Drug Development.

Background: Findings regarding the protective effect of Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) against Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) and cognitive decline have been inconclusive.

Method: A total of 6,390,826 hypertensive individuals were included in this study from Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart. We identified antihypertensive medication (AHM) drug classes and subclassified ARBs by blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Caring for family caregivers of dementia patients has grown to an important topic. Social media platforms, like Twitter, provide great resources for studying the needs of caregivers. It would be beneficial to understand the caregivers' interested or concerned topics from their tweets.

Enhanced Near-Infrared Fluorescence Emission near a Graphene-Metal Hybrid Structure.

Plasmon resonance plays an important role in improving the detection of biomolecules, and it is one of the focuses of research to use metal plasmon resonance to achieve fluorescence enhancement and to improve detection sensitivity. However, the problems of nondynamic tuning and fluorescence quenching of metal plasmon resonance need to be solved. Graphene surface plasmon resonance can be dynamically controlled, and the graphene adsorption of fluorescent molecules can avoid fluorescence quenching and greatly improve the fluorescence emission intensity.

Integrated Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomics Analysis to Elucidate the Mechanism of Huoxue Tongluo Qiwei Decoction in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats through Angii-Activated Pkcε Pathway.

Background And Aim: As a classical formula to invigorate blood circulation, Huoxue Tongluo Qiwei Decoction (HTQD) can effectively treat hypertensive erectile dysfunction (ED), but its exact mechanism of action is not yet clear. The goal of this research was to explore the potential mechanism of HTQD in improving hypertensive erectile dysfunction in rats through transcriptomics, network pharmacology, and associated animal experimentations.

Methods: The HTQD chemical constituents were screened using high-performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).

A novel fluorescent probe for rapid and selective detection of fluoride ions in living cells.

A novel fluorescent probe DTP, based on fluorine-silicon complexation, extends emission to 590 nm and achieves a 5 minutes response time. It shows high selectivity and a 0.98 μM detection limit for fluoride ions, with successful bioimaging application in living cells.

The histone demethylase KDM6B links obstructive sleep apnea to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized for its link to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), though the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Histone lysine demethylase 6B (KDM6B) may either prevent or promote organ fibrosis, but its specific role in IPF is yet to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate the function and mechanisms of KDM6B in IPF and the exacerbating effects of OSA.

Caveolin-1 mitigates the advancement of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and pyroptosis through the restoration of cholesterol homeostasis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, which has the potential to advance to fibrosis. CAV1 has the effects of improving liver lipid deposition in MASLD, however, the potential mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we establish a MASLD mouse model in CAV1 knockout (KO) mice and perform transcriptome analysis on livers from mice to investigate the effects of CAV1 in MASLD progression.

Third generation vs first generation EGFR-TKIs in the first line treatment for EGFR-mutated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

The prevailing belief is that third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (TGET) outperform first-generation EGFR-TKIs (FGET) in managing advanced-stage EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, this standpoint lacks substantiation in evidence-based medicine. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and adverse effects (AEs) of these two categories.

Influence of global warming and human activity on mercury accumulation patterns in wetlands across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Wetlands in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are a unique and fragile ecosystem undergoing rapid changes. We show two unique patterns of mercury (Hg) accumulation in wetland sediments. One is the 'surface peak' in monsoon-controlled regions and the other is the 'subsurface peak' in westerly-controlled regions.

Prognostic significance of MRD and its correlation with arsenic concentration in pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia: a retrospective study by SCCLG-APL group.

Background: Treatment outcomes for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have improved with all-trans-retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide, yet relapse remains a concern, especially in pediatric patients. The prognostic value of minimal residual disease (MRD) post-induction and the impact of arsenic levels during induction on MRD are not fully understood.

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between post-induction MRD levels and relapse-free survival (RFS) in pediatric APL patients, and to investigate the correlation between blood arsenic concentration levels during induction therapy and MRD status.

Comprehensive evaluation of physio-morphological traits of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties under salt stress.

Salt is a major abiotic factor significantly affecting plant growth and development. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), a crucial perennial crop for livestock feed, shows significant differences in salt tolerance among different varieties.

La Doped Nickel-Manganese Oxide as High-Capacity Cathode for Sodium-Ion Batteries Guided by Bayesian Optimization.

In sodium-ion batteries, the layered transition metal oxides used as cathode often experience interlayer sliding of interlayer spacing and lattice variations during charge/discharge, leading to structural damage and capacity degradation. To address this challenge, a La doping strategy guided by Bayesian optimization has been employed to prepare the high-performance O3-NaNiMnCuLaO (NMCL) cathode material. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the O 2p orbital overlaps with the t orbital of transition metals in NMCL, facilitating the formation of Na-O-La bonds and promoting the oxygen redox reaction kinetics.

Fabrication of nanoporous anodized aluminum oxide based photonic crystals with multi-band responses in the vis-NIR region.

Photonic crystals (PC) play a key role in optical field modulation due to their unique photonic band gaps (PBGs). Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) prepared by pulse anodization is a promising candidate for PC devices. In this research, an AAO-based PC with multi-band was fabricated on a single-slice & single-material film, which exhibits multi-band responses in the visible-to-near-infrared (vis-NIR) region.

Exogenously and Endogenously Sequential Regulation of DNA Nanodevices Enables Organelle-Specific Signal Amplification in Subcellular ATP Profiling.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency in cells, is dynamically regulated across different subcellular compartments. The ATP interplay between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) underscores their coordinated roles in various biochemical processes, highlighting the necessity for precise profiling of subcellular ATP dynamics. Here we present an exogenously and endogenously dual-regulated DNA nanodevice for spatiotemporally selective, subcellular-compartment specific signal amplification in ATP sensing.

Enhancing Microdomain Consistency in Polymer Electrolytes towards Sustainable Lithium Batteries.

Polymer electrolytes incorporated with fillers possess immense potential for constructing the fast and selective Li conduction. However, the inhomogeneous distribution of the fillers usually deteriorates the microdomain consistency of the electrolytes, resulting in uneven Li flux, and unstable electrode-electrolyte interfaces. Herein, we formulate a solution-process chemistry to in situ construct gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with well-dispersed metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), leading to a uniform microdomain structure.

Genetic Underpinnings of Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.

Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) is a frequent but severe type of male infertility. As one of the most multifaceted male infertility resulting from sperm problems, its genetic etiology remains unknown in most cases. In this review, we systematically sort out the latest literature on clinical reports and animal models leading to OAT, summarise the expression profiles of causative genes for OAT, and highlight the important role of the protein transport system during spermiogenesis, spermatid cell-specific genes, Golgi and acrosome-related genes, manchette-related genes, HTCA-related genes, and axoneme-related genes in OAT development.

Modulation on Transconductance and Switching Speed of Vertical Organic Electrochemical Transistors via Structure Engineering.

Vertical organic electrochemical transistors (vOECTs) have received widespread attention in bioelectronics, wearable, and neuromorphic electronics due to their high transconductance (), low driving voltage, and biocompatibility. As key parameters of vOECTs, and switching speed (or transient time, τ) are vital for achieving satisfying performance in various practical applications. Here we employ vOECTs with varying top electrode widths for effective and switching speed modulation.

Association of Metformin use with risk of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: There is ongoing debate concerning the association of metformin with the risk of dementia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of metformin therapy on dementia in patients with T2DM.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and the ClinicalTrials.

Defining an NK Cell-enriched Rejection-like Phenotype in Liver Transplant Biopsies From the INTERLIVER Study.

Background: Initial analysis of liver transplant biopsies in the INTERLIVER study (ClinicalTrials.gov; unique identifier NCT03193151) using rejection-associated transcripts failed to find an antibody-mediated rejection state (ie, rich in natural killer [NK] cells and with interferon-gamma effects). We recently developed an optimization strategy in lung transplants that isolated an NK cell-enriched rejection-like (NKRL) state that was molecularly distinct from T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR).

Antihypertensive strategies for the prevention of secondary stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Stroke is an important contributor to disability and death globally. Hypertension is a main risk factor for recurrent stroke in patients with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Higher systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure at admission are independently associated with the risk of stroke recurrence.

Post-marketing safety concerns with lecanemab: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database.

Background: The safety data of lecanemab in the post-marketing period has yet to be fully investigated in the current literature. We aimed to identify and characterise the safety profile of lecanemab in the post-marketing period.

Methods: We searched and reviewed the reports submitted to the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).