The impact of a transversus abdominis plane block including clonidine vs. intrathecal morphine on nausea and vomiting after caesarean section: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Intrathecal morphine (ITM) is a widely used technique for postcaesarean section analgesia but entails a high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is an alternative.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that a TAP block including clonidine reduces the incidence of PONV after caesarean section when compared with ITM.

Prediction of Acute Postoperative Pain Following Breast Cancer Surgery Using the Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire: A Cohort Study.

Objectives: Previous studies have indicated that preoperative pain sensitivity correlates with postoperative pain intensity, and thus may be used to predict severe postoperative pain. Self-rating of pain sensitivity using the "Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ)" may be an adjunct to these measures.

Methods: We tested the predictive ability of the PSQ as well as experimental parameters of pain sensitivity and other known risk factors for acute pain in 198 patients scheduled for breast cancer surgery.

Intramolecular charge transfer in aminobenzonitriles and tetrafluoro counterparts: fluorescence explained by competition between low lying excited states and radiationless deactivation. Part II: influence of substitution on luminescence patterns.

In this paper, we study the mechanisms of charge transfer, luminescence and radiationless decay of three derivatives of 4-aminobenzonitrile (ABN): dimethyl-ABN (DMABN) and the tetrafluorinated derivatives, ABN-4F and DMABN-4F. Our CASSCF/CASPT2 computations explain the different luminescence patterns observed in these three compounds and in comparison with the parent system, ABN, in spite of their similar architecture. We have found that the modifications made by the different substitutions in ABN tune the relative energies of the locally excited (LE) and charge transfer (CT) excited states due to electronic and structural factors.

The peculiar spectral properties of amino-substituted uracils: a combined theoretical and experimental study.

A detailed experimental and computational study of the absorption and fluorescence spectra of 5-aminouracil (5 AU) and 6-aminouracil (6 AU) in aqueous solution is reported. The lowest energy band of the steady-state absorption spectra of 5 AU is considerably red-shifted, noticeably less intense, and broader than its counterpart in uracil (U). On the contrary, the 6 AU lowest energy absorption peak is close in energy to that of U, but it is much narrower and the transition is much more intense.

The decay from the dark npi* excited state in uracil: an integrated CASPT2/CASSCF and PCM/TD-DFT study in the gas phase and in water.

By integrating the results of MS-CASPT2/CASSCF and TD-PBE0 calculations, we propose a mechanism for the decay of the excited dark state in pyrimidine, fully consistent with all the available experimental results. An effective conical intersection (CI-npi) exists between the spectroscopic pi/pi* excited state (Spi) and a dark n/pi* state (Sn), and a fraction of the population decays to the minimum of Sn (Sn-min). The conical intersection between Sn and the ground-state is not involved in the decay mechanism, because of its high energy gap with respect to Sn-min.

Theoretical investigation of luminescence behavior as a function of alkyl chain size in 4-aminobenzonitrile alicyclic derivatives.

There is still controversy about the structure of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) emitting species in pi-electron donor-acceptor systems that show dual fluorescence. Although the twisted ICT model is quite generally accepted, the planar ICT model is not ruled out because firm experimental evidence supports it. Among these it is the fact that some rigidized systems such as bicyclic 4-aminobenzonitrile derivatives exhibit dual fluorescence.