Investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of icariin: A combined meta-analysis and machine learning study.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to define the superiority of icariin and its derivatives' anti-inflammatory activities and to create a reference framework for evaluating preclinical evidence. This method combines machine learning and meta-analysis to identify underlying biological pathways.

Methods: Data came from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.

[Research progress on the role of N6-methyladenosine methylation in the pathogenesis and development of respiratory diseases].

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most common post-transcriptional modifications of eukaryotic mRNA. The m6A modification accelerates mRNA metabolism and translation, and plays an important role in cell differentiation, embryonic development and stress response. As a reversible epigenetic modification, m6A modification plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes.

Recent advances in the therapeutic potential of nobiletin against respiratory diseases.

Background: Nobiletin is a natural polymethoxylated flavonoid widely present in citrus fruit peels. It has been demonstrated to exert the effects of anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic and improve cardiovascular function. Increasing evidences suggest that nobiletin plays an important role in respiratory diseases (RDs) treatment.

[Effects of conditioned medium of alveolar epithelial cells on vascular endothelial cell damage].

Objective: To observe the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced conditioned medium of alveolar epithelial cells on the inflammatory response and cell damage of vascular endothelial cells, and explore its mechanism.

Methods: The LPS induced type II alveolar epithelial cells (A549) conditioned medium was used as a stimulus to induce human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) damage. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the effect of 0% (blank group), 12.

Effective-component compatibility of Bufei Yishen formula alleviates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease inflammation by regulating GSK3β-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) has been associated with sensing many different stimuli to trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome, which plays a crucial role in promoting the inflammatory response in diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Bufei Yishen formula (BYF), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has beneficial effects on COPD. Effective-component compatibility of BYF (ECC-BYF), optimized from BYF, is equally effective as BYF in inhibiting COPD inflammation.

Effective-component compatibility of Bufei Yishen formula III ameliorated COPD by improving airway epithelial cell senescence by promoting mitophagy via the NRF2/PINK1 pathway.

Background: Effective-component compatibility of Bufei Yishen formula III (ECC-BYF III) demonstrates positive effects on stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Purpose: To investigate the mechanisms of ECC-BYF III on COPD rats from the aspect of airway epithelial cell senescence.

Methods: COPD model rats (Sprague-Dawley rat) were treated with ECC-BYF III for 8 weeks, and the efficacy was evaluated.

Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Reveal Effects and Mechanisms of Icariin Combined with Nobiletin against Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a long-term respiratory disorder marked by restricted airflow and persistent respiratory symptoms. According to previous studies, icariin combined with nobiletin (I&N) significantly ameliorates COPD, but the therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of I&N against COPD using network pharmacology and experimental validation.

GSK3β mediates the spatiotemporal dynamics of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Subcellular machinery of NLRP3 is essential for inflammasome assembly and activation. However, the stepwise process and mechanistic basis of NLRP3 engagement with organelles remain unclear. Herein, we demonstrated glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) as a molecular determinant for the spatiotemporal dynamics of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

[Compatibility characteristics of Bufei Yishen formula III in regulating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mucus hypersecretion].

Objective: To evaluate the compatibility laws of effective-component compatibility of Bufei Yishen formula III (ECC-BYF III) in regulating mucus hypersecretion of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Methods: According to the efficacy of the original Chinese medicine, the components of ECC-BYF III were divided into four categories: Buqi (Ginsenoside Rh1+Astragaloside), Bushen (Icariin), Huatan (Nobiletin), and Huoxue (Paeonol). The four categories were divided into 14 groups based on the method of mathematical permutation.

The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of a Combination of Five Compounds From Five Chinese Herbal Medicines Used in the Treatment of COPD.

Effective compound combination (ECC; i.e, 20-S-ginsenoside Rh1, astragaloside, icariin, nobiletin, and paeonol), derived from Chinese herbal medicine, significantly ameliorates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rats; however, the underlying mechanisms of ECC remain largely unclear. In this study, network pharmacology analysis integrated with experimental validation was used to explore the therapeutic mechanisms of ECC against COPD.

mA mRNA methylation-directed myeloid cell activation controls progression of NAFLD and obesity.

N-methyladenosine (mA) RNA modification is a fundamental determinant of mRNA metabolism, but its role in innate immunity-driven non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity is not known. Here, we show that myeloid lineage-restricted deletion of the mA "writer" protein Methyltransferase Like 3 (METTL3) prevents age-related and diet-induced development of NAFLD and obesity in mice with improved inflammatory and metabolic phenotypes. Mechanistically, loss of METTL3 results in the differential expression of multiple mRNA transcripts marked with mA, with a notable increase of DNA Damage Inducible Transcript 4 (DDIT4) mRNA level.

Effective-components combination improves airway remodeling in COPD rats by suppressing M2 macrophage polarization via the inhibition of mTORC2 activity.

Background: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), M2 macrophages release multiple tissue repair-related factors, leading to airway remodeling, a significant pathological characteristic. Meanwhile, effective-components combination (ECC), derived from Bufei Yishen formula (BYF), is an effective treatment for COPD.

Purpose: To determine the potential mechanisms of ECC in airway remodeling in COPD by suppressing M2 macrophage polarization.

Tiaobu Feishen therapy inhibits inflammation induced by cigarette smoke extracts in a human monocyte/macrophage cell line.

Objective: To study the mechanistic effects of Tiaobu Feishen therapy (TBFS) on inflammation induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in a human monocyte/macrophage cell line.

Methods: The human monocyte/macrophage cell line THP-1 was stimulated with 10 % CSE in the presence or absence of Bufei Yishen formula (BYF), Bufei Jianpi formula (BJF) and Yiqi Zishen formula (YZF). All formulations contained serum.

A chinese herbal formula ameliorates COPD by inhibiting the inflammatory response via downregulation of p65, JNK, and p38.

Background: Bufei Yishen formula (BYF), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is an effective therapeutic strategy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of BYF and investigate its therapeutic mechanisms.

Methods: A total of 134 patients completed the study: 68 patients treated by BYF combined with conventional Western medicine in the trial group; and 66 patients treated using conventional Western medicine in the control group.

Mechanisms of the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in alveolar epithelial cell/macrophage co-culture.

The interaction between alveolar epithelial cells (EpCs) and macrophages (MPs) serves an important role in initiating and maintaining inflammation in chronic pulmonary diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the inflammatory response in co-cultured EpCs and MPs. Briefly, a co-culture system of A549 (EpCs) and THP-1 (monocyte/MPs) cells was established in a filter-separated Transwell plate to evaluate the inflammatory response.

Three Tiaobu Feishen formulae reduces cigarette smoke-induced inflammation in human airway epithelial cells.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Tiaobu Feishen formulae (TBFS) on cigarette smoke-induced inflammation in vitro using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced NCI-H292 cells.

Methods: We evaluated the inhibitory effects of Bufei Jianpi formula (BJF), Bufei Yishen formula (BYF), and Yiqi Zishen formula (YZF) on the expressions of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-8, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloprotease (TIMP)-1, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in H292 cells stimulated with LPS or CSE. Their related transcription factors and signaling pathways were also analyzed.

Three Tiaobu Feishen therapies protect human alveolar epithelial cells against cigarette smoking and tumor necrosis factor--induced inflammation by nuclear factor-kappa B pathway.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of Tiaobu Feishen formulae (TBFS), including Bufei Jianpi formula (BJF), Bufei Yishen formula (BYF), and Yiqi Zishen formula (YZF), on inflammatory response, protease-anti-protease imbalance and collagen deposition in rats.

Methods: In present work, we used an in vitro model of cigarette smoking extract (CSE)- and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced A549 cells to examine the efficacy of BJF, BYF and YZF on the production of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9, and IL-10 in CSE or TNF-α-induced A549 cells. And their related transcription factors and signaling pathway were also analyzed.

Digoxin improves steatohepatitis with differential involvement of liver cell subsets in mice through inhibition of PKM2 transactivation.

The cardiac glycoside digoxin was identified as a potent suppressor of pyruvate kinase isoform 2-hypoxia-inducible factor-α (PKM2-HIF-1α) pathway activation in liver injury mouse models via intraperitoneal injection. We have assessed the therapeutic effects of digoxin to reduce nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by the clinically relevant oral route in mice and analyzed the cellular basis for this effect with differential involvement of liver cell subsets. C57BL/6J male mice were placed on a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 wk and started concurrently with the gavage of digoxin (2.

A Chinese Herbal Formula Ameliorates Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress via Upregulating Nrf2.

This study aimed to explore the protective effects of a Chinese herbal formula, Jinshui Huanxian formula (JHF), on experimental pulmonary fibrosis and its underlying mechanisms. After being treated with single dose of bleomycin (5 mg/kg) intratracheally, rats were orally administered with JHF and pirfenidone from day 1 to 42, then sacrificed at 7, 14, 28, or 42 days post-bleomycin instillation. JHF ameliorated bleomycin-induced pathological changes, collagen deposition in the rat lung and recovered pulmonary function at different days post-bleomycin instillation.

LPS‑induced proinflammatory cytokine expression in human airway epithelial cells and macrophages via NF‑κB, STAT3 or AP‑1 activation.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major outer surface membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria, is one of the main etiological factors in the pathogenesis of several lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The respiratory epithelium and the macrophages comprise the dynamic interface between the outside environment and the host response to bacterial infection via cytokine secretion. In the present study, the mechanisms of LPS induced‑inflammatory response in human lung cells and macrophages were investigated.

[Research progress of cell co-culture method].

Cell culture technology is the most commonly used method in the in vitro experiments at present. However, monolayer cell culture technology has been unable to meet the demand of the researchers. This is because that monolayer cell culture cannot mimic the cellular environment in which multiple cells interact with each other in the body.