Structure-Based Design, Virtual Screening, and Discovery of Novel Patulin Derivatives as Biogenic Photosystem II Inhibiting Herbicides.

Computer-aided design usually gives inspirations and has become a vital strategy to develop novel pesticides through reconstructing natural lead compounds. Patulin, an unsaturated heterocyclic lactone mycotoxin, is a new natural PSII inhibitor and shows significant herbicidal activity to various weeds. However, some evidence, especially the health concern, prevents it from developing as a bioherbicide.

The effect of narrative nursing on improving the negative emotions and quality of life of patients with moderate to severe cancer pain.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of narrative nursing on improving the negative emotions, sleep quality, and quality of life of patients with moderate to severe cancer pain.

Methods: A total of 80 patients with moderate to severe cancer pain who had been hospitalized in the lymphoma oncology department in our hospital from March 2019 to September 2021 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into the conventional nursing and narrative nursing groups, with 40 cases in each group. A conventional nursing intervention was conducted for one group, and narrative nursing was provided for the second group in addition to the conventional nursing.

Evaluating the relationship between pain empathy, knowledge and attitudes among nurses in North China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Effective pain management is closely related to nurses' knowledge, attitudes and empathy regarding pain. Nursing educators and managers should understand the relationship between nurses' pain management knowledge, attitudes and empathy level, and take targeted measures accordingly. Currently, there is limited study exploring the relationship between pain empathy and pain knowledge and attitudes among nurses in North China.

Histone deacetylase 9 plays a role in sevoflurane-induced neuronal differentiation inhibition by inactivating cAMP-response element binding protein transcription and inhibiting the expression of neurotrophin-3.

Postoperative cognitive decline (POCD) is a common and serious complication following anesthesia and surgery; however, the precise mechanisms of POCD remain unclear. Our previous research showed that sevoflurane impairs adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) and thus cognitive function in the aged brain by affecting neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) expression; however, the signaling mechanism involved remains unexplored. In this study, we found a dramatic decrease in the proportion of differentiated neurons with increasing concentrations of sevoflurane, and the inhibition of neural stem cell differentiation was partially reversed after the administration of exogenous NT-3.

Griseofulvin Inhibits Root Growth by Targeting Microtubule-Associated Proteins Rather Tubulins in .

Griseofulvin was considered an effective agent for cancer therapy in past decades. Although the negative effects of griseofulvin on microtubule stability are known, the exact target and mechanism of action in plants remain unclear. Here, we used trifluralin, a well-known herbicide targeting microtubules, as a reference and revealed the differences in root tip morphology, reactive oxygen species production (ROS), microtubule dynamics, and transcriptome analysis between treated with griseofulvin and trifluralin to elucidate the mechanism of root growth inhibition by griseofulvin.

Action of the fungal compound citrinin, a bioherbicide candidate, on photosystem II.

Background: Bioherbicides are becoming more attractive as safe weed control tools towards sustainable agriculture. Natural products constitute an important source chemicals and chemical leads for discovery and development of novel pesticide target sites. Citrinin is a bioactive compound produced by fungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus.

Microglial priming induced by loss of Mef2C contributes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged mice.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common postoperative central nervous system (CNS) complication with a higher occurrence among aged individuals than among young individuals. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms by which POCD preferentially affects older individuals. We found here that exploratory laparotomy induced cognitive function decline in aged mice but not in young mice and that this decline was accompanied by inflammatory activation of microglia in the hippocampus.

Clinicopathological Analysis and Treatment of Adult Patients with Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor: A 15-Year Single- Center Study.

Purpose: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare mesenchymal malignancy that occurs primarily in children and adolescents. The clinical and pathological features of IMT in adult patients are not well understood.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively searched for records of adult patients with IMT at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from 2006 to 2021.

UBE2S and UBE2C confer a poor prognosis to breast cancer downregulation of Numb.

Purpose: Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes E2S (UBE2S) and E2C (UBE2C), which mediate the biological process of ubiquitination, have been widely reported in various cancers. Numb, the cell fate determinant and tumor suppressor, was also involved in ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. However, the interaction between UBE2S/UBE2C and Numb and their roles in the clinical outcome of breast cancer (BC) are not widely elucidated.

Effects of Mycotoxin Fumagillin, Mevastatin, Radicicol, and Wortmannin on Photosynthesis of .

Mycotoxins are one of the most important sources for the discovery of new pesticides and drugs because of their chemical structural diversity and fascinating bioactivity as well as unique novel targets. Here, the effects of four mycotoxins, fumagillin, mevastatin, radicicol, and wortmannin, on photosynthesis were investigated to identify their precise sites of action on the photosynthetic apparatus of . Our results showed that these four mycotoxins have multiple targets, acting mainly on photosystem II (PSII).

FTY720 Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Bone Loss by Inhibiting Osteoclastogenesis via the NF-B and HDAC4/ATF Pathways.

Osteoclast (OC) abnormalities lead to many osteolytic diseases, such as osteoporosis, inflammatory bone erosion, and tumor-induced osteolysis. Exploring effective strategies to remediate OCs dysregulation is essential. FTY720, also known as fingolimod, has been approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.

Effect of Mycotoxin Cytochalasin A on Photosystem II in .

Biological herbicides have received much attention due to their abundant resources, low development cost, unique targets and environmental friendliness. This study reveals some interesting effects of mycotoxin cytochalasin A (CA) on photosystem II (PSII). Our results suggested that CA causes leaf lesions on due to its multiple effects on PSII.

Structure-based ligand design and discovery of novel tenuazonic acid derivatives with high herbicidal activity.

Introduction: Computer-aided design has become an important tool to develop novel pesticides based on natural lead compounds. Tenuazonic acid (TeA), a typical representative of the natural tetramic acid family, was patented as a potential bioherbicide. However, its herbicidal efficacy is still not up to the ideal standard of commercial products.

The BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex is involved in the development of pain aversion in rats with bone cancer via NR2B and ERK-CREB signaling.

Patients with bone cancer pain (BCP) are more prone to aversion. which not only causes mental distress but also aggravates BCP. However, the mechanism of BCP-related aversion is still unclear.

Quantitative Evaluation of the Normal Cervix, Cervical Cancer, and Cervical Precancerous Changes Via Real-Time Shear Wave Elastography.

Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate the clinical application values of ultrasound real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cervical cancer (CC).

Methods: A total of 285 married female patients were screened and divided into three groups according to the results of the pathological examination and the cervical ThinPrep cytologic test: 1) the CC group (n = 94); 2) the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) group (n = 91); and 3) the normal control group (n = 100). The maximum Young's modulus (Emax), mean Young's modulus (Emean), minimum Young's modulus (Emin), and Young's modulus stability (Esd) in each group were measured and statistically analyzed.

Inhibition of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Plays a Role in Sevoflurane-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Aged Mice Through Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/Tyrosine Receptor Kinase B and Neurotrophin-3/Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase C Pathways.

Sevoflurane anesthesia induces cognitive impairment, which may lead to perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). However, the factors and molecular mechanism underlying this impairment remains unclear. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus has been implicated in cognitive processes.

A fungal Bipolaris bicolor strain as a potential bioherbicide for goosegrass (Eleusine indica) control.

Background: Tea, one of the most important commercial crops on earth, is strongly affected by weeds on productivity and quality. Bioherbicides are shedding new light on weed control in tea gardens in an economical and safe manner.

Results: A pathogenic strain SYNJC-2-2 was isolated from diseased leaves of a noxious weed, goosegrass (Eleusine indica), from a tea garden in Zhejiang Province, China.

Peiminine Suppresses RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis by Inhibiting the NFATc1, ERK, and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.

Osteoclasts (OCs) play an important role in osteoporosis, a disease that is mainly characterized by bone loss. In our research, we aimed to identify novel approach for regulating osteoclastogenesis and thereby treating osteoporosis. Previous studies have set a precedent for screening traditional Chinese herbal extracts for effective inhibitors.

Transvaginal Real-Time Shear Wave Elastography in the Diagnosis of Endometrial Lesions.

Background: To explore the value of transvaginal real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) in the diagnosis of endometrial lesions.

Methods: A total of 140 female patients with endometrial lesions, confirmed by pathological results, were divided into three groups: 45 cases of endometrial polyps, 29 cases of endometrial hyperplasia and 66 cases of endometrial cancer. A total of 100 cases of normal endometrium were used as the control group, including 52 cases in the proliferative stage and 48 cases in the secretory stage.

Action Mode of the Mycotoxin Patulin as a Novel Natural Photosystem II Inhibitor.

A biocontrol method plays an important role in weed management. In this study, we aimed to clarify the phytotoxicity of the mycotoxin patulin (PAT) and reveal its mode of action as a new natural photosystem II (PSII) inhibitor. Phytotoxicity test showed that PAT has herbicidal activity and causes significant leaf lesions on .