Attentional warnings caused by driver monitoring systems: How often do they appear and how well are they understood?

The present study investigated the effects of a driver monitoring system that triggers attention warnings in case distraction is detected. Based on the EuroNCAP protocol, distraction could either be long glances away from the forward roadway (≥3s) or visual attention time sharing (>10 cumulative seconds within a 30 s time interval). In a series of manual driving simulator drives, 30 participants completed both driving related tasks (e.

Test procedure for the evaluation of partially automated driving HMI including driver monitoring systems in driving simulation.

The proposed test procedure presents an approach for the evaluation of the usability of partial automated driving HMI including driver monitoring systems in driving simulation. This procedure is based on a definition of requirements that a Level 2 HMI and its included driver monitoring system must fulfill in order to guarantee that the drivers understand their responsibilities of continuously monitoring the driving environment and the status of the partial automated driving system. These requirements are used to define the evaluation criteria that have to be validated in the test as well as the use cases in which these criteria can be assessed.

Trust in automated vehicles: constructs, psychological processes, and assessment.

There is a growing body of research on trust in driving automation systems. In this paper, we seek to clarify the way trust is conceptualized, calibrated and measured taking into account issues related to specific levels of driving automation. We find that: (1) experience plays a vital role in trust calibration; (2) experience should be measured not just in terms of distance traveled, but in terms of the range of situations encountered; (3) system malfunctions and recovery from such malfunctions is a fundamental part of this experience.

The impact of speech-based assistants on the driver's cognitive distraction.

Speech-based interfaces can be a promising alternative and/or addition to visual-manual interfaces since they reduce visual-manual distraction while driving. However, there are also findings indicating that speech-based assistants may be a source of cognitive distraction. The aim of this experiment was to quantify drivers' cognitive distraction while interacting with speech-based assistants.

Test procedure for evaluating the human-machine interface of vehicles with automated driving systems.

The human-machine interface (HMI) is a crucial part of every automated driving system (ADS). In the near future, it is likely that-depending on the operational design domain (ODD)-different levels of automation will be available within the same vehicle. The capabilities of a given automation level as well as the operator's responsibilities must be communicated in an appropriate way.

Driver compliance to take-over requests with different auditory outputs in conditional automation.

Conditionally automated driving (CAD) systems are expected to improve traffic safety. Whenever the CAD system exceeds its limit of operation, designers of the system need to ensure a safe and timely enough transition from automated to manual mode. An existing visual Human-Machine Interface (HMI) was supplemented by different auditory outputs.