Identification of components of Caoguo using accelerated solvent extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry integrated with network pharmacology on indigestion.

Background: Caoguo (), a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used as medicine and dietary spices. Volatile components are among its important bioactive constituents used to treatment of abdominal distension and pain, but the mechanism is not clear up to now. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple, sensitive, and accurate method to analyze and identify components of Caoguo and , and further investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Caoguo on indigestion using network pharmacology.

Identification and Validation of a Four-Long Non-coding RNA Signature Associated With Immune Infiltration and Prognosis in Colon Cancer.

The emerging evidence has demonstrated the critical roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as regulators in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). However, the tumor immune infiltration-associated lncRNAs and their clinical significance in colon cancer have not yet been thoroughly investigated. This study performed an integrative analysis of lncRNA expression profiles and immune cell infiltration profiles and identified 258 immune infiltration-associated lncRNAs.

Silencing of circ_0078607 prevents development of gastric cancer and inactivates the ERK1/2/AKT pathway through the miR-188-3p/RAP1B axis.

The aim of this study is to explore the expression and mechanism of circ_0078607 on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer. Real time PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of circ_0078607 in gastric cancer tumor tissues, plasma and cell lines. Cell viability was detected by cell counting Kit-8.

Toll-Like Receptors Recognize Intestinal Microbes in Liver Cirrhosis.

Liver cirrhosis is one major cause of mortality in the clinic, and treatment of this disease is an arduous task. The scenario will be even getting worse with increasing alcohol consumption and obesity in the current lifestyle. To date, we have no medicines to cure cirrhosis.

Identification of a TLR-Induced Four-lncRNA Signature as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker in Esophageal Carcinoma.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling to control innate immunity, and this regulatory mechanism has recently been implicated in esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). However, a comprehensive analysis of TLR-induced lncRNAs and their roles in diagnosis and prognosis in ESCA is still lacking. In this study, we first investigated the precise relationship between lncRNA perturbations and alteration of TLR signaling by constructing the lncRNA-TLRs co-expression network involved in ESCA, and identified 357 TLR-related lncRNAs.

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling to study the anti-dysmenorrhea effect of Guizhi Fuling capsule on primary dysmenorrhea rats.

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is one of the most common gynaecological disorders among women, which seriously affects women's life quality due to its high incidence rate. Guizhi Fuling capsule (GZFLC), a well-known traditional Chinese medical prescription, has been widely used to treat gynecological blood stasis syndromes such as PDM. However, its mechanisms of action and combination were still unknown.

Investigation of potential toxic components based on the identification of Genkwa Flos chemical constituents and their metabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a Q Exactive high-resolution benchtop quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometer.

Genkwa Flos, a famous traditional Chinese medicine has been reported to have significant hepatotoxicity. A high-throughput and reliable method was established to explore potential toxic components by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a Q Exactive high-performance benchtop quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer. A total of 68 compounds including 22 chemical components and 46 metabolites were tentatively identified based on the accurately measured mass value, retention time, and fragmentation pattern.

Prophylactic Neuroprotection of Total Glucosides of Paeoniae Radix Alba against Semen Strychni-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats: Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Reducing the Absorption of Toxic Components.

Strychnos alkaloids (SAs) are the main toxic constituents in Semen Strychni, a traditional Chinese medicine, which is known for its fatal neurotoxicity. Hence, the present study was carried out to evaluate the neurotoxicity induced by SAs and the pre-protective effects of the total glucosides of Paeoniae Radix Alba (TGP). An SA brain damage model was firstly established.

Investigation of metabolic profile of pimavanserin in rats by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography combined with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Pimavanserin, a selective serotonin 2A receptor inverse agonist, is a promising candidate for treating Parkinson's disease psychosis. Our previous study revealed that there might be the presence of extensive metabolites of pimavanserin in rats. However, the metabolic fate of pimavanserin in vivo remains unknown.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor enhances the therapeutic efficacy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in rats with experimental acute pancreatitis.

Introduction: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common diseases involving necrotic inflammation. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) have the potential of multi-directional differentiation and self-renewal for tissue repair. It remains less clear if granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can improve the therapeutic effect of BMMSC transplant in AP.

Surface modification via strain-promoted click reaction facilitates targeted lentiviral transduction.

As a result of their ability to integrate into the genome of both dividing and non-dividing cells, lentiviruses have emerged as a promising vector for gene delivery. Targeted gene transduction of specific cells and tissues by lentiviral vectors has been a major goal, which has proven difficult to achieve. We report a novel targeting protocol that relies on the chemoselective attachment of cancer specific ligands to unnatural glycans on lentiviral surfaces.

Chemoselective modification of viral surfaces via bioorthogonal click chemistry.

The modification of virus particles has received a significant amount of attention for its tremendous potential for impacting gene therapy, oncolytic applications and vaccine development. Current approaches to modifying viral surfaces, which are mostly genetics-based, often suffer from attenuation of virus production, infectivity and cellular transduction. Using chemoselective click chemistry, we have developed a straightforward alternative approach which sidesteps these issues while remaining both highly flexible and accessible.

Magnetic resonance imaging of nonaqueous phase liquid during soil vapor extraction in heterogeneous porous media.

Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is commonly used to remediate nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) from the vadose zone. This paper aims to determine the effect of grain size heterogeneity on the removal of NAPL in porous media during SVE. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to observe and quantify the amount and location of NAPL in flow-through columns filled with silica gel grains.

Effect of soil properties on saturated and unsaturated virus transport through columns.

Viruses from contaminant sources can be transported through porous media to drinking water wells. The objective of this study was to investigate inactivation and sorption of viruses during saturated and unsaturated transport in different soils. Bacteriophages phiX174 and MS-2, and Br- tracer in a phosphate-buffered saline solution were introduced into saturated and unsaturated soil columns as a step function under constant flow rate and hydraulic conditions.