Publications by authors named "Yannek I Leiderman"
Purpose Of Review: Technologies in healthcare incorporating artificial intelligence tools are experiencing rapid growth in static-image-based applications such as diagnostic imaging. Given the proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI)-technologies created for video-based imaging, ophthalmic microsurgery is likely to experience significant benefits from the application of emerging technologies to multiple facets of the care of the surgical patient.
Recent Findings: Proof-of-concept research and early phase clinical trials are in progress for AI-based surgical technologies that aim to provide preoperative planning and decision support, intraoperative image enhancement, surgical guidance, surgical decision-making support, tactical assistive technologies, enhanced surgical training and assessment of trainee progress, and semi-autonomous tool control or autonomous elements of surgical procedures.
Purpose: This study aims to investigate generalizability of deep learning (DL) models trained on commonly used public fundus images to an instance of real-world data (RWD) for glaucoma diagnosis.
Methods: We used Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary fundus data set as an instance of RWD in addition to six publicly available fundus data sets. We compared the performance of DL-trained models on public data and RWD for glaucoma classification and optic disc (OD) segmentation tasks.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze the relationship between immunosuppression and overall as well as cancer-specific mortality in patients with noninfectious ocular inflammatory disease.
- Researchers examined data from over 15,000 patients over a median of 10 years and found there were 1970 deaths, with 435 attributed to cancer.
- The results indicated that patients on various immunosuppressants experienced similar mortality rates compared to the general U.S. population, suggesting that these treatments did not significantly increase overall or cancer mortality risk.
Purpose: To develop and validate a platform that can extract eye gaze metrics from surgeons observing cataract and vitreoretinal procedures and to enable post hoc data analysis to assess potential discrepancies in eye movement behavior according to surgeon experience.
Design: Experimental, prospective, single-center study.
Participants: Eleven ophthalmic surgeons observing deidentified vitreoretinal and cataract surgical procedures performed at a single university-based medical center.
Purpose: This study investigated whether a deep-learning neural network can detect and segment surgical instrumentation and relevant tissue boundaries and landmarks within the retina using imaging acquired from a surgical microscope in real time, with the goal of providing image-guided vitreoretinal (VR) microsurgery.
Design: Retrospective analysis via a prospective, single-center study.
Participants: One hundred and one patients undergoing VR surgery, inclusive of core vitrectomy, membrane peeling, and endolaser application, in a university-based ophthalmology department between July 1, 2020, and September 1, 2021.
Purpose: To describe the characteristics and correlates of open globe injuries secondary to projectile injury and outcomes following surgical open globe repair at an urban tertiary referral center.
Methods: Records of all patients with a history of open globe injury secondary to projectile injury and surgical open globe at a tertiary referral hospital between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2016 were reviewed. Demographics, type of trauma, wound extent, presence of foreign body, and presenting clinical findings are reported.
Importance: Complications that arise from phacoemulsification procedures can lead to worse visual outcomes. Real-time image processing with artificial intelligence tools can extract data to deliver surgical guidance, potentially enhancing the surgical environment.
Objective: To evaluate the ability of a deep neural network to track the pupil, identify the surgical phase, and activate specific computer vision tools to aid the surgeon during phacoemulsification cataract surgery by providing visual feedback in real time.
Importance: The American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) indicated that urgent or emergent vitreoretinal surgical procedures should continue during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although decreases in the frequency of critical procedures have been reported outside the field of ophthalmology, analyses are limited by volume, geography, and time.
Objective: To evaluate whether the frequency of ophthalmic surgical procedures deemed urgent or emergent by the AAO changed across the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objectives: To describe visual outcomes with various contact lens modalities in patients with a history of ocular trauma who underwent surgical open globe repair.
Methods: Records of all patients with a history of open globe injury and repair at a tertiary care hospital between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016, were reviewed. Demographics, type of injury, and visual acuity were assessed before and after contact lens evaluation.
Diseases of the posterior segment of the eye are common causes of blindness and can be difficult to treat due to their location. Recently, there has been increased interest in the use of the suprachoroidal space to deliver therapeutics to the posterior segment. This space is accessible through a trans-scleral approach and blunt dissection of the adjacent scleral and choroidal tissues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To evaluate safety and successful use of a novel subretinal delivery system and suprachoroidal surgical approach and safety and activity of human umbilical tissue-derived cells (palucorcel) via a novel delivery system in patients with geographic atrophy (GA).
Design: Multicenter, open-label phase 2b study.
Participants: Participants were 55 to 90 years with GA secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/80 to 20/800.
Purpose: To evaluate retinal dysfunction in diabetic patients who have mild or no nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (DR) using the high-frequency flicker electroretinogram.
Methods: Light-adapted flicker electroretinograms were recorded from 15 diabetic patients who have no clinically apparent retinopathy, 15 diabetic patients who have mild nonproliferative DR, and 15 nondiabetic, age-equivalent controls. Electroretinograms were elicited by full-field flicker at 2 temporal frequencies, 31.
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed 1,452 retinoblastoma cases from the SEER registry between 1973 and 2009, investigating survival outcomes based on various factors like patient age, tumour type, and treatment.
- - Results showed that patients with bilateral tumours were diagnosed earlier and had lower overall survival rates (90.3% vs. 96.1% for unilateral), along with a higher risk of developing other cancers.
- - Key findings highlighted that lower-grade tumours were associated with earlier diagnosis and better survival, emphasizing the importance of tumour characteristics in assessing patient outcomes.
The goal of this study was to determine the extent of rod-, cone-, and melanopsin-mediated pupillary light reflex (PLR) abnormalities in diabetic patients who have non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Fifty diabetic subjects who have different stages of NPDR and 25 age-equivalent, non-diabetic controls participated. PLRs were measured in response to full-field, brief-flash stimuli under conditions that target the rod, cone, and intrinsically-photosensitive (melanopsin) retinal ganglion cell pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: We determined the effects of light flicker and diabetic retinopathy (DR) stage on retinal vascular diameter (D), oxygen saturation (SO2), and inner retinal oxygen extraction fraction (OEF).
Methods: Subjects were categorized as nondiabetic control (NC, n = 42), diabetic with no clinical DR (NDR; n = 32), nonproliferative DR (NPDR; n = 42), or proliferative DR (PDR; n = 14). Our customized optical imaging system simultaneously measured arterial and venous D (DA, DV) and SO2 (SO2A, SO2V) before and during light flicker.
Purpose: This article reports a method for en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and quantitative assessment of alterations in both thickness and reflectance of individual retinal layers at different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Methods: High-density OCT raster volume scans were acquired in 29 diabetic subjects divided into no DR (NDR) or non-proliferative DR (NPDR) groups and 22 control subjects (CNTL). A customized image segmentation method identified eight retinal layer interfaces and generated en face thickness maps and reflectance images for nerve fiber layer (NFL), ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers (GCLIPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), photoreceptor outer segment layer (OSL), and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).
Purpose: To assess whether complication rates are comparable between phacovitrectomy using multipiece lenses versus single-piece foldable intraocular lenses.
Methods: Single-center, multisurgeon retrospective comparative consecutive interventional case series. Two hundred and seventy-one patients undergoing combined phacovitrectomy performed during a single session at a university-based ophthalmology practice from 2004 to 2013 were identified, of whom 184 met study inclusion criteria; 56.
Article Synopsis
- - A study analyzed 7,043 cases of uveal melanoma using the SEER database from 1973 to 2009 to assess changes in prognosis and treatment approaches over time.
- - Findings revealed that the average age of diagnosis has increased, the frequency of spindle cell histology tumors has decreased, and these tumors are linked to better survival rates compared to other types.
- - Key factors influencing survival include tumor histology, T stage, and patient age at diagnosis, highlighting the significance of these characteristics for proper patient monitoring and prognosis.
This is a case report of a 54-year-old woman with chronic uveitis who developed epithelial downgrowth after an Ahmed valve implantation. The epithelial downgrowth presented in an unusual fashion, as a peritubular fibrovascular membrane. Our case suggests that in patients who have undergone glaucoma drainage implantation with clinical features such as persistent hypotony and atypical inflammatory cells, high clinical suspicion for epithelial downgrowth and careful search for potential fistulas are necessary, even without an obvious wound leak.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo patients presented to the University of Illinois at Chicago Eye and Ear Infirmary within 1 year with penetrating eye injuries caused by similar collapsible cloth and wire laundry hampers. Penetrating eye injuries in children are relatively rare but can result in poor visual outcomes and multiple vision-threatening complications. Both injuries at the University of Illinois resulted in an eye laceration as well as retinal complications similar to those reported with a high velocity injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To report a case of Purtscher-like retinopathy in association with capecitabine chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Methods: Case report.
Results: Bilateral retinal hemorrhages and cotton-wool spots in a predominantly juxtapapillary distribution were observed coincident with decreased vision.
TGFβ signaling induces expression of Gadd45b in retinal ganglion cells.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
February 2013
Purpose: Growth arrest and DNA damage protein 45b (Gadd45b) functions as an intrinsic neuroprotective molecule protecting retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from injury. This study was performed to elucidate further the induction pathway of Gadd45b expression in RGCs.
Methods: The induction of Gadd45b expression in response to TGFβNFκB signaling was investigated in RGC5 cultures in vitro and murine retina in vivo.