PRR promotes hypertensive renal injury by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inflammation infiltration in mice.

Hypertension stands out as a substantial independent risk factor in the progression of chronic kidney disease; however, the exact pathological mechanisms remain elusive. Our preliminary studies find that Wnt/β-catenin control renin-angiotensin system (RAS) expression, thus playing an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and renal fibrosis. As an integral component of the RAS, the (pro)renin receptor (PRR) plays a crucial role in the activation of the RAS and hypertension.

Polysaccharides from Sacha Inchi shell reduces renal fibrosis in mice by modulating the TGF-β1/Smad pathway and intestinal microbiota.

Renal fibrosis is a common pathway involved in the progression of various chronic kidney to end-stage diseases, posing a substantial global public health challenge in the search for effective and safe treatments. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of sacha inchi shell polysaccharide (SISP) on renal fibrosis induced by a high-salt diet (HSD) in mice. By analysing kidney-related protein pathways and the structure of gut microbiota, we found that SISP significantly reduced urinary protein levels induced by a HSD from 41.

Identification of carbohydrate in Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl and inhibiting oxidative stress.

The specific structure of Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl polysaccharide (PKP) has been rarely reported. In this study, an inulin-type fructan PKP-1, was extracted and purified from Polygonatum kingianum Coll.

Study on the eye movement characteristics of the badminton practitioners of different levels regarding visual attention.

Badminton is a highly sophisticated, fierce, and competitive tactical game. It requires the same action of hitting a ball with different landing points. Therefore, the complexity of badminton practitioner's sports decision-making is relatively high.

Characterization of antidiabetic effects of Dendrobium officinale derivatives in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In this research, two sequential Dendrobium officinale water extracts (WDOE and WDOP1) were shown to significantly ameliorate type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) in a mouse model. WDOP1 was identified as a glucomannan with a backbone of 1,4-linked Manp and 1,4-linked Glcp and an average molecular weight of 731 kDa. We also found that both WDOE and WDOP1 could significantly alleviate glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, oxidative stress injury, serum lipid metabolism disturbances, and histopathological damage in T2DM mice.

Supplementation of Bacillus sp. DU-106 Alleviates Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Association with the Regulation of Intestinal Microbiota in Mice.

Bacillus sp. DU-106, a potential probiotic, has been proved to activate innate immunity, reduce hypercholesterolemia, and regulate the gut microbiota of mice. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of strain DU-106 in antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) via analyzing the changes in gut microbial composition in mice.

Semen Sojae Praeparatum alters depression-like behaviors in chronic unpredictable mild stress rats via intestinal microbiota.

A large number of Chinese medical books present that Semen Sojae Praeparatum, a fermented food, possesses antidepressant effect, but the mechanism of this antidepressant effect remains largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect of Semen Sojae Praeparatum on rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. The results showed that Semen Sojae Praeparatum improved depression-like behaviors (negative preference of sugar water and increased swimming immobility time and time spent in the dark zone) and effectively reduced cell morphological changes in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in CUMS rats.

Structural characteristics of a mannoglucan isolated from Chinese yam and its treatment effects against gut microbiota dysbiosis and DSS-induced colitis in mice.

A water-soluble polysaccharide named CYP-1 was isolated from Chinese yam. CYP-1 was characterized as a mannoglucan having a backbone consisting predominately of 1,4-α-linked Glcp branched at O-2, O-3, and O-6 position by t-α-linked Manp with a molecular weight of 2.86 kDa.

Improves Plant Growth, Root Morphology and Phytohormone Balance of in Arsenic-Contaminated Soils.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to improve the resistance of host plants against various heavy metal stresses. However, the arsenic (As) resistance mechanism of AMF-inoculated woody legumes remains unclear. In this study, black locust ( L.

HIV-1 Transactivator Protein Induces ZO-1 and Neprilysin Dysfunction in Brain Endothelial Cells via the Ras Signaling Pathway.

Amyloid beta (A) deposition is increased in human immunodeficiency virus-1- (HIV-1-) infected brain, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of Ras signaling in HIV-1 transactivator protein- (Tat-) induced A accumulation in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (HBEC-5i). Cell viability assay showed that 1 g/mL Tat and 20 mol/L of the Ras inhibitor farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) had no significant effect on HBEC-5i cell viability after 24 h exposure.

HIV-1 Tat Regulates Occludin and Aβ Transfer Receptor Expression in Brain Endothelial Cells via Rho/ROCK Signaling Pathway.

HIV-1 transactivator protein (Tat) has been shown to play an important role in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between occludin and amyloid-beta (Aβ) transfer receptors in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) in the context of HIV-1-related pathology. The protein expressions of occludin, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) in hCMEC/D3 cells were examined using western blotting and immunofluorescent staining.

LPS Induces Occludin Dysregulation in Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Cells via MAPK Signaling and Augmenting MMP-2 Levels.

Disrupted blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity contributes to cerebral edema during central nervous system infection. The current study explored the mechanism of lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced dysregulation of tight junction (TJ) proteins. Human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) were exposed to LPS, SB203580 (p38MAPK inhibitor), or SP600125 (JNK inhibitor), and cell vitality was determined by MTT assay.

Rosiglitazone suppresses HIV-1 Tat-induced vascular inflammation via Akt signaling.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARƔ) contributes to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-induced dysfunction of brain endothelial cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protection mechanism of PPARƔ against Tat-induced responses of adhesion molecules. We measured the protein expressions of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) and C57BL/6J mouse brain microvessels with Western blotting and immunofluorescent labeling.