Automatic magnetic solid phase extraction for rapid and high-throughput determination of neonicotinoid insecticides and their metabolites in serum, breast milk and urine samples.

In this study, an automatic magnetic solid phase extraction method was developed to determine six parent neonicotinoids (NEOs) and three of their metabolites in breast milk, serum and urine samples. As key extraction parameters, the sorbent amount, washing solvent and elution solvent were optimized to 4 mg of HLB packing magnetic sorbent, pure water and acetonitrile, respectively. Recoveries of the analytes ranged between 81% and 121% for bovine milk samples, 64% and 122% for fetal bovine serum samples and 81% and 109% for pooled urine samples, with RSDs of <20%.

Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Adults Aged 40 to 79 Years with Diagnosed Hypertension, High Cholesterol, and/or Diabetes but Not on Medications: Findings from Nationwide Cross-Sectional Studies.

Many people with diagnosed hypertension, high cholesterol, and/or diabetes are not receiving drug treatment, partly because they perceive their cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk as low. This study aimed to quantify the risk for future CVD events, either first or recurrent, in people with diagnosed hypertension, high cholesterol, and/or diabetes but not on medications for any of these conditions. Participants aged 40-79 years who had been diagnosed with hypertension, high cholesterol, and/or diabetes but were not on medications were identified from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys cycles 1999 to 2018.

The joint impact of PM constituents on the risk of cerebrovascular diseases hospitalization: A large community-based cohort study.

Air pollution poses significant health risks to urban areas, with limited focus on the chronic association of PM and its constituents on cerebrovascular diseases (CERs), especially regarding the joint associations. This study explores the individual and joint associations between PM constituents and CER hospitalization risks through a cohort analysis of 36,271 adults in the Pearl River Delta, South China, from 2015 to 2020. Cox proportional hazards regression and quantile-based g-computation models were used to quantify the individual and joint associations of annual mean concentrations of PM constituents with hospitalization for CERs.

The effect of residential greenness on cardiovascular mortality from a large cohort in South China: An in-depth analysis of effect modification by multiple demographic and lifestyle characteristics.

Background: The potential for residential greenness to improve cardiovascular health through both physical and psychological mechanisms is well recognized. However, evidence from rapidly urbanizing developing countries and cohort-based causal inference approaches, remains limited. We aim to examine the effect of residential greenness and time to cardiovascular mortality in South China.

Unveiling causal connections: Long-term particulate matter exposure and type 2 diabetes mellitus mortality in Southern China.

Evidence of the potential causal links between long-term exposure to particulate matters (PM, i.e., PM, PM, and PM) and T2DM mortality based on large cohorts is limited.

The complex role of air pollution on the association between greenness and respiratory mortality: Insight from a large cohort, 2009-2020.

Background: Although emerging studies have illuminated the protective association between greenness and respiratory mortality, efforts to quantify the potentially complex role of air pollution in the causal pathway are still limited. We aimed to examine the potential roles of air pollution in the causal pathway between greenness and respiratory mortality in China.

Methods: We used data from a community-based prospective cohort of 654,115 participants in southern China (Jan 2009-Dec 2020).

Modulation of stem cell fate in intestinal homeostasis, injury and repair.

The mammalian intestinal epithelium constitutes the largest barrier against the external environment and makes flexible responses to various types of stimuli. Epithelial cells are fast-renewed to counteract constant damage and disrupted barrier function to maintain their integrity. The homeostatic repair and regeneration of the intestinal epithelium are governed by the Lgr5 intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of crypts, which fuel rapid renewal and give rise to the different epithelial cell types.

Interactions between long-term ambient particle exposures and lifestyle on the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes: insight from a large community-based survey.

Introduction: Evidence on the interaction of lifestyle and long-term ambient particle (PM) exposure on the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, particularly their combined condition is limited. We investigate the associations between PM and these outcomes and whether the associations were modified by various lifestyles.

Methods: This was a large population-based survey during 2019-2021 in Southern China.

Estimating causal links of long-term exposure to particulate matters with all-cause mortality in South China.

Background: The association between long-term particulate matter (PM) exposure and all-cause mortality has been well-documented. However, evidence is still limited from high-exposed cohorts, especially for PM which is smaller while more toxic than other commonly investigated particles. We aimed to examine the potential casual links of long-term PMs exposure with all-cause mortality in high-exposed areas.

Long-term exposure to particulate matter and COPD mortality: Insights from causal inference methods based on a large population cohort in southern China.

Background: Evidence of the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality from large population-based cohort study is limited and often suffers from residual confounding issues with traditional statistical methods. We hereby assessed the casual relationship between long-term PM (PM, PM and PM) exposure and COPD mortality in a large cohort of Chinese adults using state-of-the-art causal inference approaches.

Methods: A total of 580,757 participants in southern China were enrolled in a prospective cohort study from 2009 to 2015 and followed up until December 2020.

Associations Between Ambient Extreme Heat Exposure and Emergency Department Visits Related to Kidney Disease.

Rationale & Objective: Extreme heat exposure is associated with multiple diseases. However, our current understanding of the specific impact of extreme heat exposure on kidney disease is limited.

Study Design: Case-crossover study.

Risk of maternal exposure to mixed air pollutants during pregnancy for congenital heart diseases in offspring.

Objective: To explore the risk of maternal exposure to mixed air pollutants of particulate matter 1 (PM ), particulate matter 2.5 (PM ), particulate matter 10 (PM ) and NO for congenital heart disease (CHD) in offspring, and to estimate the ranked weights of the above pollutants.

Methods: 6038 CHD patients and 5227 healthy controls from 40 medical institutions in 21 cities in Guangdong Registry of Congenital Heart Disease (GRCHD) from 2007 to 2016 were included.

Identifying joint impacts of sun radiation, temperature, humidity, and rain duration on triggering mental disorders using a high-resolution weather monitoring system.

Background: Mental disorders (MDs) are behavioral or mental patterns that cause significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. Previously, temperature has been linked to MDs, but most studies suffered from exposure misclassification due to limited monitoring sites. We aimed to assess whether multiple meteorological factors could jointly trigger MD-related emergency department (ED) visits in warm season, using a highly dense weather monitoring system.

Prenatal Detection of Congenital Heart Diseases Using Echocardiography: 12-Year Results of an Improving Program With 9782 Cases.

Background: A provincial program combining the effect of a government investment in prenatal screening and a specialized cardiac center was introduced in 2004, to improve prenatal diagnosis by echocardiography for congenital heart diseases (CHDs) in the Guangdong Registry of Congenital Heart Disease, China.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of this program on the prenatal diagnosis rate (PDR) by echocardiography and termination of pregnancy (TOP).

Methods: A retrospective study from 2004-2015 included 9782 fetuses and infants diagnosed with CHDs.

The PERK/ATF4/CHOP signaling branch of the unfolded protein response mediates cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in hair cells.

Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent. However, its clinical application remains limited due to the high incidence of severe ototoxicity. It has been reported that the unfolded protein response (UPR) is involved in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Using Innovative Machine Learning Methods to Screen and Identify Predictors of Congenital Heart Diseases.

Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are associated with an extremely heavy global disease burden as the most common category of birth defects. Genetic and environmental factors have been identified as risk factors of CHDs previously. However, high volume clinical indicators have never been considered when predicting CHDs.

Power outage mediates the associations between major storms and hospital admission of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third-leading cause of death worldwide with continuous rise. Limited studies indicate that COPD was associated with major storms and related power outages (PO). However, significant gaps remain in understanding what PO's role is on the pathway of major storms-COPD.

First-Trimester Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation Modifies the Effects of Risk Factors Exposures on Congenital Heart Disease in Offspring.

This study aimed to examine effect modification of maternal risk factor exposures and congenital heart disease (CHD) by maternal folic acid supplementation (FAS)/non-FAS. We included 8379 CHD cases and 6918 CHD-free controls from 40 clinical centers in Guangdong Province, Southern China, 2004-2016. Controls were randomly chosen from malformation-free fetuses and infants and frequency matched to the echocardiogram-confirmed cases by enrollment hospital and year of birth.

Gestational exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and congenital heart defects: A nested case-control pilot study.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that environmental pollutants may contribute to the occurrence of congenital heart defects (CHDs). However, no previous studies have evaluated the impact of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), persistent environmental pollutants, on CHDs. This exploratory study aimed to generate testable hypotheses of the association between gestational PFAS and the risk of CHDs.

Maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and congenital heart defects in China.

Background: Evidence of maternal exposure to ambient air pollution on congenital heart defects (CHD) has been mixed and are still relatively limited in developing countries. We aimed to investigate the association between maternal exposure to air pollution and CHD in China.

Method: This longitudinal, population-based, case-control study consecutively recruited fetuses with CHD and healthy volunteers from 21 cities, Southern China, between January 2006 and December 2016.