Single-cell transcriptomic sequencing identifies subcutaneous patient-derived xenograft recapitulated medulloblastoma.

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common malignant brain tumors that mainly affect children. Various approaches have been used to model MB to facilitate investigating tumorigenesis. This study aims to compare the recapitulation of MB between subcutaneous patient-derived xenograft (sPDX), intracranial patient-derived xenograft (iPDX), and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) at the single-cell level.

Multiparametric Framework Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Subtypes of Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors Using Susceptibility Weighted Imaging, Diffusion-Weighted Imaging, and Dynamic Susceptibility-Contrast Perfusion-Weighted Imaging Combined With Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Background: Intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) are classified into two pathological subtypes (germinomas [GEs] and nongerminomatous germ cell tumors [NGGCTs]), with distinct treatment strategy and prognosis. Accurate preoperative determination of iGCT subtypes is essential to guide clinical decision-making and prognosis assessment.

Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), and dynamic susceptibility-contrast perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) combined with conventional magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) in finding subtypes of iGCTs.

Association of high-dose radiotherapy with improved survival in patients with newly diagnosed low-grade gliomas.

Background: The radiation dose for patients with low-grade gliomas (LGGs) is controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the radiation dose on survival for patients with LGGs and especially for molecularly defined subgroups.

Methods: Three hundred fifty-one patients with newly diagnosed LGGs from the multicenter Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group received postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in 2005-2018.

Gray matter structural plasticity in patients with basal ganglia germ cell tumors: A voxel-based morphometry study.

Background: Basal ganglia germ cell tumors (BGGCTs) are rare intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) that often presents with cognitive impairment.

Objective: To assess structural brain plasticity in the presence of unilateral basal ganglia germ cell tumors (BGGCTs), and the correlation between gray matter volume (GMV) changes and cognitive tests.

Materials And Methods: We applied voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to compare a sample of 41 patients with BGGCTs in the left (n = 22) or right (n = 19) and a sample of 16 patients as control group using a two-sample t-test, correcting for family-wise-errors.

Choroid Plexus Carcinomas With TP53 Germline Mutations: Management and Outcome.

Background: Choroid plexus carcinomas (CPCs) are rare pediatric tumors commonly associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), which involves a germline mutation of the tumor suppressor gene TP53.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the corresponding information of 12 cases, including the effects of surgery and radiotherapy and TP53 germline mutations, to analyse the management strategies. Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test were used to evaluate the progression-free survival (PFS).

High-dose radiotherapy in newly diagnosed low-grade gliomas with nonmethylated O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase.

Background: Patients with low-grade gliomas (LGGs) harboring O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter nonmethylation (MGMT-non-pM) have a particularly short survival and are great resistance to chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of high-dose radiotherapy (RT) for LGGs with MGMT-non-pM.

Methods: 268 patients with newly diagnosed adult supratentorial LGGs from the multicenter Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group (CGCG) received postoperative RT during 2005-2018.

The external metastasis of the central nerve system germ cell tumors: case report and review of the literature.

Background: Central nervous system germ cell tumors (CNS GCTs) represent a class of rare tumors that exhibit region-specific prevalence in some Asian areas (15.3%), higher than that in North America (3.6%), and age-specific prevalence in children and adolescents.

Primary intracranial germ cell tumour originating from right brachium Pontis with hypertrophic Olivary degeneration: a case report.

Background: Primary right brachium pontis germinoma with hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is extremely rare. A preoperative diagnosis is challenging due to the absence of characterized clinical and neuroimaging features, and biopsy should be considered.

Case Presentation: A 20-year-old male patient presented with a case of primary intracranial germinoma originating from right brachium pontis with HOD manifesting as ocular myoclonus, nystagmus in both eyes, ataxic gait and incoordination of the limbs.

Characteristics of growth disturbances in patients with intracranial germinomas of different origins.

Purpose: To explore the characteristics of growth disturbance in patients with intracranial germinoma with different origins.

Methods: Clinical data of 151 patients with single-origin germinomas were studied retrospectively. Z-score of height (ZSOH) at both diagnosis and the last follow-up was calculated using the WHO AnthroPlus software.

Relapse pattern and quality of life in patients with localized basal ganglia germinoma receiving focal radiotherapy, whole-brain radiotherapy, or craniospinal irradiation.

Background And Purpose: The optimal target volume in localized basal ganglia (BG) germinoma is still undetermined. Thus, based on the relapse pattern and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), we evaluated three target volumes.

Material And Methods: The clinical data of 161 patients with localized BG germinoma were included in this retrospective study.

Comparison between Craniospinal Irradiation and Limited-Field Radiation in Patients with Non-metastatic Bifocal Germinoma.

Purpose: Whether craniospinal irradiation (CSI) could be replaced by limited-field radiation in non-metastatic bifocal germinoma remains controversial. We addressed the issue based on the data from our series and the literature.

Materials And Methods: Data from 49 patients diagnosed with non-metastatic bifocal germinoma at our hospital during the last 10 years were collected.

Regional specificity of 1p/19q co-deletion combined with radiological features for predicting the survival outcomes of anaplastic oligodendroglial tumor patients.

In this study we aimed to identify the anatomic features of 1p/19q co-deletion and investigate the predictive values of tumor location and radiological characteristics for the survival of anaplastic oligodendroglial (AO) glioma patients. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analysis was applied to define the brain regions associated with occurrence of 1p/19q co-deletion in a cohort of 206 AO tumor patients (discovery set) treated between May 2009 and September 2013. Retrospectively, the acquired clusters and radiological features were subjected to Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (validation set) to evaluate their prognostic role in AO patients.

Portable near-infrared rapid detection of intracranial hemorrhage in Chinese population.

Background: Secondary brain injury is the main cause of mortality from traumatic brain injury (TBI). One hallmark of TBI is intracranial hemorrhage, which occurs in 40-50% of severe TBI cases. Early identification of intracranial hematomas in TBI patients allows early surgical evacuation, and can reduce the case-fatality rate of TBI.