Food Functional Factors in Alzheimer's Disease Intervention: Current Research Progress.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. With the escalating aging of the global population, the societal burden of this disease is increasing. Although drugs are available for the treatment of AD, their efficacy is limited and there remains no effective cure.

Mitochondria-Associated Gene SLC25A32 as a Novel Prognostic and Immunotherapy Biomarker: From Pan-Cancer Multiomics Analysis to Breast Cancer Validation.

Background: Mutations in SLC25A32 in humans cause late-onset exercise intolerance, which is associated with various neurological and metabolic diseases. However, its specific mechanism of action in tumour development is poorly understood owing to the lack of multiomics integrated analysis of SLC25A32 in pan-cancer.

Methods: We used various analytical tools to comprehensively investigate the transcription, protein level, and promoter methylation of SLC25A32.

Cleavage-independent activation of ancient eukaryotic gasdermins and structural mechanisms.

Gasdermins (GSDMs) are pore-forming proteins that execute pyroptosis for immune defense. GSDMs are two-domain proteins activated by proteolytic removal of the inhibitory domain. In this work, we report two types of cleavage-independent GSDM activation.

How is intergenerational emotional cohesion linked to depression among older internal migrants in China: the mediating roles of loneliness and perceived stress.

Background: Late-life internal migration is frequently associated with a higher risk of depression in older parents. This research delves into the impact of intergenerational emotional cohesion (IEC) on depression in older internal migrants and the underlying mechanisms within the contemporary Chinese context.

Methods: Obtained from a cross-sectional survey in Nanjing, China, the research involved 654 older internal migrants (66.

Recognition and maturation of IL-18 by caspase-4 noncanonical inflammasome.

The canonical (caspase-1) and noncanonical (comprising caspases 4, 5 and 11; hereafter, caspase-4/5/11) inflammasomes both cleave gasdermin D (GSDMD) to induce pyroptosis. Whereas caspase-1 processes IL-1β and IL-18 for maturation, no cytokine target has been firmly established for lipopolysaccharide-activated caspase-4/5/11. Here we show that activated human caspase-4, but not mouse caspase-11, directly and efficiently processes IL-18 in vitro and during bacterial infections.

[Network Meta-analysis of Chinese patent medicines in treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy].

This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of different Chinese patent medicines in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. The relevant randomized controlled trial(RCT) was retrieved from PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang, and VIP with the time interval from database inception to December 2022. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was employed to evaluate the quality of the included RCT, and Stata 15.

Comparison of structures and emulsifying properties between water-extracted pectins from Fructus aurantii.

The structural characteristics of two water-extracted pectic polysaccharides from Fructus aurantii were investigated, and the impacts of their structures on the emulsifying stability were evaluated. FWP-60 (extracted by cold water and followed 60 % ethanol precipitation) and FHWP-50 (extracted by hot water and followed 50 % ethanol precipitation) were both high methyl-esterified pectins, which were composed of homogalacturonan (HG) and highly branched rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) regions. The weight-average molecular weight, methyl-esterification degree (DM) and HG/RG-I ratio of FWP-60 were 1200 kDa, 66.

Flagellar brake protein YcgR interacts with motor proteins MotA and FliG to regulate the flagellar rotation speed and direction.

In and related species, flagellar brake protein YcgR responds to the elevated intracellular c-di-GMP, decreases the flagellar rotation speed, causes a CCW rotation bias, and regulates bacterial swimming. Boehm et al. suggested that c-di-GMP-activated YcgR directly interacted with the motor protein MotA to curb flagellar motor output.

Structural mechanisms for regulation of GSDMB pore-forming activity.

Cytotoxic lymphocyte-derived granzyme A (GZMA) cleaves GSDMB, a gasdermin-family pore-forming protein, to trigger target cell pyroptosis. GSDMB and the charter gasdermin family member GSDMD have been inconsistently reported to be degraded by the Shigella flexneri ubiquitin-ligase virulence factor IpaH7.8 (refs.

How is grandparenting linked to life satisfaction among community-dwelling older migrants in Nanjing, China: The mediating role of loneliness and self-esteem.

Grandparenting is a crucial part of family child care. This study aims to examine the effect of grandparenting on the life satisfaction of community-dwelling older migrants, and attempts to explore the psychological mechanisms linking them. A total of 723 participants were recruited.

Metabolite profiling and transcriptome analyses provide insight into the regulatory network of graft incompatibility in litchi.

Litchi is an important commercial fruit crop widely grown in the world. Graft incompatibility between rootstocks and scions is a major constraint for large-scale cultivation of litchi orchards, popularization of new and excellent litchi varieties, and associated industrial development. Further, the genetic mechanism of graft incompatibility is still unclear in litchi.

Structural mechanisms of calmodulin activation of Shigella effector OspC3 to ADP-riboxanate caspase-4/11 and block pyroptosis.

The caspase-4/11-GSDMD pyroptosis axis recognizes cytosolic lipopolysaccharide for antibacterial defenses. Shigella flexneri employs an OspC3 effector to block pyroptosis by catalyzing NAD-dependent arginine ADP-riboxanation of caspase-4/11. Here, we identify Ca-free calmodulin (CaM) that binds and stimulates OspC3 ADP-riboxanase activity.

Self-Rated Health and Life Satisfaction among Elderly Migrants in China: A Moderated Mediation Model of Resilience and Upward Intergenerational Support.

Objective: This study aimed to test whether resilience mediates the association between self-rated health and life satisfaction and the moderated effect of upward intergenerational support among elderly migrants in China.

Method: We used self-reported data collected from 654 elderly migrants in Nanjing. The regression analysis using bootstrapping methods was conducted to explore the mediating and moderating effects.

Chinese elderly migrants' loneliness, anxiety and depressive symptoms: The mediation effect of perceived stress and resilience.

Elderly migrants who face the dual challenges of aging and migration are more likely to suffer psychological disorders. Existing research has demonstrated a link between loneliness and psychological disorders in the general elderly population. However, we know little about the relationships among elderly migrants, and the psychological mechanisms linking them.

Perceived stress and life satisfaction among elderly migrants in China: A moderated mediation model.

Objective: Our study aims to test whether anxiety mediated the association between perceived stress and life satisfaction and whether the mediating effect was moderated by resilience among elderly migrants in China.

Methods: We used self-reported data collected from 654 elderly migrants in Nanjing. Regression analyses using bootstrapping methods were conducted to explore the mediating and moderating effects.

[Study on the indication of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma].

Laryngeal cancer is one of the most common malignant cancer of the head and neck. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is considered by the NCCN guideline to be the most effective organ protection strategy for locally advanced laryngeal cancer, which can preserve the larynx without reducing the survival rate of patients. Patients with non-T4 （T1-3） and high lymph node burden （N2-3） laryngeal cancer can benefit from concurrent chemoradiotherapy, which are more suitable for concurrent chemoradiotherapy than locally advanced laryngeal cancer with other stages.

Calmodulin Binding Activates CopC Effector to ADP-Riboxanate Host Apoptotic Caspases.

Blocking host cell death is an important virulence strategy employed by many bacterial pathogens. We recently reported that Shigella flexneri inhibits host pyroptosis by delivering a type III secretion system (T3SS) effector OspC3 that catalyzes a novel arginine ADP-riboxanation modification on caspase-4/11. Here, we investigated the OspC3 homologue CopC from Chromobacterium violaceum, an opportunistic but sometimes deadly bacterial pathogen.

Rapid efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in treating thoracolumbar fractures in elderly patients.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) on the elderly patients with thoracolumbar fractures and its influence on their complications and quality of life.

Methods: Totally 175 elderly patients with thoracolumbar fractures admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to January 2019 were selected as the research participants. Seventy patients in the control group (CG) were treated with conventional therapy, and 105 in the research group (RG) were treated by percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).

Structural and Biochemical Analysis Reveals a Distinct Catalytic Site of Salicylate 5-Monooxygenase NagGH from Rieske Dioxygenases.

Rieske nonheme iron oxygenases (ROs) catalyze the oxidation of a wide variety of substrates and play important roles in aromatic compound degradation and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation. Those Rieske dioxygenases that usually act on hydrophobic substrates have been extensively studied and structurally characterized. Here, we report the crystal structure of a novel Rieske monooxygenase, NagGH, the oxygenase component of a salicylate 5-monooxygenase from sp.

A newly identified duplex RNA unwinding activity of archaeal RNase J depends on processive exoribonucleolysis coupled steric occlusion by its structural archaeal loops.

RNase J is a prokaryotic 5'-3' exo/endoribonuclease that functions in mRNA decay and rRNA maturation. Here, we report a novel duplex unwinding activity of mpy-RNase J, an archaeal RNase J from , which enables it to degrade duplex RNAs with hairpins up to 40 bp when linking a 5' single-stranded overhangs of ≥ 7 nt, corresponding to the RNA channel length. A 6-nt RNA-mpy-RNase J-S247A structure reveals the RNA-interacting residues and a steric barrier at the RNA channel entrance comprising two archaeal loops and two helices.

Structural insights into the mechanism of c-di-GMP-bound YcgR regulating flagellar motility in .

The motile-sessile transition is critical for bacterial survival and growth. Cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) plays a central role in controlling this transition and regulating biofilm formation via various effectors. As an effector of c-di-GMP in and related species, the PilZ domain-containing protein YcgR responds to elevated c-di-GMP concentrations and acts on the flagellar motor to suppress bacterial motility in a brakelike fashion, which promotes bacterial surface attachment.