Intramicellar sensor assays: Improving sensing sensitivity of sensor array for thiol biomarkers.

Array-based analysis allows for precise disease diagnosis by simultaneously detecting multiple biomarkers. However, most array sensing platforms rely on non-covalent interactions between sensors and analytes, which limits their sensitivity. This study enhances the sensitivity of array analysis for thiol biomarkers by incorporating polyion complex micelles into the sensor array design.

Application of molten salt thermoelectric effect in biomass preparation of hydrogen-rich gas, porous biochar and molten salt regeneration.

Hydrogen production from biomass pyrolysis is attractive since it allows for green hydrogen production through feedstock and thermal conversion. However, the key limiting factors for hydrogen production are the high oxygen content, uneven heating of biomass pellets during the slow heating process, and insufficient depolymerization due to low reaction temperatures (low gas yields and low hydrogen content). To address these challenges, fast pyrolysis of super Arundo in NaOH-NaCO molten salt was carried out in this paper at 450 °C, 550 °C and 650 °C.

Optimizing energy threshold selection for low-concentration contrast agent quantification in small animal photon-counting CT.

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are widely used for biological research and applications. The in-vivo concentration of GNPs is usually low due to biological safety concerns, thus posing a challenge for imaging. This work investigates on optimal energy threshold selection in photon-counting detector(PCD)-based CT (PCCT) for the quantification of low-concentration GNPs.

LMSST-GCN: Longitudinal MRI sub-structural texture guided graph convolution network for improved progression prediction of knee osteoarthritis.

Background And Objectives: Accurate prediction of progression in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is significant for early personalized intervention. Previous methods commonly focused on quantifying features from a specific sub-structure imaged at baseline and resulted in limited performance. We proposed a longitudinal MRI sub-structural texture-guided graph convolution network (LMSST-GCN) for improved KOA progression prediction.

Single-cell sequencing revealed the necessity of macrophages in brain microenvironment remodeling by breast cancer metastasis.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, 30-50 % of patients with advanced breast cancer develop brain metastasis, causing severe damage to their life quality. Due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), brain lesions were recognized to be a unique microenvironment with limited infiltration of circulating immune cells and drugs. However, emerging studies reported the immunology of the brain tumor microenvironment (TME) and indicated the potential of immunotherapy against brain metastases.

Comprehensive analysis of protein post-translational modifications reveals PTPN2-STAT1-AOX axis-mediated tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinomas.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor. Although the proteomics of HCC is well studied, the landscape of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in HCC is poorly understood. The PTMs themselves and their crosstalk might be deeply involved in HCC development and progression.

Targeting p38 MAPK signaling pathway and neutrophil extracellular traps: An important anti-inflammatory mechanism of Huangqin Qingre Chubi Capsule in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic autoimmune disease. Neutrophils release and their extracellular traps (NETs) tend to result in synovial inflammation and cartilage damage. Huangqin Qingre Chubi Capsule (HQC) is an important herbal formulation for RA treatment and has been used for many years.

Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses revealed overexpression of TaMGD enhances wheat plant heat stress resistance through multiple responses.

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), as the primary lipid component of thylakoid membranes, has a significant part in plant growth and stress response. The current study employed two transgenic wheat lines (MG1516 and MG1314) overexpressing the MGDG synthase gene (TaMGD) and wild-type cv "JW1" to explore the function of TaMGD in response to high temperature stress during the anthesis stage of wheat. Under high-temperature stress, the overexpressed wheat lines exhibited higher grain weight, increased antioxidant enzyme activity, and lower HO and malondialdehyde contents in leaves.

Association between cumulative loneliness and risk of cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged and older adults: A longitudinal study.

Objective: Previous longitudinal studies have investigated the association between baseline loneliness and the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Nevertheless, the cumulative effect of loneliness on CVD remains uncertain. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between the cumulative duration of loneliness and the risk of CVD in middle-aged and older adults.

Polydopamine/Melamine Sponge-Derived Compressible Carbon Foam for High-Performance Supercapacitors.

Electrode materials with a deformation capability are vital to the development of flexible supercapacitors. However, the preparation of porous carbons with a deformability remains challenging. Herein, a compressible carbon foam has been successfully prepared using a polydopamine/melamine sponge (PDA/MS) as the precursor material.

NAT10 promotes pyroptosis and pancreatic injury of severe acute pancreatitis through ac4C modification of NLRP3.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a highly morbid acute digestive disorder linked to pyroptosis. N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) facilitates the production of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) modifications in mRNA, thereby contributing to the progression of various diseases. However, the specific role of NAT10 in SAP remains to be elucidated.

Stereoretentive Conversion to -Glycosides from -Glycosides via Ligand-Coupling on Sulfur(IV).

A novel strategy is reported for the stereoselective synthesis of C(sp)-C(sp) -glycosides, which converts heteroaryl -glycosides into heteroaryl -glycosides with retention of configuration through a sequential process involving oxidation and Grignard reagent attack. The new method involves the generation of a S(IV) intermediate, followed by ligand coupling of the glycosyl and heteroaryl groups to yield heteroaryl -glycosides. The diverse heteroaryl -glycosides were achieved with good efficiency.

Reshape Iron Nanoparticles Using a Zinc Oxide Nanowire Array for High Efficiency and Stable Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation.

As a type of century-old catalyst, the use of iron-based materials runs through the Haber-Bosch process and electrochemical synthesis of ammonia because of its excellent capability, low cost, and abundant reserves. How to continuously improve its catalytic activity and stability for electrochemical nitrogen fixation has always been a goal pursued by scientific researchers. Herein, we develop a free-standing iron-based catalyst, i.

HIV-1 Vpu and SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a proteins disrupt STING-mediated activation of antiviral NF-κB signaling.

Activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway by cytosolic DNA leads to the activation of the transcription factors interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Although many viruses produce proteins that inhibit IRF3-dependent antiviral responses, some viruses produce proteins that inhibit STING-induced NF-κB activation without blocking IRF3 activation. Here, we found that STING-activated, NF-κB-dependent, and IRF3-independent innate immunity inhibited the replication of the DNA virus herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), the RNA virus coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16), and the retrovirus HIV-1.

FLOWERING LOCUS C-like mediates low-ambient-temperature-induced late flowering in chrysanthemum.

The flowering time of Chrysanthemum morifolium predominantly depends on day length but is also sensitive to ambient temperature. However, the mechanisms underlying the response of chrysanthemum to ambient temperature are mainly unknown. This study identified a MADS-box transcription factor called CmFLC-like, a representative low ambient temperature-responsive factor induced in chrysanthemum leaves and shoot apical meristems at 15°C.

Targeting TTK Inhibits Tumorigenesis of T-Cell Lymphoma Through Dephosphorylating p38α and Activating AMPK/mTOR Pathway.

T-cell lymphoma (TCL) is a group of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with high heterogeneity and unfavorable prognosis. Current standard treatments have demonstrated limited efficacy in improving the outcomes for TCL patients. Therefore, identification of novel drug targets is urgently needed to improve the prognosis of TCL patients.

Treatment of Denervated Muscle Atrophy by Injectable Dual-Responsive Hydrogels Loaded with Extracellular Vesicles.

Denervated muscle atrophy, a common outcome of nerve injury, often results in irreversible fibrosis due to the limited effectiveness of current therapeutic interventions. While extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer promise for treating muscle atrophy, their therapeutic potential is hindered by challenges in delivery and bioactivity within the complex microenvironment of the injury site. To address this issue, an injectable hydrogel is developed that is responsive to both ultrasound and pH, with inherent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, designed to improve the targeted delivery of stem cell-derived EVs.

Multiscale Hierarchical Micro- and Nano-Surface Induced by High-Repetition-Rate Femtosecond Laser Promote Peri-Implant Osseointegration.

Micro- and nanomorphological modification and roughening of titanium implant surfaces can enhance osseointegration; however, the optimal morphology remains unclear. Laser processing of implant surfaces has demonstrated significant potential due to its precision, controllability, and environmental friendliness. Femtosecond lasers, through precise optimization of processing parameters, can modify the surface of any solid material to generate micro- and nanomorphologies of varying scales and roughness.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Orvacabtagene Autoleucel, an Autologous BCMA-Directed Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Product, in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Purpose: Orvacabtagene autoleucel (orva-cel; JCARH125), a CAR T-cell therapy targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), was evaluated in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients in the EVOLVE phase 1/2 study (NCT03430011). We applied a modified piecewise model to characterize orva-cel transgene kinetics and assessed the impact of various covariates on its pharmacokinetics (PK).

Experimental Design: The population PK analysis included 159 patients from the EVOLVE study.

Tacrolimus and diabetic rodent models.

Tacrolimus (TAC) is an immunosuppressant widely utilized in organ transplantation. One of its primary adverse effects is glucose metabolism disorder, which significantly increases the risk of diabetes. Investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying TAC-induced diabetes is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies for these adverse effects.

NnMTP10 from Nelumbo nucifera acts as a transporter mediating manganese and iron efflux.

Deficiency or excess of mineral elements in the environment is a primary factor limiting crop yields and nutritional quality. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is an important aquatic crop in Asia, but the mechanism for accumulating mineral nutrients and coping with nutrient deficiency/excess is still largely unknown. Here, we identified NnMTP10, a member of the cation diffusion facilitator family, by screening the cDNA library of lotus.

Aging and tumors: a dynamic interaction.

Aging is an inevitable physiological process in organisms, and the development of tumors is closely associated with cellular senescence. This article initially examines the role of cellular senescence in tumorigenesis, emphasizing the correlation between telomere length-a marker of cellular senescence-and tumor risk. Concurrently, the study explores the expression levels of senescence-associated markers, such as p16, p53, and mTOR, in the context of tumor development.

The efficacy and safety of suvemcitug, envafolimab, and FOLFIRI in microsatellite-stable or mismatch repair-proficient colorectal cancer: preliminary results of a phase 2 study.

Purpose: This phase II study is designed to evaluate the combination therapy involving suvemcitug and envafolimab with FOLFIRI in microsatellite-stable or mismatch repair-proficient (MSS/pMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) in the second-line treatment setting.

Methods: This study is a non-randomized, open-label prospective study comprising multiple cohorts (NCT05148195). Here, we only report the data from the CRC cohort.

Fibroblast activation protein peptide-targeted NIR-I/II fluorescence imaging for stable and functional detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the primary stromal component of the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), affecting tumor progression and post-resection recurrence. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a key biomarker of CAFs. However, there is limited evidence on using FAP as a target in near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging for HCC.