Rheological Properties and Kinetics of Gelation of Binary Polymers between Xanthan Gum and Locust Bean Gum.

The synergistic interaction and gelling kinetics between xanthan gum (XG) and locust bean gum (LBG) at different mass ratios (XG/LBG 9:1, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, 1:9) were investigated using a rheometer. The results showed that the mixtures of XG and LBG induced gel formation, and the strongest gel structure was found for the mixture of XG/LBG 3:7 according to the yield stress, storage modulus (G'), and power law parameters. Temperature ramp studies indicated that heating destroyed the gels at 55~60 °C, while cooling induced the sol-gel transition at around 52 °C for all mixtures.

Recent advances in biosynthesis mechanisms and yield enhancement strategies of erythritol.

Erythritol is a four-carbon sugar alcohol naturally produced by microorganisms as an osmoprotectant. As a new sugar substitute, erythritol has recently been popular on the ingredient market because of its unique nutritional characteristics. Even though the history of erythritol biosynthesis dates from the turn of the twentieth century, scientific advancement has lagged behind other polyols due to the relative complexity of making it.

Interactions between structure and function of resistant glucans for alleviating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications in mice.

Resistant glucan, a functional dietary fiber, has been shown to alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications in clinical studies. However, the interactions between the special structure of resistant glucan and the metabolism-related pathways in T2DM have not yet been systematically studied. This study identified the structural differences between resistant glucans prepared by new and old methods.

Role of STAT3 and NRF2 in Tumors: Potential Targets for Antitumor Therapy.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2, also known as NFE2L2), are two of the most complicated transcription regulators, which participate in a variety of physiological processes. Numerous studies have shown that they are overactivated in multiple types of tumors. Interestingly, STAT3 and NRF2 can also interact with each other to regulate tumor progression.

Preparation of resistant glucan by high pressure processing (HPP) and enzymatic methods increases indigestibility.

This study describes a new method for producing high-quality resistant glucan by characterizing the structural mechanism of indigestibility. The structures and properties of resistant glucans were characterized before and after in vitro simulated digestion. The results demonstrated that high-pressure processing (HPP) led to the complete disappearance of crystal peaks and increased the efficiency of the two enzymes (α-amylase and transglucosidase).

Batch fermentation kinetics of acetoin produced by HB-32.

Objectives: The aim of this work was to study the changes of bacterial cell growth, acetion formation and glucose consumption with fermentation time during batch cultivation.

Results: A mathematical model of cell growth, product synthesis, and substrate consumption changes with time during the batch cultivation of acetion was established. By analyzing the fitting curve of the kinetic model, it is found that the calculated value of the model fits well with the experimental value, and the fitting model R2 is greater than 0.

2-Keto-D-gluconic acid and prodigiosin producing by a .

Microbial fermentation has become the main method to produce target compound. In this study, a 2-Keto-D-gluconic acid (2-KGA) producing mutant strain was obtained by mutation with rational screening methods. Meanwhile, prodigiosin was produced when the nitrogen source in the medium was changed to peptone and its fermentation conditions were evaluated to achieve high-efficient accumulation.

Effects of soluble dietary fibers on the viscosity property and digestion kinetics of corn starch digesta.

Four soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) were fortified with corn starch (CS) at different concentrations to match the same viscosity equivalents. The mixtures were subjected to a simulated digestion procedure to study the effects of SDFs on viscosity properties and digestion kinetics of CS. Results showed that SDFs increased the hydration property and decreased the water mobility of digesta.

Evaluation of Reactivity of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Omp25 of spp.

Brucellosis is a serious zoonosis occurring mainly in developing countries, and its diagnosis is largely dependent on serologic detection and bacterial culture. In this study, we developed the murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against a conserved and major outer membrane protein 25 (Omp25) of species (. spp.

The Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Apelin/APJ System on Ischemic Stroke: A Promising Therapeutic Target.

The orphan receptor APJ and its endogenous ligand apelin, which are expressed in the brain, are the major components of the apelin/APJ system. Growing evidence shows that the apelin/APJ system plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemic injury. Targeting the apelin/APJ system may have protective effects on cerebral ischemic injury.

Epidemic features of seasonal influenza transmission among eight different climate zones in Gansu, China.

Backgrounds: Seasonal influenza remains epidemic globally with a substantial health burden. Understanding the transmission patterns and epidemic features of influenza may facilitate the improvement of preventive and control measures. This study aims to assess the epidemic features of influenza among different climate zones and identify high-risk zones across Gansu province, China.

Interaction between barley β-glucan and corn starch and its effects on the in vitro digestion of starch.

A β-glucan was extracted from hull-less barley (HBBG) and its effects on the solution properties and in vitro digestion of corn starch (CS) were studied. Rheological results showed that HBBG diminished the gelling ability and increased the apparent viscosity of CS solution. The critical concentration was lowered from 1.

Exopolysaccharide from Streptococcus thermophilus as stabilizer in fermented dairy: Binding kinetics and interactions with casein of milk.

Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from lactic acid bacteria have great effect on the quality of fermented milk products. However, the mechanism for the quality improvement has not been well described. This study aimed to investigate the molecular binding kinetics and interactions between EPS obtained from Streptococcus thermophilus AR333 (EPS333) and casein of milk (CM) in a simulated acidifying process.

Telomere Length: A Potential Biomarker for the Risk and Prognosis of Stroke.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Age is associated with increased risk of stroke, while telomere length shortening plays a pivotal role in the process of aging. Moreover, telomere length shortening is associated with many risk factors of stroke in addition to age.

Rheological properties of Prunus persica exudate: Potential effects of proteins and polyphenols.

This study was to investigate the rheological properties of graded Prunus persica exudates (peach gums). Graded peach gums were extracted by hot water and precipitated by ethanol to obtain white peach gum polysaccharide (WPGP) and yellow peach gum polysaccharide (YPGP). Chemical analysis showed that YPGP had 0.

Composition and Rheological Properties of Polysaccharide Extracted from Tamarind ( L.) Seed.

A polysaccharide was extracted in high yield from tamarind ( L.) seed (TSP) by acidic hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation. It was composed of 86.

Ureter tissue engineering with vessel extracellular matrix and differentiated urine-derived stem cells.

Objective: To assess the possibility of ureter tissue engineering using vessel extracellular matrix (VECM) and differentiated urine-derived stem cells (USCs) in a rabbit model.

Methods: VECM was prepared by a modified technique. USCs were isolated from human urine samples and cultured with an induction medium for the differentiation of the cells into urothelium and smooth muscle phenotypes.

Enhanced itaconic acid production in Yarrowia lipolytica via heterologous expression of a mitochondrial transporter MTT.

Itaconic acid, a promising platform chemical, has been applied in many fields of industrial production. As a potential candidate for itaconic acid production, Yarrowia lipolytica possesses several innate abilities such as the tolerance of low-pH and high-shear stress, fast growth rate, cultivation flexibility, and easy for genetic manipulation. Here, Y.

Characteristic of HPV Integration in the Genome and Transcriptome of Cervical Cancer Tissues.

High-risk HPV is clearly associated with cervical cancer. HPV integration has been confirmed to promote carcinogenesis in the previous studies. In our study, a total of 285 DNA breakpoints and 287 RNA breakpoints were collected.

Effect of ERβ-regulated ERK1/2 signaling on biological behaviors of prostate cancer cells.

Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) plays a role in prostate carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of ERβ gene silencing in PC3 androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. PC3 cells were transfected with vector alone, scrambled shRNA vector, vector encoding ERβ-targeting shRNA (shERβ), or shERβ followed by addition of PD98059, a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor (shERβ+PD98059).

Effect of deletion of 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase gene (bdhA) on acetoin production of Bacillus subtilis.

The present work aims to block 2,3-butanediol synthesis in acetoin fermentation of Bacillus subtilis. First, we constructed a recombinant strain BS168D by deleting the 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase gene bdhA of the B. subtilis168, and there was almost no 2,3-butanediol production in 20 g/L of glucose media.

Heterodimerization of the kappa opioid receptor and neurotensin receptor 1 contributes to a novel β-arrestin-2-biased pathway.

Together with its endogenous ligands (dynorphin), the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) plays an important role in modulating various physiological and pharmacological responses, with a classical G protein-coupled pathway mediating analgesia and non-G protein-dependent pathway, especially the β-arrestin-dependent pathway, eliciting side effects of dysphoria, aversion, drug-seeking in addicts, or even relapse to addiction. Although mounting evidence has verified a functional overlap between dynorphin/KOR and neurotensin/neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) systems, little is known about direct interaction between the two receptors. Here, we showed that KOR and NTSR1 form a heterodimer that functions as a novel pharmacological entity, and this heterodimer, in turn, brings about a switch in KOR-mediated signal transduction, from G protein-dependent to β-arrestin-2-dependent.

[Response of cotton seeding date to climate warming in Northern Slope Economic Zone of Tianshan Mountain, China].

Based on the meteorological date acquired from 11 meteorological stations in Northern Slope Economic Zone of Tianshan Mountain during 1971-2010 and by using the methods of linear regression, t-test technique and IDW interpolation, this paper analyzed the spatial distribution of each ten-day average temperature from late March to late April and beginning date of ≥ 12 °C to understand the effect of climate change on the cotton seeding date. Results showed that each ten-day average temperature from late March to late April increased by 0. 8, 0.