[Not Available].

LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN ANAPLASTIC THYROID CARCINOMA MANAGEMENT IN 2024: Anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs) represent a rare and undifferentiated form of thyroid cancer with a poor prognosis, typically marked by a median overall survival of four to ten months. However, recent advances have shown improvements due to the more systematic application of molecular testing, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy, alongside the establishment of rapid specialized care protocols in expert centers. Clinically, ATCs often present as a rapidly enlarging cervical mass originating from the thyroid, causing neck, pain and tenderness, dyspnea and dys-phagia, and associated lymphadenopathy, typically in elderly patients.

[Not Available].

TREATING RADIO-IODINE REFRACTORY DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CANCER IN 2024: About 5 to 10% of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have advanced tumors at presentation or recurrence, with invasive cervical disease and/or distant metastases that cannot be effectively treated by conventional treatment, i.e. thyroid surgery and radioactive iodine.

Pralsetinib in Patients with Advanced/Metastatic Rearranged During Transfection (RET)-Altered Thyroid Cancer: Updated Efficacy and Safety Data from the ARROW Study.

Rearranged during transfection () alterations are targetable oncogenic drivers in thyroid cancer. Primary data from the open-label, phase 1/2 ARROW study demonstrated clinical activity and manageable safety with pralsetinib, a selective RET inhibitor, in patients with advanced/metastatic -altered thyroid cancer. We present an updated analysis with more patients and longer follow-up.

Evaluating video-based consultations in routine clinical practice at a comprehensive cancer center.

Introduction: Integrating telemedicine into cancer care remains a major challenge. There are little clinical evidence for teleconsultation efficacy and safety in daily oncology practice. This study as a pioneering experience, aimed to analyze patient and physician opinions regarding the implementation of telemedicine consultations, and to identify major limitations of telehealth spread in an oncology institute.

ESTIMation of the ABiLity of prophylactic central compartment neck dissection to modify outcomes in low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer: a prospective randomized trial.

Background: Prophylactic central neck dissection in clinically low-risk cT1bT2N0 papillary thyroid carcinoma is controversial, due to a large number of conflicting retrospective studies, some showing an advantage in terms of locoregional recurrence, others showing no advantage. These previous studies all show high rates of excellent response. We aim to demonstrate the non-inferiority of thyroidectomy alone as compared to total thyroidectomy with prophylactic central neck dissection in conjunction with adjuvant RAI 30 mCi with rTSH stimulation in terms of excellent response at 1 year.

A Phase II Redifferentiation Trial with Dabrafenib-Trametinib and 131I in Metastatic Radioactive Iodine Refractory BRAF p.V600E-Mutated Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dabrafenib-trametinib-131I for the treatment of radioactive iodine refractory metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with a BRAF p.V600E mutation.

Patients And Methods: A prospective phase II trial including patients with RECIST progression within 18 months and no lesion > 3 cm.

Thyroidectomy without Radioiodine in Patients with Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer.

Background: In patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer undergoing thyroidectomy, the postoperative administration of radioiodine (iodine-131) is controversial in the absence of demonstrated benefits.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized, phase 3 trial, we assigned patients with low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer who were undergoing thyroidectomy to receive ablation with postoperative administration of radioiodine (1.1 GBq) after injections of recombinant human thyrotropin (radioiodine group) or to receive no postoperative radioiodine (no-radioiodine group).

[Molecular genotyping in refractory thyroid cancers in 2021: When, how and why? A review from the TUTHYREF network].

Refractory thyroid cancers include radio-iodine-refractory cancers, metastatic or locally advanced unresectable medullary and anaplastic thyroid cancers. Their management has been based for several years on the use of multi-target kinase inhibitors, with anti-angiogenic action, with the exception of anaplastic cancers usually treated with chemo- and radiotherapy. The situation has recently evolved due to the availability of molecular genotyping techniques allowing the discovery of rare but targetable molecular abnormalities.

Intermittent versus continuous administration of pazopanib in progressive radioiodine refractory thyroid carcinoma: Final results of the randomised, multicenter, open-label phase II trial PAZOTHYR.

Introduction: Multikinase inhibitor (MKI) treatments have shown efficacy in progressive radioiodine refractory thyroid cancers (RAIR-TC), but most patients experienced substantial adverse effects. This randomised multicentric study investigated intermittent versus continuous pazopanib administration.

Patients And Methods: The PAZOTHYR study included RAIR-TC patients with progressive disease in the last 12 months, who may have received one prior MKI.

Open-Label, Single-Arm, Multicenter, Phase II Trial of Lenvatinib for the Treatment of Patients With Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

Purpose: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), an aggressive malignancy, is associated with a poor prognosis and an unmet need for effective treatment, especially for patients without mutations or or fusions. Lenvatinib is US Food and Drug Administration-approved for radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and has previously demonstrated activity in a small study of patients with ATC (n = 17). We aimed to further evaluate lenvatinib in ATC.

Percutaneous thermal ablation of lung metastases from thyroid carcinomas. A retrospective multicenter study of 107 nodules. On behalf of the TUTHYREF network.

Purpose: To determine efficacy and safety of thermal ablation (TA) for the local treatment of lung metastases of thyroid cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 47 patients from 10 centers treated by TA (radiofrequency, microwaves, and cryoablation) over 10 years. The endpoints were overall survival (OS), local efficacy, complications (CTCAE classification), and factors associated with survival.

Limited efficacy of lenvatinib in heavily pretreated anaplastic thyroid cancer: a French overview.

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare lethal disease. Lenvatinib is an off-label therapeutic option for ATC in most countries, except in Japan. The aim of this multicenter retrospective survey was to analyze the efficacy and the toxicity profile of off-label lenvatinib treatment in all adults advanced ATC patients, in France.

Efficacy of Selpercatinib in -Altered Thyroid Cancers.

Background: mutations occur in 70% of medullary thyroid cancers, and fusions occur rarely in other thyroid cancers. In patients with -altered thyroid cancers, the efficacy and safety of selective RET inhibition are unknown.

Methods: We enrolled patients with -mutant medullary thyroid cancer with or without previous vandetanib or cabozantinib treatment, as well as those with previously treated fusion-positive thyroid cancer, in a phase 1-2 trial of selpercatinib.

The medical treatment of radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancers in 2019. A TUTHYREF network review.

Patients with radioiodine-refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) represent a challenging subgroup of DTC because they are at higher risk of cancer-related death. Multidisciplinary discussions can assess the role and the nature of local treatments, but also determine the optimal timing for first-line antiangiogenic therapy as some of these patients can be followed for several months or years without any treatment. In this review, we will examine the definition of RAIR-DTC, the different treatment options and finally some of the most recent cancer research breakthroughs for RAIR-DTC.

Outcome after ablation in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer (ESTIMABL1): 5-year follow-up results of a randomised, phase 3, equivalence trial.

Background: In ESTIMABL1, a randomised phase 3 trial of radioactive iodine (I) administration after complete surgical resection in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer, 92% of patients had complete thyroid ablation at 6-10 months, defined as a recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH)-stimulated serum thyroglobulin concentration of 1 ng/mL or less and normal findings on neck ultrasonography. Equivalence was shown between low-activity (1·1 GBq) and high-activity (3·7 GBq) radioactive iodine and also between the use of rhTSH injections and thyroid hormone withdrawal. Here, we report outcomes after 5 years of follow-up.

[Thyroid carcinoma on struma ovarii: Diagnosis and treatment].

Thyroid carcinoma on struma ovarii (TCSO) is a rare ovarian tumour, derivate from monodermic teratomas. It represents about 0.01% of overall ovarian tumours and 5 to 10% of struma ovarii.

Lenvatinib for the Treatment of Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer in Real-Life Practice.

In the Study of (E7080) Lenvatinib in Differentiated Cancer of the Thyroid (SELECT) phase 3 trial on advanced radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (rDTC), lenvatinib improved median progression-free survival over placebo by almost 15 months and induces an objective response rate of 64.8%, but adverse events occurred in almost all patients. The present study evaluates the efficacy and toxicity of lenvatinib treatment in real-life practice.

[Cabozantinib: Mechanism of action, efficacy and indications].

Cabozantinib is an oral multiple tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor (ITK): VEGFR2, c-MET and RET. Inhibition of VEGFR and c-MET decrease resistance of VEGFR inhibitor via c-MET axis. Cabozantinib improve progression-free survival (PFS) in progressive metastatic medullary thyroid cancer (MTC): 4 months in the placebo group and 11.