A hierarchical NiPO@NiFe LDH nanoarray for durable seawater oxidation.

Seawater electrolysis, benefiting from the closeness to coastal areas, is recognized as a promising alternative for hydrogen (H) production to replace conventional technologies. However, the effectiveness of this method is limited by anode catalysts that exhibit high energy consumption and short lifespans due to chloride-induced chemical corrosion. Herein, we propose a hierarchical Ni phosphate@NiFe layered double hydroxide on Ni foam (NiPO@NiFe LDH/NF) towards alkaline seawater oxidation (ASO).

Poly(Acid Yellow 17)-Modified CoFe-Layered Double Hydroxide Achieves Long-Term Alkaline Seawater Oxidation.

Seawater electrolysis powered by renewable energy is a promising technique for green hydrogen production. However, the high concentration of chloride ions (Cl) and their derivatives in seawater can severely corrode the anode catalyst, significantly challenging the lifespan of electrolyzers. Herein, we present a poly(acid yellow 17) (PAY) layer-modified CoFe-layered double hydroxide nanoarrays on nickel foam (CoFe LDH@PAY/NF), which serves as an efficient and stable electrocatalyst for alkaline seawater oxidation (ASO).

Polycalmagite Coating Enables Long-Term Alkaline Seawater Oxidation Over NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide.

Renewable energy-powered seawater electrolysis is a green and attractive technique for producing high-purity hydrogen. However, severe chlorideions (Cl) and their derivatives tend to corrode anodic catalysts at ampere-level current densities and hinder the application of seawater-to-H systems. Herein, a polycalmagite (PCM)-coated NiFe layered double hydroxide is presented on Ni foam (NiFe LDH@PCM/NF) that exhibits exceptional stability in alkaline seawater.

Influence of local governments on the greening of the manufacturing sector: A perspective on environmental governance objectives.

The green development of manufacturing industries is significantly impacted by local governments. In this study, we focus on assessing the environmental governance effectiveness by examining the tasks assigned by the central government to each province under the Comprehensive Work Program for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction. By utilizing panel data from 30 provinces and cities in China from 2011 to 2020, we employ the super-efficient SBM model to evaluate China's manufacturing industry's green total factor productivity.

Multidimensional performance assessment, government competition and ecological welfare performance.

Improving the efficiency of converting natural resources into social benefits is an important issue for sustainable development in today's world. Based on this background this paper applies the super-efficient SBM model with non-expected output to measure the ecological welfare performance (EWP) of Chinese provinces from 2005-2019, and explores the relationship between government competition and EWP under different assessment systems. The research results show that government competition under economic performance assessment is self-interested and short-sighted, which can negatively affect ecological welfare performance in the current period as well as in the next four years.

Research on the evolution and driving factors of digitalization of energy in China-A new perspective based on coupling coordination.

The world is experiencing the tide of digital transformation. Promoting the digitalization of energy is an important measure to realize energy sustainability. The digitalization of energy is a product of the coupled and coordinated development of the energy industry and the digital economy.

Elucidating Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Kinetics via Intermediates by Time-Dependent Electrochemiluminescence.

Facile evaluation of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics for electrocatalysts is critical for sustainable fuel-cell development and industrial H O production. Despite great success in ORR studies using mainstream strategies, such as the membrane electrode assembly, rotation electrodes, and advanced surface-sensitive spectroscopy, the time and spatial distribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) intermediates in the diffusion layer remain unknown. Using time-dependent electrochemiluminescence (Td-ECL), we report an intermediate-oriented method for ORR kinetics analysis.

Ultrafast Condensation of Carbon Nitride on Electrodes with Exceptional Boosted Photocurrent and Electrochemiluminescence.

Semiconducting polymeric carbon nitride (CN) has drawn wide attention ranging from photocatalysis to more recent biosensing owing to unique defect-tolerated optoelectronic properties and being metal-free, cheap, and highly stable. However, at the core of electrical-optical interconversion, the preparation of the CN photoelectrode is still challenging. Now, the growth of CN on electrodes is achieved simply by microwave-assisted condensation in seconds.

Exfoliation and Sensitization of 2D Carbon Nitride for Photoelectrochemical Biosensing under Red Light.

Two-dimensional carbon nitride (CN) has drawn increasing attention as a conjugated metal-free polymer for photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensing. However, CN only absorbs ultraviolet and very limited visible light (λ<460 nm), which poses potential risks for biomolecules and also cannot pass through tissue for in vivo detection. Herein, simultaneous exfoliation and functionalization of CN nanosheets (CNNS) with copper phthalocyanine (TsCuPc) simply by mechanical milling, thanks to the delicate π-π interaction between them, is reported.

Metal-Free All-Carbon Nanohybrid for Ultrasensitive Photoelectrochemical Immunosensing of alpha-Fetoprotein.

C can accept up to six electrons reversibly and show exceptional light absorption over the entire UV-vis spectrum, making it a potential photoactive probe for photoelectrochemical (PEC) bioassay. However, few successful works have been reported to apply fullerenes in PEC biosensing, partially because of the low electronic conductivity and poor interfacial interactions with targeted biomolecules. Herein, we report the addressing of these two obstacles by coupling high conductive graphite flake (Gr), graphene oxide (GO) with sufficient oxygen-containing functional groups, and an alkylated C (AC) into a metal-free all-carbon nanohybrid (AC-Gr-GO) via harnessing delicate noncovalent interactions among them through a facile mechanical grinding.

Coupled Fluorometer-Potentiostat System and Metal-Free Monochromatic Luminophores for High-Resolution Wavelength-Resolved Electrochemiluminescent Multiplex Bioassay.

The sensitive simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers is critical for the early diagnosis of diseases. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) offers outstanding advantages, e.g.

Competitive Multiple-Mechanism-Driven Electrochemiluminescent Detection of 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine.

Natural selection over billions of years has developed highly effective in vivo signal transduction that is often governed by a series of competitive multiple mechanisms. Several artificial signal transduction pathways have inspired numerous biosensing systems, but most of these are driven by a single mechanism. Herein we describe a multiple-mechanism-driven electrochemiluminescent (ECL) biosensor that utilizes competitive catalytic and steric hindrance effects by assembling hemin/G-quadruplex on carbon nitride nanosheets.

Highly Sensitive and Quality Self-Testable Electrochemiluminescence Assay of DNA Methyltransferase Activity Using Multifunctional Sandwich-Assembled Carbon Nitride Nanosheets.

DNA methylation catalyzed by methylase plays a key role in many biological activities. However, developing a highly sensitive, simple, and reliable way for evaluation of DNA methyltransferase (MTase) activity is still a challenge. Here, we report a sandwich-assembled electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor using multifunctional carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNS) to evaluate the Dam MTase activity.

Simultaneous Noncovalent Modification and Exfoliation of 2D Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Electrochemiluminescent Biosensing.

As an emerging nitrogen-rich 2D carbon material, graphitic carbon nitride (CN) has drawn much attention for applications ranging from photo-/electrocatalysts to biosensors. Interfacial modification of CN is fundamentally vital but is still in its infancy and remains challenging due to the low reactivity of CN. Here we report that, in conjunction with a π-π stacking interaction, bulk CN could be simultaneously exfoliated via facile mechanical grinding.

Chemically Modulated Carbon Nitride Nanosheets for Highly Selective Electrochemiluminescent Detection of Multiple Metal-ions.

Chemical structures of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet can effectively control the properties thus guiding their applications. Herein, we demonstrate that carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNS) with tunable chemical structures can be obtained by exfoliating facile accessible bulk carbon nitride (CN) of different polymerization degree. Interestingly, the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) properties of as-prepared CNNS were significantly modulated.

A DNA nanomachine based on rolling circle amplification-bridged two-stage exonuclease III-assisted recycling strategy for label-free multi-amplified biosensing of nucleic acid.

An autonomous DNA nanomachine based on rolling circle amplification (RCA)-bridged two-stage exonuclease III (Exo III)-induced recycling amplification (Exo III-RCA-Exo III) was developed for label-free and highly sensitive homogeneous multi-amplified detection of DNA combined with sensitive fluorescence detection technique. According to the configuration, the analysis of DNA is accomplished by recognizing the target to a unlabeled molecular beacon (UMB) that integrates target-binding and signal transducer within one multifunctional design, followed by the target-binding of UMB in duplex DNA removed stepwise by Exo III accompanied by the releasing of target DNA for the successive hybridization and cleavage process and autonomous generation of the primer that initiate RCA process with a rational designed padlock DNA. The RCA products containing thousands of repeated catalytic sequences catalytically hybridize with a hairpin reporter probe that includes a "caged" inactive G-quadruplex sequence (HGP) and were then detected by Exo III-assisted recycling amplification, liberating the active G-quadruplex and generating remarkable ZnPPIX/G-quadruplex fluorescence signals with the help of zinc(II)-protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX).

Highly sensitive fluorescence assay of DNA methyltransferase activity by methylation-sensitive cleavage-based primer generation exponential isothermal amplification-induced G-quadruplex formation.

Site-specific identification of DNA methylation and assay of MTase activity are imperative for determining specific cancer types, provide insights into the mechanism of gene repression, and develop novel drugs to treat methylation-related diseases. Herein, we developed a highly sensitive fluorescence assay of DNA methyltransferase by methylation-sensitive cleavage-based primer generation exponential isothermal amplification (PG-EXPA) coupled with supramolecular fluorescent Zinc(II)-protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX)/G-quadruplex. In the presence of DNA adenine methylation (Dam) MTase, the methylation-responsive sequence of hairpin probe is methylated and cleaved by the methylation-sensitive restriction endonuclease Dpn I.

A label-free fluorescence assay for thrombin based on aptamer exonuclease protection and exonuclease III-assisted recycling amplification-responsive cascade zinc(II)-protoporphyrin IX/G-quadruplex supramolecular fluorescent labels.

A simple, label-free and sensitive fluorescence protein assay has been developed on the basis of aptamer exonuclease protection and exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted recycling amplification-responsive cascade ZnPPIX/G-quadruplex supramolecular fluorescent labels. In the sensing system, a special aptamer probe containing the aptamer sequence at the 3'-terminus and the DNAzyme sequence at the 5'-terminus was applied, which has the capacity to recognize a protein target with high affinity and specificity. Exonuclease I (Exo I) can efficiently catalyze the degradation of free single stranded DNA probes in the 3' to 5' direction.