Peceleganan Spray for the Treatment of Skin Wound Infections: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Peceleganan spray is a novel topical antimicrobial agent targeted for the treatment of skin wound infections. However, its efficacy and safety remain unclear.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of peceleganan spray for the treatment of wound infections.

Bioactive pulvinones from a marine algicolous fungus Aspergillus terreus NTU243.

Marine fungi are regarded as an under-explored source of structurally interesting and bioactive natural products with the potential to provide attractive lead compounds for drug discovery. In this study, several fungal strains were isolated from marine algae collected from the northeastern coast of Taiwan. In the preliminary antimicrobial screening against bacteria and fungi, the ethyl acetate extract of the fermented products of Aspergillus terreus NTU243 derived from a green alga Ulva lactuca was found to exhibit significant antimicrobial activities.

Fair and Effective Policing for Neighborhood Safety: Understanding and Overcoming Selection Biases.

An accurate crime prediction and risk estimation can help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of policing activities. However, reports have revealed that biases like racial prejudice could exist in policing enforcement, and trained predictors may inherit them. In this work, we study the possible reasons and countermeasures to this problem, using records from the New York frisk and search program (NYCSF) as the dataset.

Measuring Urban Vibrancy of Residential Communities Using Big Crowdsourced Geotagged Data.

The pervasiveness of mobile and sensing technologies today has facilitated the creation of Big Crowdsourced Geotagged Data (BCGD) from individual users in real time and at different locations in the city. Such ubiquitous user-generated data allow us to infer various patterns of human behavior, which helps us understand the interactions between humans and cities. In this article, we aim to analyze BCGD, including mobile consumption check-ins, urban geography data, and human mobility data, to learn a model that can unveil the impact of urban geography and human mobility on the vibrancy of residential communities.

Upregulation of miR-150-5p alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages by targeting Notch1.

Circulating miR-150-5p has been identified as a prognostic marker in patients with critical illness and sepsis. Herein, we aimed to further explore the role and underlying mechanism of miR-150-5p in sepsis. Quantitative real-time-PCR assay was performed to detect the expression of miR-150-5p upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.

Genetic association between CD86 polymorphisms and the risk of sepsis in a Chinese Han population.

Background: Sepsis is a clinical syndrome that is frequently observed after injury or infection, representing a leading cause of mortality worldwide. CD86 (B7-2) is a co-stimulatory molecule on antigen-presenting cells, and plays critical roles in immune responses.

Methods: A total of 135 sepsis patients and 151 healthy controls were recruited in the current case-control study.

Association of ERAP1 gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility to psoriasis vulgaris: A case-control study.

Psoriasis vulgaris (PsV), also known as plaque psoriasis, is a life-threatening autoimmune skin disease. Inflammatory factors may contribute to the development of PsV. Present study aimed to explore the association of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) gene polymorphisms (rs26653 and rs27524) with PsV susceptibility in a Chinese Han population.

The Effect of Continuous Sedation Therapy on Immunomodulation, Plasma Levels of Antioxidants, and Indicators of Tissue Repair in Post-Burn Sepsis Patients.

Our objective was to investigate the effect of continuous therapeutic sedation on the immune response, plasma levels of antioxidants, and tissue repair indicators in burn-induced sepsis patients. A total of 104 burn-induced sepsis patients hospitalized during March, 2008 to March, 2013 were selected for the study and randomly divided into the experimental and control groups, each with 53 cases. All of these patients received conventional treatment and the patients in the experimental group were given an additional therapy of continuous sedation.

Enhancement of the repair of dog alveolar cleft by an autologous iliac bone, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell, and platelet-rich fibrin mixture.

Background: Autologous bone graft has been regarded as the criterion standard for the repair of alveolar cleft. However, the most prominent issue in alveolar cleft treatment is the high absorption rate of the bone graft. The authors' objective was to investigate the effects of an autologous iliac bone, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell, and platelet-rich fibrin mixture on the repair of dog alveolar cleft.

Improvement in the repair of defects in maxillofacial soft tissue in irradiated minipigs by a mixture of adipose-derived stem cells and platelet-rich fibrin.

To find out if adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), alone or combined, had any effect on the repair of maxillofacial soft tissue defects in irradiated minipigs, ASC were isolated, characterised, and expanded. Twenty female minipigs, the right parotid glands of which had been irradiated, were randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 each: those in the first group were injected with both ASC and PRF (combined group), the second group was injected with ASC alone (ASC group), the third group with PRF alone (PRF group), and the fourth group with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (control group). Six months after the last injection, the size and depth of each defect were assessed, and subcutaneous tissues were harvested, stained with haematoxylin and eosin, and examined immunohistologically and for apoptosis.

Synergistic effect of lidocaine with pingyangmycin for treatment of venous malformation using a mouse spleen model.

Aims: To explore whether lidocaine has the synergistic effect with pingyangmycin (PYM) in the venous malformations (VMs) treatment.

Methods: The mouse spleen was chosen as a VM model and injected with different concentration of lidocaine or PYM or jointly treated with lidocaine and PYM. After 2, 5, 8 or 14 days, the mouse spleen tissues were acquired for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, TUNEL assay and quantitative RT-PCR analysis to examine the toxicological effects of lidocaine and PYM on splenic vascular endothelial cells.