical Efficacy of Anchor Suture Bridge Technique for Avulsion Fractures of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament Tibial Insertion Point in the Knee Joint].

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of the anchor suture bridge technique in treating avulsion fractures at the tibial insertion point of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in the knee joint.

Methods: In this study, we reviewed 80 patients with PCL tibial avulsion fractures treated using the anchor suture bridge technique in our department from February 2010 to December 2023. Follow-ups were conducted starting at 3 months post-surgery, then every 3 months until 12 months post-surgery.

Quantifying the interfacial triboelectricity in inorganic-organic composite mechanoluminescent materials.

Mechanoluminescence (ML) sensing technologies open up new opportunities for intelligent sensors, self-powered displays and wearable devices. However, the emission efficiency of ML materials reported so far still fails to meet the growing application requirements due to the insufficiently understood mechano-to-photon conversion mechanism. Herein, we propose to quantify the ability of different phases to gain or lose electrons under friction (defined as triboelectric series), and reveal that the inorganic-organic interfacial triboelectricity is a key factor in determining the ML in inorganic-organic composites.

Thyroid dysfunction induced by anti-PD-1 therapy is associated with a better progression-free survival in patients with advanced carcinoma.

Purpose: Thyroid dysfunction is the most common immune-related adverse event during anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1) therapy. In this study, we monitored patients with advanced malignant tumors who received anti-PD-1 therapy to observe the characteristic of anti-PD-1 therapy-induced thyroid dysfunction and its correlation with prognosis.

Methods: Patients with advanced carcinoma treated with anti-PD-1 therapy were evaluated for thyroid function at baseline and after treatment initiation from August 2020 to March 2022.

Drug-drug interactions between propofol and ART drugs: Inhibiting neuronal activity by affecting glucose metabolism.

Background: The use of two or more drugs carries the potential risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs), which may result in adverse reactions. Some human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) may require general anesthesia with propofol (PRL) before undergoing surgical treatment. Both PRL and ART drugs may lead to neuronal dysfunction, which can be accompanied by energy metabolism disorders.

Identification of immune infiltration and cuproptosis-related molecular clusters in tuberculosis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Cuproptosis is a novel cell death mechanism correlated with various diseases. This study sought to elucidate the role of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in TB.

The Value of Targeting CXCR4 With 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT for Subtyping Primary Aldosteronism.

Context: Primary aldosteronism (PA) is one of the leading causes of secondary hypertension, and its diagnostic subtyping consistently presents a clinical challenge.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the potential of 68Ga-Pentixafor positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in PA classification and its applicability in guiding the development of clinical treatment plans by increasing the sample size.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 120 patients with either PA or nonfunctional adenoma (NFA) for analysis.

Apophysomyces variabilis as an emerging pathogen in Mainland China.

Background: Mucormycosis is a rare form of invasive, rapidly progressive and lethal opportunistic fungal infection caused by Mucorales. Although Rhizopus arrhizus (R. arrhizus) is the most commonly isolated Mucorales worldwide, infections caused by Apophysomyces variabilis (A.

A Cross-Sectional Study of Clostridium Difficile Infection in Inpatients with Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea.

Background: Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacillus that can cause pseudomembranous colitis and other C. difficile-associated diseases, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality.

Demonstration of 85% pump depletion and 10 noise content in quasi-parametric chirped-pulse amplification.

Full pump depletion corresponds to the upper limit of the generated signal photons relative to the pump pulse; this allows the highest peak power to be produced in a unit area of ultraintense laser amplifiers. In practical systems based on optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification, however, the typical pump depletion is only ~35%. Here, we report quasi-parametric chirped-pulse amplification (QPCPA) with a specially designed 8-cm-thick Sm:YCOB crystal that highly dissipates the idler and hence improves pump depletion.

Clinicopathological features and prognostic factors for uterine myoma.

Objectives: To investigate the clinicopathological features of patients with uterine myoma and to analyze and summarize factors affecting patient prognosis.

Methods: This study retrospectively investigated records of uterine myoma patients treated at Huzhou Central Hospital between June 2018 and May 2020. A total of 149 patients were included in this study, including 121 patients with good prognosis and 28 patients with poor prognosis.

MALDI-TOF MS-Based Clustering and Antifungal Susceptibility Tests of Isolates from Fujian and Guangxi (China).

Introduction: is a life-threatening pathogen that causes systemic talaromycosis in immunocompromised and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) as a tool to cluster isolates is rarely reported and the data on antifungal susceptibility of isolated in the southern region of China, especially in Fujian, is hardly found.

Methods: MALDI-TOF MS was used to cluster 135 isolates, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole, anidulafungin, micafungin, caspofungin and 5-fluorocytosine with Sensititre YeastOne™ YO10 assay were measured during January 2017 to October 2020 in Fujian and Guangxi.

CCL5-Secreting Virtual Memory CD8+ T Cells Inversely Associate With Viral Reservoir Size in HIV-1-Infected Individuals on Antiretroviral Therapy.

Recent studies highlighted that CD8+ T cells are necessary for restraining reservoir in HIV-1-infected individuals who undergo antiretroviral therapy (ART), whereas the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we enrolled 60 virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected individuals, to assess the correlations of the effector molecules and phenotypic subsets of CD8+ T cells with HIV-1 DNA and cell-associated unspliced RNA (CA usRNA). We found that the levels of HIV-1 DNA and usRNA correlated positively with the percentage of CCL4+CCL5- CD8+ central memory cells (T) while negatively with CCL4-CCL5+ CD8+ terminally differentiated effector memory cells (T).

Characteristics and Prognosis of Talaromyces marneffei Infection in HIV-positive Children in Southern China.

Knowledge about the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of Talaromyces marneffei infection in children is limited, especially in HIV-positive children. We performed a retrospective study of all HIV-positive pediatric inpatients with T. marneffei infection in a tertiary hospital in Southern China between 2014 and 2019 and analyzed the related risk factors of poor prognosis using logistic regression.

Association Between Diet-Related Inflammation and COPD: Findings From NHANES III.

Little is known about diet-related inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, we aimed to explore the association between COPD and dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores in adults over 40 years old. Data were obtained from the 2013 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles of var. and Clinical Isolates in Guangxi, Southern China.

This study analyzed the drug sensitivity of spp. from Guangxi, Southern China. One hundred three strains of were recovered from 86 patients; 14 were HIV positive and 72 were HIV negative.

Efficacy and Safety of Cetuximab Plus Cisplatin Alone or in Combination With Paclitaxel in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Randomized Trial.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical usefulness of cetuximab and cisplatin alone or in combination with paclitaxel as the first-line treatment of patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methodology: Three hundred patients with confirmed HNSCC from 20 different hospitals were included in this study. Patients in group I underwent a 2-hour infusion of 400 mg/m cetuximab (day 1), followed by a 1-hour infusion of 250 mg/m cetuximab weekly and 1-hour infusion of 100 mg/m cisplatin (days 1 and 21) per treatment cycle.

Emerging Cryptococcus gattii species complex infections in Guangxi, southern China.

The emergence and spread of cryptococcosis caused by the Cryptococcus gattii species complex has become a major public concern worldwide. C. deuterogattii (VGIIa) outbreaks in the Pacific Northwest region demonstrate the expansion of this fungal infection to temperate climate regions.

Ultra-broadband high conversion efficiency optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification based on YCOB crystals.

We present a high efficiency and ultra-broadband optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) system fully based on yttrium calcium oxyborate (YCOB) crystals. The OPCPA properties of YCOB at 808 nm are studied for both high gain and saturated amplification. The non-collinear angle is finely tuned to study the variation of gain spectrum at a certain phase-matching angle of YCOB crystals.

Calcineurin A Is Essential in the Regulation of Asexual Development, Stress Responses and Pathogenesis in .

is a common cause of infection in immunocompromised patients in Southeast Asia and Southern China. The pathogenicity of depends on the ability of the fungus to survive the cytotoxic processes of the host immune system and grow inside host macrophages. These mechanisms that allow to survive macrophage-induced death are poorly understood.