The gravity-driven membrane (GDM) system is an energy-efficient and environmentally sustainable water purification process; however, after prolonged operation, its membrane flux remains relatively low, making it necessary to adopt effective strategies for improving system performance. In this study, the effects of hydrostatic pressure (60, 100, 200 mbar) and pre-coating with aluminum-based flocs (ABF) on GDM flux and organic matter removal were investigated, and the regulatory mechanisms of the bio-cake layer were explored through interactions between morphological structure, composition and microbes. The results showed that the stable flux of the GDM-ABF system at a hydrostatic pressure of 60 mbar was almost equal to that at 100 mbar, and it outperformed higher hydrostatic pressure in organic matter removal, resulting in a more porous bio-cake layer structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a common metabolic disorder in children that can impact growth and neurodevelopment, particularly during infancy and early childhood. DUOXA2, a DUOX maturation factor, plays a crucial role in the maturation and activation of dual oxidase DUOX2 (a member of the NADPH oxidase family). DUOX2 can correctly migrate to the plasma membrane from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with the help of DUOXA2, and the two proteins together form a stable complex that promotes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation in the synthesis of thyroid hormones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Urolithiasis is characterized by a high morbidity and recurrence rate, primarily attributed to metabolic disorders. The identification of more metabolic biomarkers would provide valuable insights into the etiology of stone formation and the assessment of disease risk. The present study aimed to seek potential organic acid (OA) biomarkers from morning urine samples and explore new methods based on machine learning (ML) for metabolic risk prediction of urolithiasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCircularly polarized light emitting active materials are of great interest, and the convenient tuning of the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) remains a significant challenge. Integrating fluorescent materials into chiral photonic crystals to achieve tunable CPL is a promising approach, allowing efficient manipulation of CPL by adjusting the photonic band gap (PBG). We combined carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), which self-assembles into a cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: At the end of 2021, an epidemic of reproductive abnormalities in cows occurred in Jilin Province, China, posing an urgent need for a rapid diagnosis.
Results: To identify the cause of the disease, a total of 172 samples were collected from 21 dead calves and 45 aborting or pregnant cows in 10 farms across the province. Routine PCR or RT-PCR detection did not find any common abortion-related agents.
The impact of carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio on sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) initiated with different seed sludges for treating actual mariculture effluent was explored. Increasing the C/N ratio significantly enhanced the nitrogen removal efficiency, achieving average removal efficiency of 95% for ammonia nitrogen and 73% for total nitrogen at ratio of 30, while the impact of seed sludge was minimal. High C/N ratio promoted the secretion of tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS), which showed significant correlation with nitrogen removal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe occurrence and development of central nervous system (CNS) diseases is a multi-factor and multi-gene pathological process, and their diagnosis and treatment have always posed a serious challenge in the medical field. Therefore, exploring the relevant factors in the pathogenesis of CNS and improving the diagnosis and treatment rates has become an urgent problem. Piezo1 is a recently discovered mechanosensitive ion channel that opens in response to mechanical stimuli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Methionine adenosyltransferase I/III deficiency used to be considered a relatively benign disease. This study aims to elucidate the clinical characteristics of methionine adenosyltransferase I/III deficiency patients with neurological manifestations.
Methods: The clinical data, blood amino acids, plasma total homocysteine, gene variants, brain imaging, treatments and outcomes of 15 patients with methionine adenosyltransferase I/III deficiency were retrospectively analyzed.
The epigenetic reader SntB was identified as an important transcriptional regulator of growth, development, and secondary metabolite synthesis in . However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, by gene deletion and complementation, we found SntB is essential for mycelia growth, conidial production, sclerotia formation, aflatoxin synthesis, and host colonization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the risk of hypoglycemia also occurs in at a time-in-range (TIR) of > 70%. The hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) is considered the best single factor for predicting hypoglycemia, and offers new perspectives for the individualized treatment of patients with well-controlled blood glucose levels that are easily ignored in clinical settings.
Aim: To investigate the relationship between HGI and hypoglycemia and the implications of HGI on hypoglycemia in T2DM with TIR > 70%.
Purpose: To explore the relationship between glucose management indicator (GMI) and HbA1c and find the affecting factors in adult T2D patients with good glycemic control.
Methods: Adult T2D patients with both HbA1c < 7% and time in range (TIR) > 70% were retrospectively analyzed. A significant difference between GMI and HbA1c was defined as an absolute value of hemoglobin glycation index (|HGI|, HbA1c minus GMI) ≥ 0.
Materials (Basel)
September 2024
Optical instruments require extremely high precision, and even minor surface contamination can severely impact their performance. Peelable coatings offer an effective and non-damaging method for removing contaminants from optical surfaces. In this study, an amphiphilic polyacrylate copolymer (PMLEA) was synthesized via solution radical copolymerization using the lipophilic monomer lauryl acrylate (LA) and hydrophilic monomers ER-10, methyl methacrylate (MMA), and butyl acrylate (BA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommon respiratory viruses, including the human parainfluenza viruses, threaten human health seasonally and associate with the development of chronic lung diseases. Evidence suggests that these viruses can persist, but the sources of viral products in vivo and their impact on chronic respiratory diseases remain unknown. Using the murine parainfluenza virus Sendai, we demonstrate that viral protein and RNA persist in lung macrophages, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and dendritic cells long after the infectious virus is cleared.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The dynamics of mitochondrial respiratory cristae (MRC) and its impact on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) play a crucial role in driving the progression of high-grade glioma (HGG). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.
Methods: In the present study, we employed machine learning-based transmission electron microscopy analysis of 7141 mitochondria from 54 resected glioma patients.
Background: Static magnetic field (SMF) as an effective physical stimulus is capable of osteogenic differentiation for multiple mesenchymal stem cells, including human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). However, the exact molecular mechanism is still unknown. Therefore, this study intends to excavate molecular mechanisms related to SMF in hPDLSCs using functional experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis meta-analysis aimed to compare the effect of the real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) and flash glucose monitoring (FGM) on glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). A systematic literature search of all relevant studies comparing the clinical effectiveness of rt-CGM and FGM in adults with T1DM on Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus from January 2015 to June 2023 was performed. The primary endpoints were glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and TIR (time in range).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) deficiency (OMIM 237300), an autosomal recessive rare and severe urea cycle disorder, is associated with hyperammonemia and high mortality.
Methods: Herein we present 12 genetic variants identified in seven clinically well-characterized Chinese patients with CPS1 deficiency who were admitted to the Children's Medical Center of Peking University First Hospital from September 2014 to August 2023.
Results: Seven patients (two male and five female patients including two sisters) experienced symptoms onset between 2 days and 13 years of age, and they were diagnosed with CPS1 deficiency between 2 months and 20 years.
Background: Leigh syndrome (LS) is a common mitochondrial disease caused by mutations in both mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (IARS2) encodes mitochondrial isoleucine-tRNA synthetase, and variants in IARS2 have been reported to cause LS. However, the pathogenic mechanism of IARS2 variants is still unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
January 2025
The growing demand for clean energy has heightened interest in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage. However, the sluggish reaction kinetics and significant volumetric changes in anode materials present challenges to the electrochemical performance of SIBs. This work introduces a hierarchical structure where WS is confined between an inner hard carbon core and an outer nitrogen-doped carbon shell, forming HC@WS@NCs core-shell structures as anodes for SIBs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVCs) are very common in clinical practice, with frequent PVCs (more than 30 beats per hour) or polymorphic PVCs significantly increasing the risk of mortality. Previous studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation improves ventricular arrhythmias. Stimulation of the auricular distribution of the vagus nerve has proven to be a simple, safe, and effective method to activate the vagus nerve.
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