Almond polysaccharides inhibit DSS-induced inflammatory response in ulcerative colitis mice through NF-κB pathway.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease of the colon. Our previous findings demonstrated that almond polysaccharide (AP-1) exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the ameliorative effect of AP-1 on dextrose sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced UC mice and to elucidate its possible mechanism of action.

Effects of almond (Armeniaca Sibirica L. Lam) polysaccharides on gut microbiota and anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prebiotic properties of the almond polysaccharide AP-1 on intestinal microorganisms by using an in vitro fecal fermentation method and its anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that during the in vitro fermentation of AP-1, the pH value of the fermentation broth decreased obviously, while the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) increased significantly, especially acetic acid and butyric acid.

Redistribution and Activation of CD16brightCD56dim NK Cell Subset to Fight against Omicron Subvariant BA.2 after COVID-19 Vaccination.

With the alarming surge in COVID-19 cases globally, vaccination must be prioritised to achieve herd immunity. Immune dysfunction is detected in the majority of patients with COVID-19; however, it remains unclear whether the immune responses elicited by COVID-19 vaccination function against the Omicron subvariant BA.2.

Structural characterization, α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity of neutral polysaccharide from apricot (Armeniaca Sibirica L. Lam) kernels.

Screening for α-glucosidase inhibitors and antioxidants from natural sources that could reduce postprandial glucose in diabetic patients and reduce oxidative stress had attracted considerable interest. In this study, a neutral polysaccharide (AP-1) with a triple helix structure was isolated and purified from the residue of apricot (Armeniaca sibirica L. Lam.

Dilute Alloying to Implant Activation Centers in Nitride Electrocatalysts for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Dilute alloying is an effective strategy to tune properties of solid catalysts but is rarely leveraged in complex reactions beyond small molecule conversion. In this work, dilute dopants are demonstrated to serve as activating centers to construct multiatom catalytic domains in metal nitride electrocatalysts for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, of which the sulfur cathode suffers from sluggish and complex conversion reactions. With titanium nitride (TiN) as a model system, the dilute cobalt alloying is shown to greatly improve the reaction kinetics while inducing negligible catalyst reconstruction.

Whey protein and xylitol complex alleviate type 2 diabetes in C57BL/6 mice by regulating the intestinal microbiota.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder that has become a major threat to public health. Epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that whey protein isolate (WPI) and xylitol (XY) play an important role on T2D. This manuscript hypothesizes the supplementation of whey protein and xylitol complex (WXY) has the hypoglycemic and hyperlipidemia effect of T2D mice induced by the conjoint action of a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) by modulating of intestinal microbiota.

The Effect of Polymorphisms on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Susceptibility and Diabetic Complications in the Chinese Han Population.

Background: is downregulated in diabetes, which might be related to diabetes. We explored the effect of polymorphisms on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic complications.

Methods: The subjects consisted of 500 patients with T2DM and 501 healthy controls.

Placental lipid transport and content in response to maternal overweight and gestational diabetes mellitus in human term placenta.

Background And Aims: Placental lipid transport is altered in women with high prepregnancy body mass index (pre-BMI) or gestational diabetes (GDM), which consequently affects foetal growth. However, the interaction of maternal overweight (OW) and GDM on placental lipid metabolism and possible adaptations are less studied. We aimed to examine whether maternal OW or GDM is the main factor disrupting placental lipid processing in human term placenta.

PDX1 and MC4R genetic polymorphisms are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in the Chinese Han population.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disease that is caused by a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. This research aimed to investigate the association of genetic polymorphisms in PDX1 and MC4R with T2DM risk.

Methods: The genotypes of 10 selected SNPs in PDX1 and MC4R were identified using the Agena MassARRAY platform.

Microbial Diversity and Non-volatile Metabolites Profile of Low-Temperature Sausage Stored at Room Temperature.

Sausage is a highly perishable food with unique spoilage characteristics primarily because of its specific means of production. The quality of sausage during storage is determined by its microbial and metabolite changes. This study developed a preservative-free low-temperature sausage model and coated it with natural casing.

Association between STAT4 gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes risk in Chinese Han population.

Background: Evidence from genetic epidemiology indicates that type 2 diabetes (T2D) has a strong genetic basis. Activated STAT4 has an inflammatory effect, and STAT4 is an important mediator of inflammation in diabetes. Our study aimed to study the association between STAT4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and T2D susceptibility in Chinese Han population.

Risk Factors Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Heterogeneity in Chinese Pregnant Women: A Case-Control Study.

Purpose: To study the risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) heterogeneity, and to evaluate the correlation between the risk factors and obesity.

Methods: We performed a case-control study of 452 women with GDM and 516 women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) at the first and second trimester. We defined GDM women as GDM-resistance subtype, GDM-dysfunction subtype, and GDM-mixed subtype, according to their simultaneous insulin-release test with predominant insulin-sensitivity defect, insulin-secretion defect, or both defects.

Contribution of gestational diabetes mellitus heterogeneity and prepregnancy body mass index to large-for-gestational-age infants-A retrospective case-control study.

Objective: To study the associations between heterogeneity of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) subtype/prepregnancy body mass index (pre-BMI) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants of Chinese women.

Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study of 299 women with GDM and 204 women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), using oral glucose tolerance test-based indices performed at 24-25 weeks of gestation. Women with GDM were classified into the following three physiologic subtypes: GDM with a predominant insulin-secretion defect (GDM-dysfunction), GDM with a predominant insulin-sensitivity defect (GDM-resistance), or GDM with both defects (GDM-mixed).