JOL reactivity in negative faces memory: an examination of the changed-goal hypothesis.

JOL reactivity denotes the modulation of memory performance by making judgments of learning (JOLs). Previous studies centering on verbal materials, evidence pertaining to visual stimuli, particularly emotional faces, remains limited. Additionally, theoretical frameworks explaining JOL reactivity remain contested.

Absorbable Meek skin graft material transplantation: A preliminary experimental study.

Background: Wound closure is the core issue in treating patients with extensive burns. Allogeneic grafts can serve as a suitable temporary substitute in third-degree burns, and the Meek technique has provided encouraging outcomes in recent decades. However, whether allografts and the Meek technique could be used simultaneously so as to leverage the strengths of both has not been extensively examined.

Application of a risk score model based on glycosylation-related genes in the prognosis and treatment of patients with low-grade glioma.

Introduction: Low-grade gliomas (LGG) represent a heterogeneous and complex group of brain tumors. Despite significant progress in understanding and managing these tumors, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed. Glycosylation, a common post-translational modification of proteins, plays a significant role in tumor transformation.

Judgments of learning reactively affect memory by inducing covert retrieval.

Making judgments of learning (JOLs) can directly influence memory, a phenomenon termed the reactivity effect of JOLs. However, controversy surrounds the mechanism behind JOL reactivity. This study employs related and unrelated word pairs as learning materials to compare memory outcomes across different JOL conditions.

Activation of TGR5 Increases Urine Concentration by Inducing AQP2 and AQP3 Expression in Renal Medullary Collecting Ducts.

Introduction: G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5), the first G protein-coupled receptor for bile acids identified, is capable of activating a variety of intracellular signaling pathways after interacting with bile acids. TGR5 plays an important role in multiple physiological processes and is considered to be a potential target for the treatment of various metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Evidence has emerged that genetic deletion of TGR5 results in an increase in basal urine output, suggesting that it may play a critical role in renal water and salt reabsorption.

Elucidating the underlying components of metacognitive systematic bias in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal cortex.

Metacognitive systematic bias impairs human learning efficiency, which is characterized by the inconsistency between predicted and actual memory performance. However, the underlying mechanism of metacognitive systematic bias remains unclear in existing studies. In this study, we utilized judgments of learning task in human participants to compare the neural mechanism difference in metacognitive systematic bias.

Nanoemulsions Stable against Ostwald Ripening.

Ostwald ripening, the dominant mechanism of droplet size growth for an O/W nanoemulsion at high surfactant concentrations, depends on micelles in the water phase and high aqueous solubility of oil, especially for spontaneously formed nanoemulsions. In our study, O/W nanoemulsions were formed spontaneously by mixing a water phase with an oil phase containing fatty alcohol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether (APE). By monitoring periodically the droplet size of the nanoemulsions via dynamic light scattering, we demonstrated that the formed O/W nanoemulsions are stable against Ostwald ripening, i.

A pan-cancer analysis of prognostic significance and immunological role of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3.

Lysosomal dysfunction can drive carcinogenesis. Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3), is a member of the Lysosome Associated Membrane Proteins and is involved in the malignant phenotype such as tumour metastasis and drug resistance, while the mechanisms that regulate the malignant progression of tumour remain vague. Our study aims to provide a more systematic and comprehensive understanding of the role of LAMP3 in the progression of various cancers by various databases.

Mouse Trophoblast Cells Have Attenuated Responses to TNF-α and IFN-γ and Can Avoid Synergic Cytotoxicity of the Two Cytokines.

TNF-α and IFN-γ are two inflammatory cytokines that play critical roles in immune responses, but they can also negatively affect cell proliferation and viability. In particular, the combination of the two cytokines (TNF-α/IFN-γ) synergistically causes cytotoxicity in many cell types. We recently reported that mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) isolated from the blastocyst stage embryo do not respond to TNF-α and have limited response to IFN-γ, thereby avoiding TNF-α/IFN-γ cytotoxicity.

Bile acid receptors and renal regulation of water homeostasis.

The kidney is the key organ responsible for maintaining the body's water and electrolyte homeostasis. About 99% of the primary urine filtered from the Bowman's capsule is reabsorbed along various renal tubules every day, with only 1-2 L of urine excreted. Aquaporins (AQPs) play a vital role in water reabsorption in the kidney.

Estrogen receptor β attenuates renal fibrosis by suppressing the transcriptional activity of Smad3.

Renal fibrosis (RF) is a common pathway leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD), which lacks effective treatment. While estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is known to be present in the kidney, its role in RF remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of ERβ during RF progression in patients and animal models with CKD.

Glucagon Promotes Gluconeogenesis through the GCGR/PKA/CREB/PGC-1α Pathway in Hepatocytes of the Japanese Flounder .

In order to investigate the mechanism of glucagon regulation of gluconeogenesis, primary hepatocytes of the Japanese flounder () were incubated with synthesized glucagon, and methods based on inhibitors and gene overexpression were employed. The results indicated that glucagon promoted glucose production and increased the mRNA levels of glucagon receptor (), guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gs α subunit (), adenylate cyclase 2 (), protein kinase A (), cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (), and glucose-6-phosphatase () in the hepatocytes. An inhibitor of GCGR decreased the mRNA expression of , , , , , , , the protein expression of phosphorylated CREB and PGC-1α, and glucose production.

Errate: Relationship Between Changes in Cranio-Cervical Extensor Muscles and Quality of Life: A Single-Center Study of 15 Patients with Chronic Tension-Type Headache.

The authors requested to correct the spelling of labels in Figure 3. The correct spelling should be "Healthy persons". The other elements of the figure remain the same, and the interpretation of the results remain unchanged.

Regulating conduction and polarization losses by adjusting bonded N in N-doped Cu/CuO/C composites.

Conduction and polarization losses are the main forms of dielectric loss, and regulating these mechanisms is key to obtaining favorable electromagnetic wave absorption performance. In this study, the conversion of graphite N and pyridine N in Cu-based metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived composites was adopted to modulate conduction and polarization losses by tuning the pyrolysis temperature and Cu salt concentration. The results show that increasing the pyrolysis temperature facilitates the conversion of pyridine N to graphite N, which is beneficial for conduction loss.

Relationship Between Changes in Cranio-Cervical Extensor Muscles and Quality of Life: A Single-Center Study of 15 Patients with Chronic Tension-Type Headache.

BACKGROUND This single-center study of 15 patients with chronic tension-type headache aimed to compare the cranio-cervical extensor muscles between patients with chronic tension-type headache and healthy individuals and to explore the relationship between changes in cranio-cervical extensor muscles and quality of life (QoL). MATERIAL AND METHODS We recruited 15 patients with chronic tension-type headache and 15 healthy individuals. Patients with chronic tension-type headache were diagnosed by 2 neurologists according to the diagnostic criteria in the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3).

Role of FXR in Renal Physiology and Kidney Diseases.

Farnesoid X receptor, also known as the bile acid receptor, belongs to the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily of ligand-regulated transcription factors, which performs its functions by regulating the transcription of target genes. FXR is highly expressed in the liver, small intestine, kidney and adrenal gland, maintaining homeostasis of bile acid, glucose and lipids by regulating a diverse array of target genes. It also participates in several pathophysiological processes, such as inflammation, immune responses and fibrosis.

Comprehensive Analysis of Cuproptosis-Related Genes in Prognosis and Immune Infiltration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Bulk and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data.

Background: Studies on prognostic potential and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) characteristics of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited. Methods: A multigene signature model was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis. The cuproptosis-related multivariate cox regression analysis and bulk RNA-seq-based immune infiltration analysis were performed.

Effects of dietary yeast culture on health status in digestive tract of juvenile Pacific white shrimp .

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary yeast culture (YC) on health status in digestive tract of juvenile Pacific white shrimp . Shrimps (initial weight: 3.33 ± 0.

Phosphorylation of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13 at serine 33 attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-13 is a hepatocyte-specific, lipid droplet-associated protein. A common loss-of-function variant of HSD17B13 (rs72613567: TA) protects patients against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with underlying mechanism incompletely understood. In the present study, we identify the serine 33 of 17β-HSD13 as an evolutionally conserved PKA target site and its phosphorylation facilitates lipolysis by promoting its interaction with ATGL on lipid droplets.

An N-glycoproteomic site-mapping analysis reveals glycoprotein alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Aberrant glycosylation has been recognized as a hallmark of cancer and N-glycosylation is one of the main types of glycosylation in eukaryotes. Although N-glycoproteomics has made contributions to the discovery of biomarkers in a variety of cancers, less is known about the abnormal glycosylation signatures in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: In this study, we reported the proteomics and N-glycoproteomic site-mapping analysis of eight pairs of ESCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues.

Mouse Trophoblast Cells Can Provide IFN-Based Antiviral Protection to Embryonic Stem Cells via Paracrine Signaling.

The blastocyst is the preimplantation stage embryo that consists of two major components: the inner cell mass (ICM) and the trophectoderm (TE). The ICM gives rise to the fetus and some extraembryonic tissues whereas the TE contributes to development of the placenta. Previous studies have demonstrated that both human and mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) derived from the ICM are deficient in expressing type I IFNs in response to viral infection.