The Nancy Histopathological Index has limited value in predicting clinical outcomes in newly diagnosed pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis.

The Nancy Histological Index (NHI) is used to score histologic disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Our goal was to assess the utility of NHI at diagnosis in predicting clinical outcomes in pediatric patients with UC, in comparison to clinical and endoscopic scores. We retrospectively reviewed data at diagnosis of 106 children with UC (59 [55.

Comparing single versus multiple virus detection in pediatric acute gastroenteritis postimplementation of routine multiplex RT-PCR diagnostic testing.

Utilizing multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for rapid diagnosis of gastroenteritis, enables simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens. A comparative analysis of disease characteristics was conducted between cases with single and multiple viruses. Rotavirus vaccine was introduced in 2010, reaching a 70% coverage in 2 years.

Implementing a multiplex-PCR test for the diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis in hospitalized children: Are all enteric viruses the same?

Background: Multiplex-PCR is a valuable tool for diagnosing viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE), enabling the detection of multiple pathogens. However, distinguishing between active disease and shedding poses challenges. This study aimed to evaluate viral AGE epidemiology and compare clinical characteristics among the five most common viruses.

The role of anion gap normalization time in the management of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis.

Introduction: Our aims were to determine whether anion gap normalization time (AGNT) correlates with risk factors related to the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children, and to characterize AGNT as a criterion for DKA resolution in children admitted with moderate or severe disease.

Methods: A ten-year retrospective cohort study of children admitted to the intensive care unit with DKA. We used a survival analysis approach to determine changes in serum glucose, bicarbonate, pH, and anion gap following admission.

Correlation Between the Nancy Histopathology Index and Markers of Disease Activity in Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis.

The Nancy Histological Index (NHI) was developed to assess histological disease activity in adult ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. However, data in pediatrics is limited. Our aim was to determine whether the NHI correlates with different indices of disease activity in pediatric UC patients.

Early-life liver cirrhosis and variable clinical presentation in telomere disease.

Aim: Telomeres are DNA sequences of tandem TTAGGG repeats that protect chromosome ends from degradation and instability. Constitutional loss-of-function telomerase mutations result in rapid telomere shortening, premature senescence and cell death. Liver cirrhosis is rare and has only been reported in adults.

Multifaceted Strategy Improves Outcomes of Patients Hospitalized with a Diabetic Foot Infection.

Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are associated with major morbidity, reduced quality of life and increased mortality. Osteomyelitis is a leading cause of lower-extremity amputation in diabetic patients. We aimed to examine whether a multifaceted strategy for treating hospitalized patients with a DFI effectively influenced microbiological culture results and outcomes.

The impact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on the incidence of community-acquired alveolar pneumonia in premature compared with in term-born infants.

Background: Preterm-born children are prone to respiratory infections and complications during infancy and early childhood. In Israel, pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCVs) were introduced in 2009-2010, with high vaccination coverage. We assessed the impact of PCV implementation on community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP) in children < 2 years old born prematurely, in comparison with term born infants.

Diabetic ketoacidosis in pregnancy - Case series, pathophysiology, and review of the literature.

Objective: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during pregnancy is a life-threatening emergency for both the mother and the fetus. The pathophysiology of DKA in pregnancy has its own characteristics due to multiple factors, such as insulin resistance, accelerated starvation and respiratory alkalosis, thus creating ketosis-prone state, with DKA occurring at milder degrees of hyperglycemia, even in normoglycemic levels, which can result in delayed diagnosis and treatment with potential for adverse metabolic consequences.

Study Design: In this article, we presented 8 clinical cases of DKA during pregnancy.

Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) deficiency among Palestinian infants: Three novel variants and genetic heterogeneity.

Aldosterone synthase deficiency (ASD) is a rare potentially life-threatening genetic disorder that usually presents during infancy due to pathogenic variants in the CYP11B2 gene. Knowledge about CYP11B2 variants in the Arab population is scarce. Here, we present and analyze five Palestinian patients and their different novel pathogenic variants.

Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Invasive Pneumococcal Serotypes During Childhood Community-Acquired Alveolar Pneumonia Is Associated With Specific Clinical Presentation.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pnc) serotypes differ in invasive potential. We examined whether community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP) in children carrying commonly recognized pneumonia invasive pneumococcal serotypes ([PnIST] 1, 5, 7F, 14, and 19A) differs from CAAP in children carrying less invasive serotypes (non-PnIST) or no Pnc (Pnc-neg).

Methods: Children <5 years, visiting the only regional Pediatric Emergency Room, with radiologically proven CAAP were enrolled.

Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Carriage During Childhood Community-Acquired Alveolar Pneumonia: Relationship Between Specific Serotypes and Coinfecting Viruses.

Background: Respiratory viruses and Streptococcus pneumoniae are known to be copathogens in childhood pneumonia. However, it is unclear whether all pneumococcal serotypes are equally prone to such interaction. We attempted to determine association between carried pneumococcal serotypes and respiratory viruses during childhood community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (CAAP).